GTC MICROBIOLOGY FINAL REVIEW
FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What discovery best supports the principle of biogenesis.
Answer: No microbial growth in Pasteur's swan-neck flask
◍ The bacterial cell wall generally carries which electrical charge.
Answer: Negative
◍ What is found in ALL prokaryotic organisms?.
Answer: Ribosomes
◍ Pseudomonas aeruginosa is particularly dangerous in hospitalized patients
because it:.
Answer: Forms biofilms and is resistant to many antibiotics
◍ Which statement correctly compares Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Answer: Gram-positive have thick peptidoglycan and teichoic acids:
Gram-negative and have an outer membrane with LPS
◍ What is the best description of the log phase of a bacterial growth curve?.
Answer: Populations double under optimum conditions
◍ Through feedback inhibition a noncompetitive inhibitor of enzyme activity
would....
Answer: Bind to the allosteric site of the enzyme and stop the reaction
◍ Yeast infections such as thrush are caused by what?.
Answer: Candida albicans
◍ The outer protein coat of a simple virus particle is called?.
Answer: Capsid
,◍ Which genus contains species that can survive pasteurization through
endospore formation.
Answer: Bacillus
◍ In the disease cycle of animal viruses(Lysogenic), uncoating takes place
between which two stages?.
Answer: Penetration and biosynthesis
◍ What would be used to sterilize disposable prepackaged gloves?.
Answer: Gamma
◍ A patient's cells swell and burst after receiving an IV of pure water. Which
cellular process explains this.
Answer: Osmosis into a hypotonic cell environment
◍ Which type of hepatitis might you acquire by eating raw tomatoes or green
onions at a restaurant?.
Answer: Hepatitis A
◍ The bacteria that causes meningitis usually attach and multiply in this area
of the body.
Answer: Upper respiratory system
◍ Because bacterial cell walls are negatively charged, basic dyes are used for
staining since they carry which charge?.
Answer: Positive
◍ Helper T cells....
Answer: Function in both humoral and cell-mediated immune function
activation
◍ The function of chemical substances such as histamine and leukotrienes
would be.
Answer: To stimulate inflammation
◍ Which symbolic relationship benefits the microbe but neither harms nor
helps the host.
Answer: Commensalism
, ◍ A cell is said to be _______________ when its cell wall is permeable to
foreign DNA.
Answer: Competent
◍ Escherichia coli is normally part of the intestinal flora but can cause disease
when:.
Answer: It acquires virulence factors or leaves the intestinal tract
◍ An enzyme that assembles free nucleotides to make a molecule of RNA is.
Answer: RNA polymerase
◍ A patient's red blood cells shrink after IV administration of 5% NaCl
solution. This demonstrates:.
Answer: Movement of water out of cells in a hypertonic solution
◍ A new disinfectant falls against a spore-forming bacterium. What is the
most likely reason.
Answer: Endospore resistance
◍ What do Rickettsias and Chlamydias have in common with viruses?.
Answer: They are both obligated to live inside of a host cell
◍ Who discovered penicillin?.
Answer: Alexander Flemming
◍ What is the difference between fimbriae and pili?.
Answer: Pili is involved in bacterial sex(conjugation), whereas fimbriae is
just for attachment
◍ New strains of the flu are made through _______________
_______________..
Answer: Antigenic shifts
◍ Prokaryotic ribosome subunits =.
Answer: 50 + 30 = 70
◍ Eukaryotic ribosome subunits =.
Answer: 60 + 40 = 80
FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What discovery best supports the principle of biogenesis.
Answer: No microbial growth in Pasteur's swan-neck flask
◍ The bacterial cell wall generally carries which electrical charge.
Answer: Negative
◍ What is found in ALL prokaryotic organisms?.
Answer: Ribosomes
◍ Pseudomonas aeruginosa is particularly dangerous in hospitalized patients
because it:.
Answer: Forms biofilms and is resistant to many antibiotics
◍ Which statement correctly compares Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Answer: Gram-positive have thick peptidoglycan and teichoic acids:
Gram-negative and have an outer membrane with LPS
◍ What is the best description of the log phase of a bacterial growth curve?.
Answer: Populations double under optimum conditions
◍ Through feedback inhibition a noncompetitive inhibitor of enzyme activity
would....
Answer: Bind to the allosteric site of the enzyme and stop the reaction
◍ Yeast infections such as thrush are caused by what?.
Answer: Candida albicans
◍ The outer protein coat of a simple virus particle is called?.
Answer: Capsid
,◍ Which genus contains species that can survive pasteurization through
endospore formation.
Answer: Bacillus
◍ In the disease cycle of animal viruses(Lysogenic), uncoating takes place
between which two stages?.
Answer: Penetration and biosynthesis
◍ What would be used to sterilize disposable prepackaged gloves?.
Answer: Gamma
◍ A patient's cells swell and burst after receiving an IV of pure water. Which
cellular process explains this.
Answer: Osmosis into a hypotonic cell environment
◍ Which type of hepatitis might you acquire by eating raw tomatoes or green
onions at a restaurant?.
Answer: Hepatitis A
◍ The bacteria that causes meningitis usually attach and multiply in this area
of the body.
Answer: Upper respiratory system
◍ Because bacterial cell walls are negatively charged, basic dyes are used for
staining since they carry which charge?.
Answer: Positive
◍ Helper T cells....
Answer: Function in both humoral and cell-mediated immune function
activation
◍ The function of chemical substances such as histamine and leukotrienes
would be.
Answer: To stimulate inflammation
◍ Which symbolic relationship benefits the microbe but neither harms nor
helps the host.
Answer: Commensalism
, ◍ A cell is said to be _______________ when its cell wall is permeable to
foreign DNA.
Answer: Competent
◍ Escherichia coli is normally part of the intestinal flora but can cause disease
when:.
Answer: It acquires virulence factors or leaves the intestinal tract
◍ An enzyme that assembles free nucleotides to make a molecule of RNA is.
Answer: RNA polymerase
◍ A patient's red blood cells shrink after IV administration of 5% NaCl
solution. This demonstrates:.
Answer: Movement of water out of cells in a hypertonic solution
◍ A new disinfectant falls against a spore-forming bacterium. What is the
most likely reason.
Answer: Endospore resistance
◍ What do Rickettsias and Chlamydias have in common with viruses?.
Answer: They are both obligated to live inside of a host cell
◍ Who discovered penicillin?.
Answer: Alexander Flemming
◍ What is the difference between fimbriae and pili?.
Answer: Pili is involved in bacterial sex(conjugation), whereas fimbriae is
just for attachment
◍ New strains of the flu are made through _______________
_______________..
Answer: Antigenic shifts
◍ Prokaryotic ribosome subunits =.
Answer: 50 + 30 = 70
◍ Eukaryotic ribosome subunits =.
Answer: 60 + 40 = 80
