Brenner
Brenner andAND STEVENS’
and Stevens’
Stevens’ PHARMACOLOGY
Pharmacology BRENNER
Pharmacology
6th Edition AND
6th Edition
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PHARMACOLOGY
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Pharmacology
A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a computed
tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers
chemotherapy to patients who have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse
administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a
routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology
1. best describes the actions of all three nurses?
A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
Actual answer: B
Rationale:
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved with
clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology that
deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse
is administering a drug to help diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a
drug to help treat a disease.
Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy. Pharmacodynamics
involves how a drug affects the body and pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.
A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours
as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware this drug has a high
abuse potential. Under what category would morphine
2. be classified?
A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Schedule IV
Actual answer: B
Rationale:
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, BRENNER
Brenner
Brenner andAND STEVENS’
and Stevens’
Stevens’ PHARMACOLOGY
Pharmacology BRENNER
Pharmacology
6th Edition AND
6th Edition
– STEVENS’
6TH
Test EDITION
–Bank
Test Bank TEST
PHARMACOLOGY
Practice BRENNER
BANK.pdf
Practice
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and STEVENS’
6TH
Exam
and EDITION
Exam
PreparationTEST
PHARMACOLOGY
PreparationBANK.pdf 6TH EDITION TEST BANK.pdf
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Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs because of
severe dependence liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted
medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential than II and an accepted
medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abuse potential and limited dependence liability.
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities would
3. the nurse have?
A) Working with animals who are given experimental drugs
B) Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the drug study
C) Monitoring and observing patients closely for adverse effects
D) Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the drug
Ans: C
Rationale:
Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which
patients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking the
drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the information
to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but would not
conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe medications. Use
of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials. Select patients who are
involved in phase II studies to participate in studies where the participants have
the disease the drug is intended to treat. These patients are monitored closely for
drug action and adverse effects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteers
who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse
effects and toxicity.
What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for brand name
4. drugs?
A) Bioavailability
B) Critical concentration
C) Distribution
D) Half-life
Actual answer: A
Rationale:
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, BRENNER
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Brenner andAND STEVENS’
and Stevens’
Stevens’ PHARMACOLOGY
Pharmacology BRENNER
Pharmacology
6th Edition AND
6th Edition
– STEVENS’
6TH
Test EDITION
–Bank
Test Bank TEST
PHARMACOLOGY
Practice BRENNER
BANK.pdf
Practice
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and STEVENS’
6TH
Exam
and EDITION
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Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and
is available to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic drug may not be the same as
those used in the brand name drug. Therefore, the way the body breaks down and uses
the drug may differ, which may eliminate a generic drug substitution. Critical
concentration is the amount of a drug that is needed to cause a therapeutic effect and
should not differ between generic and brand name medications. Distribution is the phase
of pharmacokinetics, which involves the movement of a drug to the bodys tissues and is
the same in generic and brand name drugs. A drugs half-life is the time it takes for the
amount of drug to decrease to half the peak level, which should not change when
substituting a generic medication.
A nurse is assessing the patients home medication use. After listening to the
5. patient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question?
A) Do you take any generic medications?Are any of these medications orphan
drugs?
B) Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?
C) Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
Ans: D
Feedback:
It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-counter
medications because patients may not consider them important. The patient is
unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are health care
providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or classification
of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer but could be
found in reference books if the nurse wishes to research them.
After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurse
6. know?
A) Everything necessary for safe and effective medication administration Current
pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require ongoing
B) education for 5 years.
General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for specific
C) drug information.
D) The drug actions that are associated with each classification of medication Actual
answer: C
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, BRENNER
Brenner
Brenner andAND STEVENS’
and Stevens’
Stevens’ PHARMACOLOGY
Pharmacology BRENNER
Pharmacology
6th Edition AND
6th Edition
– STEVENS’
6TH
Test EDITION
–Bank
Test Bank TEST
PHARMACOLOGY
Practice BRENNER
BANK.pdf
Practice
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6TH
Exam
and EDITION
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PHARMACOLOGY
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Rationale:
After completing a pharmacology course nurses will have general drug information
needed for safe and effective medication administration but will need to consult a drug
guide for specific drug information before administering any medication. Pharmacology is
constantly changing, with new drugs entering the market and new uses for existing drugs
identified. Continuing education in pharmacology is essential to safe practice. Nurses
tend to become familiar with the medications they administer most often, but there will
always be a need to research new drugs and also those the nurse is not familiar with
because no nurse knows all medications.
A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus
7. from a Pregnancy Category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patient?
Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated there is no risk to
A) the fetus.
Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have
B) been no adequate studies in pregnant women.
Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no
C) adequate studies in pregnant women.
There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from use of
D) the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks.
Actual answer: B
Rationale:
Category B indicates that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus.
However, there have not been adequate studies in pregnant women to demonstrate risk
to a fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy and no evidence of risk in later trimesters.
Category A indicates that adequate studies in pregnant women have not demonstrated a
risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in later trimesters. Category C indicates that animal
studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but no adequate studies in humans.
Category D reveals evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of
the drugs in pregnant women may outweigh potential risks.
Discharge planning for patients leaving the hospital should include instructions on the
use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Which comment by the patient
8. would demonstrate a good understanding of OTC drugs?
A) OTC drugs are safe and do not cause adverse effects if taken properly.
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