BIO 235 - Midterm 2 Exam bank | LATEST UPDATE |
VEIFIED !!
Most muscles cross at least one_________ b) Joints
a) tendon
b)joint
c) bone
d) ligament
e)body plane
The attachment of a muscle's tendon to C) origin, insertion
the stationary bone is called the ; the
attachment of the muscle's other tendon
to the movable bone is called the _.
a) origin, action
b)insertion, action
c) origin, insertion
d) insertion, origin
e)insertion, action
A lever is acted on at two different points by d) effort and load
two different forces which are called
the___________
a) fulcrum and resistance.
b)leverage and load.
c) lever and resistance.
d) effort and load.
e)lever and effort.
,Motion will occur in a muscle when the _____ a) effort and load
supplied exceeds the____.
a) effort, load
b)resistance, lever
c) load, effort
d) load, resistance
e)lever, effort
With reference to the effort and load , Mechanical advantage occurs when the load is placed
describe the main difference between lever closer to the fulcrum, thus requiring less effort in the
operating with a mechanical advantage movement of the load.
versus lever operating at mechanical Mechanical disadvantage occurs when the load is placed
disadvantage farther from the fulcrum. This results in more effort to be
exerted to move the load.
Briefly describe the three categories of First class lever: scissors, and they can function at a
levers based on the position of their fulcrum. mechanical advantage or a mechanical disadvantage
Give an example of each type of lever and Second class: Wheel Barrow is a second-class lever system,
state whether the lever works at a and it functions at a mechanical advantage.
mechanical advantage, disadvantage, or third class: Forceps (tweezers) function as a third class lever,
both. and they function at a mechanical disadvantage.
Which of the following is NOT a common c) Oval
arrangement of muscle fascicles?
a) pennate
b)triangular
c) oval
d) parallel
e)fusiform
This type of fascicle arrangement has a)Triangular
the fascicles spread over a broad
area and converges at a thick central
tendon.
a) triangular
b)pennate
c) circular
d) fusiform
e)multipennate
The muscle that serves as the "prime mover" b) Agonist
during a movement is called the_____.
a) antagonist.
b)agonist.
c) synergist.
d) asynergist.
e)fixator.
, This type of muscle works by stabilizing the d) Fixator
origin of the agonist so that it can act
more efficiently.
a) synergist
b)agonist
c) antagonist
d) fixator
e)secondary mover
Briefly describe four main benefits of Improved physical performance. A flexible joint has the ability
stretching before exercising to move through a greater range of motion, which
improves performance.
Decreased risk of injury. Stretching decreases resistance in
various soft tissues so there is less likelihood of exceeding
maximum tissue extensibility during an activity (i.e., injuring the
soft tissues).
Reduced muscle soreness. Stretching can reduce some of the
muscle soreness that results after exercise.
Improved posture. Poor posture results from improper position
of various parts of the body and the effects of gravity
over a number of years. Stretching can help realign soft
tissues to improve and maintain good posture.
Which of the following is NOT a e) Thickness of fibers
characteristic commonly used to name
skeletal muscles?
a) Size
b)Shape
c) Number of origins
d) Sites of origins
e) Thickness of fibers
What anatomical structures of the The bone is the lever. The joint is the fulcrum. The muscle
musculoskeletal system correspond to the contraction pulling on its insertion point is the effort. The
components of a lever system? Describe the weight of the part to be moved is the resistance. A first
arrangement of these parts in first, second, class lever has the fulcrum between the effort and the
and third class lever systems. resistance; a second class lever has the resistance in the
middle; the third class lever has the effort in the middle. In all
cases, the lever moves around the fulcrum.
Discuss the roles of agonists, antagonists, The agonist (prime mover) contracts to cause a particular
synergists, and fixators in movement. movement. The antagonist causes the opposite action, and so,
must relax while the agonist contracts. Synergists prevent
unwanted movements during an action or aid the agonist
during the movement, while fixators stabilize the origin of the
agonist. Both allow the agonist to work more efficiently.
VEIFIED !!
Most muscles cross at least one_________ b) Joints
a) tendon
b)joint
c) bone
d) ligament
e)body plane
The attachment of a muscle's tendon to C) origin, insertion
the stationary bone is called the ; the
attachment of the muscle's other tendon
to the movable bone is called the _.
a) origin, action
b)insertion, action
c) origin, insertion
d) insertion, origin
e)insertion, action
A lever is acted on at two different points by d) effort and load
two different forces which are called
the___________
a) fulcrum and resistance.
b)leverage and load.
c) lever and resistance.
d) effort and load.
e)lever and effort.
,Motion will occur in a muscle when the _____ a) effort and load
supplied exceeds the____.
a) effort, load
b)resistance, lever
c) load, effort
d) load, resistance
e)lever, effort
With reference to the effort and load , Mechanical advantage occurs when the load is placed
describe the main difference between lever closer to the fulcrum, thus requiring less effort in the
operating with a mechanical advantage movement of the load.
versus lever operating at mechanical Mechanical disadvantage occurs when the load is placed
disadvantage farther from the fulcrum. This results in more effort to be
exerted to move the load.
Briefly describe the three categories of First class lever: scissors, and they can function at a
levers based on the position of their fulcrum. mechanical advantage or a mechanical disadvantage
Give an example of each type of lever and Second class: Wheel Barrow is a second-class lever system,
state whether the lever works at a and it functions at a mechanical advantage.
mechanical advantage, disadvantage, or third class: Forceps (tweezers) function as a third class lever,
both. and they function at a mechanical disadvantage.
Which of the following is NOT a common c) Oval
arrangement of muscle fascicles?
a) pennate
b)triangular
c) oval
d) parallel
e)fusiform
This type of fascicle arrangement has a)Triangular
the fascicles spread over a broad
area and converges at a thick central
tendon.
a) triangular
b)pennate
c) circular
d) fusiform
e)multipennate
The muscle that serves as the "prime mover" b) Agonist
during a movement is called the_____.
a) antagonist.
b)agonist.
c) synergist.
d) asynergist.
e)fixator.
, This type of muscle works by stabilizing the d) Fixator
origin of the agonist so that it can act
more efficiently.
a) synergist
b)agonist
c) antagonist
d) fixator
e)secondary mover
Briefly describe four main benefits of Improved physical performance. A flexible joint has the ability
stretching before exercising to move through a greater range of motion, which
improves performance.
Decreased risk of injury. Stretching decreases resistance in
various soft tissues so there is less likelihood of exceeding
maximum tissue extensibility during an activity (i.e., injuring the
soft tissues).
Reduced muscle soreness. Stretching can reduce some of the
muscle soreness that results after exercise.
Improved posture. Poor posture results from improper position
of various parts of the body and the effects of gravity
over a number of years. Stretching can help realign soft
tissues to improve and maintain good posture.
Which of the following is NOT a e) Thickness of fibers
characteristic commonly used to name
skeletal muscles?
a) Size
b)Shape
c) Number of origins
d) Sites of origins
e) Thickness of fibers
What anatomical structures of the The bone is the lever. The joint is the fulcrum. The muscle
musculoskeletal system correspond to the contraction pulling on its insertion point is the effort. The
components of a lever system? Describe the weight of the part to be moved is the resistance. A first
arrangement of these parts in first, second, class lever has the fulcrum between the effort and the
and third class lever systems. resistance; a second class lever has the resistance in the
middle; the third class lever has the effort in the middle. In all
cases, the lever moves around the fulcrum.
Discuss the roles of agonists, antagonists, The agonist (prime mover) contracts to cause a particular
synergists, and fixators in movement. movement. The antagonist causes the opposite action, and so,
must relax while the agonist contracts. Synergists prevent
unwanted movements during an action or aid the agonist
during the movement, while fixators stabilize the origin of the
agonist. Both allow the agonist to work more efficiently.
