NR565 ADVANCED PHARM MIDTERM QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS
A patient experiences an acute gouty episode despite taking nonsteroidal. At an
earlier visit, Raphael and the NP had discussed initiating probenecid. Which of the
following is the best course of action given Raphael's acute gouty episode?
correct answer the probenecid therapy will be delayed until the acute episode has
subsided.
A patient is taking warfarin and presents to the clinic stating they misunderstood
the directions and have been taking twice as much as was prescribed. The patient
does not have any obvious hematomas or petechiae and denies complaints of
pain. What diagnostic test will the provider order to assess the patient's current
condition? correct answer A prothrombin time (PR) and in international
normalized ratio (INR)
ACE Inhibitors & ARB correct answer ACE (-pril)
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (prevent formation of angiotensin II, so
prevents vasoconstriction)
ARB (-sartan) Angiotensin receptor blocker
Renal protective but still need to monitor creatinine. Contraindicated with severe
renal artery stenosis. Monitor for HYPERkalemia, especially with CKD.
Do not use with ARB.
Stop if cough or facial swelling.
,ACEIs and ARBS will precipitate acute renal failure when correct answer bilateral
renal artery stenosis is present
Acetaminophen correct answer Mild to moderate pain, fever
Not anti-inflammatory
Max 4g/day (risk for hepatotoxicity)
Action of diuretics correct answer Increases the amount of fluid excretion via the
renal system
Admlodipine - common dose, directions for use, indication, and how to calculate
quantity correct answer Amlodipine (Norvasc) îs a calcium channel blocker that is
used to treat hypertension. Typically, patients take 5-10mg/day.
Agonists & Antagonists correct answer Agonists mimic the body's own regulatory
molecules and activate receptors. Ex. Dobutamine (drug) mimics norepinephrine
at receptors on the heart, allowing it to bind and cause the heart rate to increase.
Antagonists block the actions of regulating molecules. They do not activate
receptors. Ex. Antihistamines suppress allergy symptoms by binding to the
receptors of histamine and preventing activation of these receptors by histamine
released in response to allergens.
,Alendronate is prescribed for Loretta who has postmenopausal osteoporosis.
What patient education information is important to share with Loretta? correct
answer take the medication with plenty of water and remain upright for at least
30 minutes
Andre was newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and methotrexate was
prescribed. What is the strongest rationale for prescribing methotrexate? correct
answer Starting methotrexate early can help delay joint degeneration
At what age can statin drugs be prescribed? correct answer Statin drugs are
approved in children over age 10
Beta blockers with nitroglycerine and tachycardia correct answer Beta blockers
can suppress nitroglycerin-induced tachycardia
Black box warnings (what they are & why they are issued) correct answer The
strongest safety warning a drug can have while staying on the market. Required
by FDA.
Ex. NSAIDS can cause thromboembolic events and GI bleeding
Ex. ACE inhibitors contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy because
they can injure the fetus
Buprenorphone/Naloxone (benefits of using this combination) correct answer
Buprenorphine (Suboxone) can be prescribed in general medical settings. It
alleviates cravings and reduces the use of illicit drugs.
, With the combination of buprenorphine and naloxone (ex. Bunavail), the
naloxone discourages IV abuse.
Calcium channel blockers correct answer Amlodipine
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Verapamil
Act on arterioles to cause vasodilation and decrease heart rate
Check BP, HR, liver and kidney function at baseline, but no routine monitoring
required.
Risk for reflex tachycardia, which can be suppressed with a beta blocker.
Calcium supplementation varies with age. Current recommendations include
correct answer adolescents 1300 mg daily; young adults 1000 mg daily; older
adults 1200 mg daily
Chelo received a prescription for hydroxychloroquine for her newly diagnosed
rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following diagnostic tests should be ordered as
a baseline for status monitoring? correct answer eye exam
Colchicine - common dose, directions for use, indication, and how to calculate
quantity correct answer Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory medication for gout.
ACCURATE ANSWERS
A patient experiences an acute gouty episode despite taking nonsteroidal. At an
earlier visit, Raphael and the NP had discussed initiating probenecid. Which of the
following is the best course of action given Raphael's acute gouty episode?
correct answer the probenecid therapy will be delayed until the acute episode has
subsided.
A patient is taking warfarin and presents to the clinic stating they misunderstood
the directions and have been taking twice as much as was prescribed. The patient
does not have any obvious hematomas or petechiae and denies complaints of
pain. What diagnostic test will the provider order to assess the patient's current
condition? correct answer A prothrombin time (PR) and in international
normalized ratio (INR)
ACE Inhibitors & ARB correct answer ACE (-pril)
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (prevent formation of angiotensin II, so
prevents vasoconstriction)
ARB (-sartan) Angiotensin receptor blocker
Renal protective but still need to monitor creatinine. Contraindicated with severe
renal artery stenosis. Monitor for HYPERkalemia, especially with CKD.
Do not use with ARB.
Stop if cough or facial swelling.
,ACEIs and ARBS will precipitate acute renal failure when correct answer bilateral
renal artery stenosis is present
Acetaminophen correct answer Mild to moderate pain, fever
Not anti-inflammatory
Max 4g/day (risk for hepatotoxicity)
Action of diuretics correct answer Increases the amount of fluid excretion via the
renal system
Admlodipine - common dose, directions for use, indication, and how to calculate
quantity correct answer Amlodipine (Norvasc) îs a calcium channel blocker that is
used to treat hypertension. Typically, patients take 5-10mg/day.
Agonists & Antagonists correct answer Agonists mimic the body's own regulatory
molecules and activate receptors. Ex. Dobutamine (drug) mimics norepinephrine
at receptors on the heart, allowing it to bind and cause the heart rate to increase.
Antagonists block the actions of regulating molecules. They do not activate
receptors. Ex. Antihistamines suppress allergy symptoms by binding to the
receptors of histamine and preventing activation of these receptors by histamine
released in response to allergens.
,Alendronate is prescribed for Loretta who has postmenopausal osteoporosis.
What patient education information is important to share with Loretta? correct
answer take the medication with plenty of water and remain upright for at least
30 minutes
Andre was newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and methotrexate was
prescribed. What is the strongest rationale for prescribing methotrexate? correct
answer Starting methotrexate early can help delay joint degeneration
At what age can statin drugs be prescribed? correct answer Statin drugs are
approved in children over age 10
Beta blockers with nitroglycerine and tachycardia correct answer Beta blockers
can suppress nitroglycerin-induced tachycardia
Black box warnings (what they are & why they are issued) correct answer The
strongest safety warning a drug can have while staying on the market. Required
by FDA.
Ex. NSAIDS can cause thromboembolic events and GI bleeding
Ex. ACE inhibitors contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy because
they can injure the fetus
Buprenorphone/Naloxone (benefits of using this combination) correct answer
Buprenorphine (Suboxone) can be prescribed in general medical settings. It
alleviates cravings and reduces the use of illicit drugs.
, With the combination of buprenorphine and naloxone (ex. Bunavail), the
naloxone discourages IV abuse.
Calcium channel blockers correct answer Amlodipine
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Verapamil
Act on arterioles to cause vasodilation and decrease heart rate
Check BP, HR, liver and kidney function at baseline, but no routine monitoring
required.
Risk for reflex tachycardia, which can be suppressed with a beta blocker.
Calcium supplementation varies with age. Current recommendations include
correct answer adolescents 1300 mg daily; young adults 1000 mg daily; older
adults 1200 mg daily
Chelo received a prescription for hydroxychloroquine for her newly diagnosed
rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following diagnostic tests should be ordered as
a baseline for status monitoring? correct answer eye exam
Colchicine - common dose, directions for use, indication, and how to calculate
quantity correct answer Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory medication for gout.
