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ACOLS lymphedema EXAM Science \Biology\ Pathology
Lymphedema is usually unilateral, and when it is bilateral it is always?
ANSWERS: Asymmetrical
Why is water important to the lymphatic system ?
ANSWERS:
Water provides nutrients to the tissue
Net filtrate: (LL) of H2O) --> Net filtration(10-20%)
Reabsorption: water picks up waste products (80-90%) is reabsorbed
in the BC's.
Filtration: water leaves the arterial end of the (BC's) and is reabsorbed
at the venous end of the (BC's)
The percentage of water that becomes Lymphatic Load is also known
as
ANSWERS: Net Filtrate
, What are proteins?
Why are proteins important?
ANSWERS:
Macromolecules that provide cell nutrition, aid in immune
defense (albumin/globulin), and aid in blood coagulation
(fibrinogen)
-Proteins are hydrophilic molecules
-There are usually 300-400 grams of protein in the blood at any
given time Transport substances: (water, fats, vitamins (K &D), and
hormones, and they help to maintain a pressure gradient between
blood and tissue
Who is responsible for removing proteins from the tissue spaces ?
ANSWERS: The (LS) is responsible for removing proteins from the
tissue spaces and return them to the venous system through lymph
nodes during normal physiological conditions
What percentage of the total circulating blood proteins leave the
capillaries and move into the interstitial space in 24 hr?
ANSWERS: About 50%
Where do proteins end-up after leaving the blood capillaries ?
ANSWERS: The interstitial space
, How do proteins get back into the blood?
ANSWERS: The Lymphatic system
How are large molecules able to fit into the lymph capillaries?
ANSWERS: -Lymph capillaries are larger than blood capillaries
-They have a single layer wall of endothelial cells
-The anchoring filaments pull on the cell wall to open up "gates"
when the pressure in the interstitial space is increased
What are "fats" ?
How are "fats" reabsorbed ?
ANSWERS:
Lipids: are one of the main molecules needed to maintain the
proper health of the human body. They aid in building the cellular
membrane other functions it performs include insulation, energy
storage, protection, and
cellular communication
SCFA: are reabsorbed by the venous system
LCFA: are re-synthesized into "Chylomikrons" and are reabsorbed
by the (LS) lymph vessels of the small intestine as part of the (LL)
, Where does the fat portion of the Lymphatic Load (LL) come from?
ANSWERS: Chylous vessels of the small intestine
What is the pathway of lymph that comes from the intestines?
ANSWERS: Gastrointestinal trunk --> Cisterna Chyli --> Thoracic
Duct --> Left Venous Angle
Where is the Cisterna Chyli Located?
ANSWERS: Anterior to vertebrae T11-L2