WGU D333 Ethics in Technology Latest
Questions and Answers | Professional
Prep | Grade A+
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) -✓✓An
agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to
ensure that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that
penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter further violations.
• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -✓✓Included strong privacy provisions for
EHRs, including banning the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails
and encryption, and providing rights of access for patients. It also mandated that each
individual whose health information has been exposed be notified within 60 days after
the discovery of a data breach.
• anti-SLAPP laws -✓✓Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit
against public participation (SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations,
government officials, and others against citizens and community groups who oppose
them on matters of concern).
• Child Online Protection Act (COPA) -✓✓An act signed into law in 1998 with the aim of
prohibiting the making of harmful material available to minors via the Internet; the law
was ultimately ruled largely unconstitutional.
• Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) -✓✓An act passed in 2000; it required
federally financed schools and libraries to use some form of technological protection
(such as an Internet filter) to block computer access to obscene material, pornography,
and anything else considered harmful to minors.
• Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) -✓✓Requires websites that cater to
children to offer comprehensive privacy policies, notify parents or guardians about their
data collection practices, and receive parental consent before collecting any personal
information from children under the age of 13.
• Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) -✓✓An act passed in
1994 that amended the Wiretap Act and Electronic Communications Privacy Act, which
required the telecommunications industry to build tools into its products that federal
investigators could use—after obtaining a court order—to eavesdrop on conversations
and intercept electronic communications.
• Communications Decency Act (CDA) -✓✓Title V of the Telecommunications Act, it
aimed at protecting children from pornography, including imposing $250,000 fines and
, prison terms of up to two years for the transmission of "indecent" material over the
Internet.
• Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) -
✓✓A law that specifies that it is legal to spam, provided the messages meet a few basic
requirements—spammers cannot disguise their identity by using a false return address,
the email must include a label specifying that it is an ad or a solicitation, and the email
must include a way for recipients to indicate that they do not want future mass mailings.
• Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 -✓✓An act passed in 2016 that amended the
Economic Espionage Act to create a federal civil remedy for trade secret
misappropriation.
• Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) -✓✓Signed into law in 1998, the act
addresses a number of copyright-related issues, with Title II of the act providing
limitations on the liability of an Internet service provider for copyright infringement.
• Economic Espionage Act (EEA) of 1996 -✓✓An act passed in 1996 to help law
enforcement agencies pursue economic espionage. It imposes penalties of up to $10
million and 15 years in prison for the theft of trade secrets.
• Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) -✓✓An act that deals with the
protection of three main issues: (1) the protection of communications while in transfer
from sender to receiver; (2) the protection of communications held in electronic storage;
and (3) the prohibition of devices from recording dialing, routing, addressing, and
signaling information without a search warrant.
• European Union Data Protection Directive -✓✓A directive that requires any company
doing business within the borders of the countries comprising the European Union (EU)
to implement a set of privacy directives on the fair and appropriate use of information.
• Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act -✓✓Allows consumers to request and
obtain a free credit report each year from each of the three consumer credit reporting
agencies.
• Fair Credit Reporting Act -✓✓Regulates operations of credit reporting bureaus.
• fair use doctrine -✓✓A legal doctrine that allows portions of copyrighted materials to
be used without permission under certain circumstances. Title 17, section 107, of the
U.S. Code established the following four factors that courts should consider when
deciding whether a particular use of copyrighted property is fair and can be allowed
without penalty: (1) the purpose and character of the use (such as commercial use or
nonprofit, educational purposes), (2) the nature of the copyrighted work, (3) the portion
of the copyrighted work used in relation to the work as a whole, and (4) the effect of the
use on the value of the copyrighted work.
Questions and Answers | Professional
Prep | Grade A+
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) -✓✓An
agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires member governments to
ensure that intellectual property rights can be enforced under their laws and that
penalties for infringement are tough enough to deter further violations.
• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act -✓✓Included strong privacy provisions for
EHRs, including banning the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails
and encryption, and providing rights of access for patients. It also mandated that each
individual whose health information has been exposed be notified within 60 days after
the discovery of a data breach.
• anti-SLAPP laws -✓✓Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic lawsuit
against public participation (SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by corporations,
government officials, and others against citizens and community groups who oppose
them on matters of concern).
• Child Online Protection Act (COPA) -✓✓An act signed into law in 1998 with the aim of
prohibiting the making of harmful material available to minors via the Internet; the law
was ultimately ruled largely unconstitutional.
• Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) -✓✓An act passed in 2000; it required
federally financed schools and libraries to use some form of technological protection
(such as an Internet filter) to block computer access to obscene material, pornography,
and anything else considered harmful to minors.
• Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) -✓✓Requires websites that cater to
children to offer comprehensive privacy policies, notify parents or guardians about their
data collection practices, and receive parental consent before collecting any personal
information from children under the age of 13.
• Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) -✓✓An act passed in
1994 that amended the Wiretap Act and Electronic Communications Privacy Act, which
required the telecommunications industry to build tools into its products that federal
investigators could use—after obtaining a court order—to eavesdrop on conversations
and intercept electronic communications.
• Communications Decency Act (CDA) -✓✓Title V of the Telecommunications Act, it
aimed at protecting children from pornography, including imposing $250,000 fines and
, prison terms of up to two years for the transmission of "indecent" material over the
Internet.
• Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) -
✓✓A law that specifies that it is legal to spam, provided the messages meet a few basic
requirements—spammers cannot disguise their identity by using a false return address,
the email must include a label specifying that it is an ad or a solicitation, and the email
must include a way for recipients to indicate that they do not want future mass mailings.
• Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 -✓✓An act passed in 2016 that amended the
Economic Espionage Act to create a federal civil remedy for trade secret
misappropriation.
• Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) -✓✓Signed into law in 1998, the act
addresses a number of copyright-related issues, with Title II of the act providing
limitations on the liability of an Internet service provider for copyright infringement.
• Economic Espionage Act (EEA) of 1996 -✓✓An act passed in 1996 to help law
enforcement agencies pursue economic espionage. It imposes penalties of up to $10
million and 15 years in prison for the theft of trade secrets.
• Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) -✓✓An act that deals with the
protection of three main issues: (1) the protection of communications while in transfer
from sender to receiver; (2) the protection of communications held in electronic storage;
and (3) the prohibition of devices from recording dialing, routing, addressing, and
signaling information without a search warrant.
• European Union Data Protection Directive -✓✓A directive that requires any company
doing business within the borders of the countries comprising the European Union (EU)
to implement a set of privacy directives on the fair and appropriate use of information.
• Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act -✓✓Allows consumers to request and
obtain a free credit report each year from each of the three consumer credit reporting
agencies.
• Fair Credit Reporting Act -✓✓Regulates operations of credit reporting bureaus.
• fair use doctrine -✓✓A legal doctrine that allows portions of copyrighted materials to
be used without permission under certain circumstances. Title 17, section 107, of the
U.S. Code established the following four factors that courts should consider when
deciding whether a particular use of copyrighted property is fair and can be allowed
without penalty: (1) the purpose and character of the use (such as commercial use or
nonprofit, educational purposes), (2) the nature of the copyrighted work, (3) the portion
of the copyrighted work used in relation to the work as a whole, and (4) the effect of the
use on the value of the copyrighted work.
