COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
●● How often is patient monitored while under anesthesia?
Answer: Minimum of every 15 minutes
●● Patient fears of surgery
Answer: #1 - death
#2 - experiencing pain/remaining awake during general anesthesia
●● Aseptic principles
Answer: Without or stop infection
●● Ligatures
Answer: Hemorrhage - stop bleeding
●● Anesthesia
Answer: Pain - alcohol/ether
●● In the mid 1800's, there were grand exhibitions of...
,Answer: Inhalation of nitrous oxide. Night of entertainment
●● Dr. Morton and Dr. Long
Answer: Removed tumor from face of patient using an ether-soaked
sponge
●● Ether Dome
Answer: Site of first public ether anesthesia demonstration.
Massachusetts General Hospital
●● Anesthesia
Answer: The absence of essentially all sensation with or without the loss
of consciousness
●● Purpose of anesthesia
Answer: - no discomfort from pain
- normal physiology is disturbed as little as possible
- maintain optimal conditions at the operative site
- stay in hemostasis
●● Choice of anesthesia is made by whom?
Answer: Surgeon and anesthesiologist but patient has final say
, ●● Factors that influence choice of anesthesia
Answer: - patient wishes
- state of health
- mental status
- postop recovery
- postop pain management
- type/duration of procedure
- patient positioning
- emergency vs planned
●● balanced anesthesia
Answer: Combination of inhalation/intravenous agents, narcotics and
neuromuscular blockers
●● Goal of optimal balanced anesthesia
Answer: Hypnosis, analgesia, amnesia, muscle relaxation, optimal
patient positioning and homeostasis of vital functions
●● Hypnosis
Answer: Altered state of consciousness, drugs that induce sleep from
natural sleep sedation to full unconsciousness
●● Analgesia