NUR2115/NUR 2115 Exam 1 V2 |
Fundamentals of Professional
Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of subjective and
objective data?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Assessment
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The assessment phase is the first step of the nursing process where
data is gathered. This includes information provided by the patient as well as clinical
observations made by the nurse. A comprehensive assessment provides the foundation for
all subsequent nursing care decisions.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is considered the highest
priority for a client?
A. Self-actualization
,B. Safety and security
C. Love and belonging
D. Physiological needs
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Physiological needs such as oxygen, water, and food are essential for
survival and must be met first. Maslow’s hierarchy dictates that basic biological
requirements take precedence over psychological or social needs. Nurses use this
framework to prioritize care for patients with multiple health issues.
3. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. What is the most important factor in preventing the
spread of microorganisms?
A. The temperature of the water
B. Friction during rubbing
C. The type of soap used
D. The brand of paper towels
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Friction is the physical action that loosens and removes transient
flora from the skin’s surface. While soap helps emulsify oils, it is the mechanical action of
rubbing that effectively cleans the hands. The CDC emphasizes that thorough friction for at
least 15-20 seconds is vital for effective handwashing.
, 4. When assessing a patient’s blood pressure, the nurse notes the cuff is too small for the
patient’s arm. What is the likely result?
A. An accurate reading if the patient is relaxed
B. A falsely low reading
C. No effect on the reading
D. A falsely high reading
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too narrow or small will result in a
reading that is inaccurately high. The cuff must be sized appropriately to the circumference
of the patient’s limb to ensure even pressure distribution. Choosing the correct equipment
is a fundamental aspect of obtaining accurate vital signs.
5. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do good and act in the best
interest of the patient?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Correct Answer: A
Fundamentals of Professional
Nursing Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of subjective and
objective data?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Assessment
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The assessment phase is the first step of the nursing process where
data is gathered. This includes information provided by the patient as well as clinical
observations made by the nurse. A comprehensive assessment provides the foundation for
all subsequent nursing care decisions.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is considered the highest
priority for a client?
A. Self-actualization
,B. Safety and security
C. Love and belonging
D. Physiological needs
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Physiological needs such as oxygen, water, and food are essential for
survival and must be met first. Maslow’s hierarchy dictates that basic biological
requirements take precedence over psychological or social needs. Nurses use this
framework to prioritize care for patients with multiple health issues.
3. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. What is the most important factor in preventing the
spread of microorganisms?
A. The temperature of the water
B. Friction during rubbing
C. The type of soap used
D. The brand of paper towels
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Friction is the physical action that loosens and removes transient
flora from the skin’s surface. While soap helps emulsify oils, it is the mechanical action of
rubbing that effectively cleans the hands. The CDC emphasizes that thorough friction for at
least 15-20 seconds is vital for effective handwashing.
, 4. When assessing a patient’s blood pressure, the nurse notes the cuff is too small for the
patient’s arm. What is the likely result?
A. An accurate reading if the patient is relaxed
B. A falsely low reading
C. No effect on the reading
D. A falsely high reading
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too narrow or small will result in a
reading that is inaccurately high. The cuff must be sized appropriately to the circumference
of the patient’s limb to ensure even pressure distribution. Choosing the correct equipment
is a fundamental aspect of obtaining accurate vital signs.
5. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do good and act in the best
interest of the patient?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
Correct Answer: A
