NUR2115/NUR 2115 Exam 1 V1 |
Fundamentals of Professional
Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is conducting a health history for a new patient. Which of the following is
considered subjective data?
A. The patient states, ‘I feel very dizzy when I stand up.’
B. The patient’s blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg.
C. The nurse observes a small bruise on the patient’s left arm.
D. The patient’s heart rate is 72 beats per minute.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Subjective data refers to information that the patient expresses about
their symptoms or feelings. This data cannot be directly observed or measured by the
nurse and is often referred to as symptoms. In this case, the sensation of dizziness is a
personal experience reported by the patient rather than a measurable clinical finding.
2. In the nursing process, what is the primary purpose of the ‘Planning’ phase?
A. To collect data regarding the patient’s condition.
B. To carry out the nursing interventions.
,C. To establish goals and expected outcomes.
D. To determine if the patient has met their goals.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The planning phase involves the nurse collaborating with the patient
to develop a plan of care. During this stage, measurable goals and expected outcomes are
established to address the nursing diagnoses. This phase provides a roadmap for the
subsequent implementation of nursing interventions.
3. Which link in the chain of infection is broken by effective hand hygiene?
A. Reservoir
B. Mode of transmission
C. Susceptible host
D. Portal of entry
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of
microorganisms by breaking the mode of transmission link. By washing hands, the nurse
prevents the physical transfer of pathogens from one person or surface to another. This
simple intervention is crucial for maintaining a safe healthcare environment and protecting
patients.
, 4. A nurse identifies that a patient is experiencing bradypnea. What does this term indicate?
A. A respiratory rate less than 12 breaths per minute.
B. A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute.
C. A respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute.
D. An absence of breathing.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Bradypnea is defined as an abnormally slow respiratory rate,
typically less than 12 breaths per minute in an adult. This condition can be caused by
various factors, including medication side effects or neurological issues. Monitoring the
respiratory rate is a vital part of the physical assessment to ensure adequate oxygenation.
5. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm to the patient?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Nonmaleficence is the ethical duty to avoid causing harm to the
patient, either intentionally or through negligence. Nurses must weigh the risks and
Fundamentals of Professional
Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is conducting a health history for a new patient. Which of the following is
considered subjective data?
A. The patient states, ‘I feel very dizzy when I stand up.’
B. The patient’s blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg.
C. The nurse observes a small bruise on the patient’s left arm.
D. The patient’s heart rate is 72 beats per minute.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Subjective data refers to information that the patient expresses about
their symptoms or feelings. This data cannot be directly observed or measured by the
nurse and is often referred to as symptoms. In this case, the sensation of dizziness is a
personal experience reported by the patient rather than a measurable clinical finding.
2. In the nursing process, what is the primary purpose of the ‘Planning’ phase?
A. To collect data regarding the patient’s condition.
B. To carry out the nursing interventions.
,C. To establish goals and expected outcomes.
D. To determine if the patient has met their goals.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The planning phase involves the nurse collaborating with the patient
to develop a plan of care. During this stage, measurable goals and expected outcomes are
established to address the nursing diagnoses. This phase provides a roadmap for the
subsequent implementation of nursing interventions.
3. Which link in the chain of infection is broken by effective hand hygiene?
A. Reservoir
B. Mode of transmission
C. Susceptible host
D. Portal of entry
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of
microorganisms by breaking the mode of transmission link. By washing hands, the nurse
prevents the physical transfer of pathogens from one person or surface to another. This
simple intervention is crucial for maintaining a safe healthcare environment and protecting
patients.
, 4. A nurse identifies that a patient is experiencing bradypnea. What does this term indicate?
A. A respiratory rate less than 12 breaths per minute.
B. A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute.
C. A respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute.
D. An absence of breathing.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Bradypnea is defined as an abnormally slow respiratory rate,
typically less than 12 breaths per minute in an adult. This condition can be caused by
various factors, including medication side effects or neurological issues. Monitoring the
respiratory rate is a vital part of the physical assessment to ensure adequate oxygenation.
5. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm to the patient?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Nonmaleficence is the ethical duty to avoid causing harm to the
patient, either intentionally or through negligence. Nurses must weigh the risks and
