Law of Property 2022
Law of Property 22 | Complete Study Notes, Case Summaries & Exam
Preparation Guide
methods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a
solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or
statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the different methods
and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of past exams and
time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics ExamsWhile business, law, and
mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a complestudents for leadership and management roles in various
industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics
Contents
Introduction: Outline of the Law of Property – Ch. 1 ....................................................... 4
Outline.............................................................................................................................. 4
The legal concepts of property – Ch. 2............................................................................. 7
Outline.............................................................................................................................. 7
Characteristics of Things ................................................................................................ 7
Defining a thing ........................................................................................................... 9
Classification of things...................................................................................................... 10
Constitutional concept of property ............................................................................... 11
Constitution, Movable, Incorporeals ........................................................................ 11
Classification according to negotiability ...................................................................... 11
Classification according to nature of things ................................................................ 13
Case Law....................................................................................................................... 16
The Concept of Rights – Ch. 3 ........................................................................................ 16
Outline............................................................................................................................ 16
Conventional Categories of Rights .............................................................................. 17
The distinction between real rights and personal rights ............................................ 17
Courts approach to the distinction between real and personal rights .................. 20
Principle of Publicity and Doctrine of Notice............................................................... 24
Principle of Publicity .................................................................................................. 24
Doctrine of Notice ..................................................................................................... 25
General Principles of Ownership – Ch. 5 ....................................................................... 27
1
,Law of Property 2022
Outline............................................................................................................................ 27
Content of Ownership ................................................................................................... 28
Definition of ownership ............................................................................................. 28
Content and entitlements of ownership................................................................... 28
Forms of Ownership ..................................................................................................... 30
Individual title aka Freehold Title ............................................................................. 30
Co-ownership (aka joint title aka ownership in common) ...................................... 31
Alternative Forms of Title ............................................................................................. 33
Sectional Title Schemes ........................................................................................... 33
Share-block schemes ............................................................................................... 34
Time-share Schemes ................................................................................................ 34
Retirement Schemes ................................................................................................ 35
Communal Property Associations ............................................................................ 35
Indigenous Land Rights............................................................................................ 36
Limitations of ownership – Ch. 6 ..................................................................................... 37
Outline............................................................................................................................ 37
Types of limitations ................................................................................................... 37
Constitutional Limitations – s 25 .................................................................................. 37
Expropriation.............................................................................................................. 38
Deprivation and Expropriation .................................................................................. 39
Constitutionality of s 25 infringements .................................................................... 39
Private law limitations: Neighbour law ........................................................................ 40
Outcomes .................................................................................................................. 40
Neighbour Law <3..................................................................................................... 41
Town Planning/Planning Law ....................................................................................... 46
Public-law restrictions ............................................................................................... 46
students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A
typical business promethods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to
reach a solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry,
calculus, or statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the
2
,Law of Property 2022
different methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular
practice of past exams and time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and methods
to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a
solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or
statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the different
methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of
past exams and time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics
ExamsWhile business, law, and mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a comple
Acquisition of ownership – Ch. 7 ............................................................................. 50
Outline............................................................................................................................ 50
Acquisition of ownership – forms ................................................................................. 50
Derivative Acquisition of Ownership ............................................................................ 60
Transfer of ownership as a separate legal concept ............................................... 60
Transfer of ownership as a juristic act ..................................................................... 61
Real agreement (subjective mental element) ......................................................... 61
Delivery and Registration (objective physical element) ......................................... 63
Protection of ownership – Ch. 8 ...................................................................................... 66
Outline............................................................................................................................ 66
Remedies....................................................................................................................... 67
Real remedies ........................................................................................................... 67
Delictual remedies .................................................................................................... 67
Rei vindicatio ................................................................................................................. 67
Requirements ............................................................................................................ 67
Normal onus of proof ................................................................................................ 68
Defences against rei vindicatio .................................................................................... 68
General defences ...................................................................................................... 69
Limitations of rei vindication – Prevention of Illegal Eviction & Unlawful Occupation of
Land Act 19 of 1998.......................................................................................................... 69
Limitations on the use of rei vindicatio ........................................................................ 69
Statutory Limitation ................................................................................................... 69
Right to housing: Const. s 26 ................................................................................... 70
What is eviction? ....................................................................................................... 70
Procedure .................................................................................................................. 71
3
, Law of Property 2022
Introduction: Outline of the Law of Property – Ch. 1
Outline
1. Meaning of “property”
2. Function & place of property law
3. Scope & sources of property law
a. AJ Van der Walt “Property and Constitution” 2012 PULP 19-43
b. H Mostert and A Pope (eds) The Principles of The Law of Property in
South Africa (2010) students fmethods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical
structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving
problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or statistics.3.4.
Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to
understand the different methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying
principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of past exams and time management are crucial to ensure
success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics ExamsWhile business,
law, and mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a compleor
leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding
organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics
Meaning of “Property” Reference
People’s rights over in or over certain objects or things
Right of ownership in a legal object
Legal object to which the right of ownership relates
Tangible v intangible objects Mostert, p. 5.
Legal relationships that qualify for constitutional protection under const.
property clause
Function of Property Law
Balance different individual interests in respect of property
Guarantee & protect individual and group rights to property
Control the relationship between natural & juristic persons,
Δ the things to which they are entitled
Δ and rights + obligations that arise from these relationships between
persons in respect of things p. 6
Social function to balance competing interests
Place of Property Law
4
Law of Property 22 | Complete Study Notes, Case Summaries & Exam
Preparation Guide
methods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a
solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or
statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the different methods
and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of past exams and
time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics ExamsWhile business, law, and
mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a complestudents for leadership and management roles in various
industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics
Contents
Introduction: Outline of the Law of Property – Ch. 1 ....................................................... 4
Outline.............................................................................................................................. 4
The legal concepts of property – Ch. 2............................................................................. 7
Outline.............................................................................................................................. 7
Characteristics of Things ................................................................................................ 7
Defining a thing ........................................................................................................... 9
Classification of things...................................................................................................... 10
Constitutional concept of property ............................................................................... 11
Constitution, Movable, Incorporeals ........................................................................ 11
Classification according to negotiability ...................................................................... 11
Classification according to nature of things ................................................................ 13
Case Law....................................................................................................................... 16
The Concept of Rights – Ch. 3 ........................................................................................ 16
Outline............................................................................................................................ 16
Conventional Categories of Rights .............................................................................. 17
The distinction between real rights and personal rights ............................................ 17
Courts approach to the distinction between real and personal rights .................. 20
Principle of Publicity and Doctrine of Notice............................................................... 24
Principle of Publicity .................................................................................................. 24
Doctrine of Notice ..................................................................................................... 25
General Principles of Ownership – Ch. 5 ....................................................................... 27
1
,Law of Property 2022
Outline............................................................................................................................ 27
Content of Ownership ................................................................................................... 28
Definition of ownership ............................................................................................. 28
Content and entitlements of ownership................................................................... 28
Forms of Ownership ..................................................................................................... 30
Individual title aka Freehold Title ............................................................................. 30
Co-ownership (aka joint title aka ownership in common) ...................................... 31
Alternative Forms of Title ............................................................................................. 33
Sectional Title Schemes ........................................................................................... 33
Share-block schemes ............................................................................................... 34
Time-share Schemes ................................................................................................ 34
Retirement Schemes ................................................................................................ 35
Communal Property Associations ............................................................................ 35
Indigenous Land Rights............................................................................................ 36
Limitations of ownership – Ch. 6 ..................................................................................... 37
Outline............................................................................................................................ 37
Types of limitations ................................................................................................... 37
Constitutional Limitations – s 25 .................................................................................. 37
Expropriation.............................................................................................................. 38
Deprivation and Expropriation .................................................................................. 39
Constitutionality of s 25 infringements .................................................................... 39
Private law limitations: Neighbour law ........................................................................ 40
Outcomes .................................................................................................................. 40
Neighbour Law <3..................................................................................................... 41
Town Planning/Planning Law ....................................................................................... 46
Public-law restrictions ............................................................................................... 46
students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A
typical business promethods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to
reach a solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry,
calculus, or statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the
2
,Law of Property 2022
different methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular
practice of past exams and time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and methods
to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a
solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or
statistics.3.4. Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to understand the different
methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of
past exams and time management are crucial to ensure success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics
ExamsWhile business, law, and mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a comple
Acquisition of ownership – Ch. 7 ............................................................................. 50
Outline............................................................................................................................ 50
Acquisition of ownership – forms ................................................................................. 50
Derivative Acquisition of Ownership ............................................................................ 60
Transfer of ownership as a separate legal concept ............................................... 60
Transfer of ownership as a juristic act ..................................................................... 61
Real agreement (subjective mental element) ......................................................... 61
Delivery and Registration (objective physical element) ......................................... 63
Protection of ownership – Ch. 8 ...................................................................................... 66
Outline............................................................................................................................ 66
Remedies....................................................................................................................... 67
Real remedies ........................................................................................................... 67
Delictual remedies .................................................................................................... 67
Rei vindicatio ................................................................................................................. 67
Requirements ............................................................................................................ 67
Normal onus of proof ................................................................................................ 68
Defences against rei vindicatio .................................................................................... 68
General defences ...................................................................................................... 69
Limitations of rei vindication – Prevention of Illegal Eviction & Unlawful Occupation of
Land Act 19 of 1998.......................................................................................................... 69
Limitations on the use of rei vindicatio ........................................................................ 69
Statutory Limitation ................................................................................................... 69
Right to housing: Const. s 26 ................................................................................... 70
What is eviction? ....................................................................................................... 70
Procedure .................................................................................................................. 71
3
, Law of Property 2022
Introduction: Outline of the Law of Property – Ch. 1
Outline
1. Meaning of “property”
2. Function & place of property law
3. Scope & sources of property law
a. AJ Van der Walt “Property and Constitution” 2012 PULP 19-43
b. H Mostert and A Pope (eds) The Principles of The Law of Property in
South Africa (2010) students fmethods to reach the correct solution.Logical Reasoning: Mathematics is rooted in logical
structures, and apply mathematical principles in the correct sequence to reach a solution.Understanding of Concepts: Beyond solving
problems, mathematics exams test students’ conceptual understanding of core topics, such as algebra, geometry, calculus, or statistics.3.4.
Preparing for Mathematics ExamsMathematics requires consistent practice. Students should focus on solving a wide variety of problems to
understand the different methods and strategies that can be applied. A solid foundation in theory is also necessary to grasp the underlying
principles that guide mathematical procedures. Regular practice of past exams and time management are crucial to ensure
success.________________________________________4. Comparisons Between Business, Law, and Mathematics ExamsWhile business,
law, and mathematics exams differ significantly in content and structure, there are some case, interpreting legal issues, or solving a compleor
leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding
organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics
Meaning of “Property” Reference
People’s rights over in or over certain objects or things
Right of ownership in a legal object
Legal object to which the right of ownership relates
Tangible v intangible objects Mostert, p. 5.
Legal relationships that qualify for constitutional protection under const.
property clause
Function of Property Law
Balance different individual interests in respect of property
Guarantee & protect individual and group rights to property
Control the relationship between natural & juristic persons,
Δ the things to which they are entitled
Δ and rights + obligations that arise from these relationships between
persons in respect of things p. 6
Social function to balance competing interests
Place of Property Law
4
