NR224 Fundamentals Exam with Questions and Solutions

NR224 Fundamentals Exam with Questions and Solutions A nurse is evaluating a nursing assistive personnel's (NAP) care for a patient with an indwelling catheter. Which action by the NAP will cause the nurse to intervene? a. Emptying the drainage bag when half full b. Kinking the catheter tubing to obtain a urine specimen c. Placing the drainage bag on the side rail of the patient's bed d. Securing the catheter tubing to the patient's thigh ANSWER ANS: C Placing the drainage bag on the side rail of the bed could allow the bag to be raised above the level of the bladder and urine to flow back into the bladder. The urine in the drainage bag is a medium for bacteria; allowing it to reenter the bladder can cause infection. A key intervention to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections is prevention of urine back flow from the tubing and bag into the bladder. All the rest are correct procedures and do not require follow-up. The drainage bag should be emptied when half full; an overfull drainage bag can create tension and pulling on the catheter, resulting in trauma to the urethra and/or urinary meatus and increasing risk for urinary tract infections. Urine specimens are obtained by temporarily kinking the tubing; a prolonged kink could lead to bladder distention. Failure to secure the catheter to the patient's thigh places the patient at risk for tissue injury from catheter dislodgment. A nurse is caring for a patient with a continent urinary reservoir. Which action will the nurse take? a. Teach the patient how to self-cath the pouch. b. Teach the patient how to perform Kegel exercises. c. Teach the patient how to change the collection pouch. d. Teach the patient how to void using the Valsalva technique. ANSWER ANS: A In a continent urinary reservoir, the ileocecal valve creates a one-way valve in the pouch through which a catheter is inserted through the stoma to empty the urine from the pouch. Patients must be willing and able to catheterize the pouch 4 to 6 times a day for the rest of their lives. The second type of continent urinary diversion is called an orthotopic neobladder, which uses an ileal pouch to replace the bladder. Anatomically, the pouch is in the same position as the bladder was before removal, allowing a patient to void through the urethra using a Valsalva technique. In a ureterostomy or ileal conduit the patient has no sensation or control over the continuous flow of urine through the ileal conduit, requiring the effluent (drainage) to be collected in a pouch. Kegel exercises are ineffective for a patient with a continent urinary reservoir.