NSG 3600/ NSG3600 Exam 3 – Children's
Health Guide| Galen (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions &
Answers | Grade A with rationales.
**1. A 4-month-old has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The
infant is fussy, and the anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes the
infant does not produce tears when crying. Which task will help confirm
the diagnosis of dehydration?**
A. Urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen.
B. Urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization.
C. Analysis of serum electrolytes.
D. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.
**Correct Answer: C. Analysis of serum electrolytes.**
**Rationale:** The analysis of serum electrolytes offers the most
information and assists with the diagnosis of dehydration. Infants have
a limited ability to concentrate urine, so urinalysis findings (answers A
and B) are not as helpful. A lumbar puncture (answer D) is used to
diagnose meningitis, not dehydration .
**2. A 4-month-old is brought to the emergency department with
severe dehydration. The heart rate is 198, and her blood pressure is
,68/38. The infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes that
the infant does not cry when the intravenous line is inserted. Which
would the nurse expect to do immediately?**
A. Administer a bolus of normal saline.
B. Administer a bolus of D10W.
C. Administer a bolus of normal saline with 5% dextrose added.
D. Offer the child an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte.
**Correct Answer: A. Administer a bolus of normal saline.**
**Rationale:** Severe dehydration is corrected with the administration
of an isotonic solution, such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's
solution. Solutions containing dextrose (answers B and C) should never
be administered in bolus form because they may result in cerebral
edema. Oral rehydration (answer D) is not recommended for severe
dehydration or for children with altered levels of consciousness .
**3. The parent of a 5-year-old states that the child has been having
diarrhea for 24 hours, vomited twice 2 hours ago, and now claims to be
thirsty. The parent asks what to offer the child because the child is
refusing Pedialyte. Which is the nurse's most appropriate response?**
A. "You can offer clear diet soda such as Sprite and ginger ale."
B. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child, who, if thirsty
enough, will eventually drink it."
,C. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child. Allow your child
some choice in the way to take it by offering small amounts in a spoon,
medicine cup, or syringe."
D. "It really does not matter what your child drinks as long as it is kept
down."
**Correct Answer: C.** "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child.
Allow your child some choice in the way to take it by offering small
amounts in a spoon, medicine cup, or syringe."
**Rationale:** Pedialyte is the first choice for rehydration, as
recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Offering the
child appropriate choices empowers them and reduces refusal. Offering
small, frequent amounts is better tolerated. Diet sodas are not
recommended because sugar is needed for sodium reabsorption.
Telling a parent their child will eventually drink it (answer B) is an
ultimatum that can lead to worsening dehydration .
**4. The nurse judges teaching as successful when the parent of a child
with myasthenia gravis states which of the following? Select all that
apply.**
A. “My child should play on the school’s basketball team.”
B. “My child should meditate every day.”
C. “My child should be allowed to do what other kids do.”
D. “My child should be watched carefully for signs of illness.”
E. “My child should sleep in my room so that I can watch him better.”
, **Correct Answer: C, D.**
**Rationale:** Children with myasthenia gravis should be encouraged
to do many things other children do but should avoid strenuous sports
(making A incorrect). They should be watched for signs of illness
because infections can exacerbate symptoms. While meditation might
be beneficial for some, it is not a required daily activity for all (making B
less universal). It is not recommended for children to sleep in the same
bedroom as their parents unless unavoidable (making E incorrect) .
**5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 9-
month-old with diarrhea secondary to rotavirus. The child has not
vomited and is mildly dehydrated. Which is likely to be included in the
discharge teaching?**
A. Administer loperamide (Imodium) as needed.
B. Administer bismuth subsalicylate (Kaopectate) as needed.
C. Continue breastfeeding per routine.
D. The infant may return to day care 24 hours after antibiotics have
been started.
**Correct Answer: C. Continue breastfeeding per routine.**
**Rationale:** Breastfeeding is usually well-tolerated during diarrheal
illness and helps prevent malabsorption. Antidiarrheal agents (answers
Health Guide| Galen (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions &
Answers | Grade A with rationales.
**1. A 4-month-old has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The
infant is fussy, and the anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes the
infant does not produce tears when crying. Which task will help confirm
the diagnosis of dehydration?**
A. Urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen.
B. Urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization.
C. Analysis of serum electrolytes.
D. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.
**Correct Answer: C. Analysis of serum electrolytes.**
**Rationale:** The analysis of serum electrolytes offers the most
information and assists with the diagnosis of dehydration. Infants have
a limited ability to concentrate urine, so urinalysis findings (answers A
and B) are not as helpful. A lumbar puncture (answer D) is used to
diagnose meningitis, not dehydration .
**2. A 4-month-old is brought to the emergency department with
severe dehydration. The heart rate is 198, and her blood pressure is
,68/38. The infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes that
the infant does not cry when the intravenous line is inserted. Which
would the nurse expect to do immediately?**
A. Administer a bolus of normal saline.
B. Administer a bolus of D10W.
C. Administer a bolus of normal saline with 5% dextrose added.
D. Offer the child an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte.
**Correct Answer: A. Administer a bolus of normal saline.**
**Rationale:** Severe dehydration is corrected with the administration
of an isotonic solution, such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's
solution. Solutions containing dextrose (answers B and C) should never
be administered in bolus form because they may result in cerebral
edema. Oral rehydration (answer D) is not recommended for severe
dehydration or for children with altered levels of consciousness .
**3. The parent of a 5-year-old states that the child has been having
diarrhea for 24 hours, vomited twice 2 hours ago, and now claims to be
thirsty. The parent asks what to offer the child because the child is
refusing Pedialyte. Which is the nurse's most appropriate response?**
A. "You can offer clear diet soda such as Sprite and ginger ale."
B. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child, who, if thirsty
enough, will eventually drink it."
,C. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child. Allow your child
some choice in the way to take it by offering small amounts in a spoon,
medicine cup, or syringe."
D. "It really does not matter what your child drinks as long as it is kept
down."
**Correct Answer: C.** "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child.
Allow your child some choice in the way to take it by offering small
amounts in a spoon, medicine cup, or syringe."
**Rationale:** Pedialyte is the first choice for rehydration, as
recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Offering the
child appropriate choices empowers them and reduces refusal. Offering
small, frequent amounts is better tolerated. Diet sodas are not
recommended because sugar is needed for sodium reabsorption.
Telling a parent their child will eventually drink it (answer B) is an
ultimatum that can lead to worsening dehydration .
**4. The nurse judges teaching as successful when the parent of a child
with myasthenia gravis states which of the following? Select all that
apply.**
A. “My child should play on the school’s basketball team.”
B. “My child should meditate every day.”
C. “My child should be allowed to do what other kids do.”
D. “My child should be watched carefully for signs of illness.”
E. “My child should sleep in my room so that I can watch him better.”
, **Correct Answer: C, D.**
**Rationale:** Children with myasthenia gravis should be encouraged
to do many things other children do but should avoid strenuous sports
(making A incorrect). They should be watched for signs of illness
because infections can exacerbate symptoms. While meditation might
be beneficial for some, it is not a required daily activity for all (making B
less universal). It is not recommended for children to sleep in the same
bedroom as their parents unless unavoidable (making E incorrect) .
**5. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 9-
month-old with diarrhea secondary to rotavirus. The child has not
vomited and is mildly dehydrated. Which is likely to be included in the
discharge teaching?**
A. Administer loperamide (Imodium) as needed.
B. Administer bismuth subsalicylate (Kaopectate) as needed.
C. Continue breastfeeding per routine.
D. The infant may return to day care 24 hours after antibiotics have
been started.
**Correct Answer: C. Continue breastfeeding per routine.**
**Rationale:** Breastfeeding is usually well-tolerated during diarrheal
illness and helps prevent malabsorption. Antidiarrheal agents (answers
