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1. Characteristics of Systolic HF: B, D, E, G
A. Heart failure with
ejection fraction e50%
B. Heart failure with
ejection fraction d40%
C. Pulmonary congestion
with-out cardiomegaly on
chest
X-ray
D. Pulmonary congestion
with cardiomegaly on chest
X-ray
E. Increased size of left
ventri-cle
F. Decreased size of left
ventri-cle
G. S3 gallop
H. S4 gallop
2. In a primary care office, a
Urticaria, wheezing, vomiting, and diaphoresis
nurse practitioner (NP) assesses Immediate hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE
antibodies,
a client who reports taking a which result in an allergy, anaphylaxis, or atopic
new medication 30 minutes disease. The NP should expect the client to have a
be-
type 1 hypersen-
fore arrival. The NP is concerned sitivity to recent medication use, which can include
these
that the client may be having a immediate reactions as clinical manifestations:
urticaria,
hypersensitivity reaction. Which wheezing, vomiting, and diaphoresis.
clinical manifestations Diaphoresis Urticaria
should the NP expect Vomiting
Hypertension
Wheezing
Bradycardia
,Hypertension and bradycardia are not
associated with im-mediate
hypersensitivity reactions.
, Edapt Pathophysiology Questions Week 1-4
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3. are the primary
ef-fector cells and Mast cells are the primary ettector cells and
responsible for initiating responsible for initiating and mediating type 1
and mediating hypersensitivity reactions.
hypersensitivity.
Eosinophils, Neutrophils,
Mast cells, or T-cells Characterized by the rapid release of
Type 1, 2, 3, or 4 proinflammatory me-diators like histamine,
leukotrienes, and cytokines in re-sponse to
4. hypersensitivity allergen exposure, mast cells are the primary
re-actions involve the ettector cells responsible for initiating and mediating
formation of that can type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.
deposit in tissues, leading to
comple-ment activation, Type 3 hypersensitivity reactions involve the
inflammation, and tissue
destruction. formation of immune complexes that can deposit in
Type 1, 2, 3, or 4 tissues, leading to complement activation,
inflammation, and tissue destruc-tion.
Type 3 hypersensitivity reactions involve the formation
of immune complexes that can deposit in tissues,
leading to
IgE, IgM, IgG, immune complex- complement activation and inflammation. This process
can
es cause tissue damage and is associated with systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) and serum sickness.
Type 1 reactions are mediated by IgE antibodies,
and type 2 are mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies.
Type 4 reactions are activated by T-helper cells.
5. Highlight the finding(s) the
nurse practitioner (NP) cough, wheezing, SOB, gradual onset, outside,
recog-nizes as risk factors eczema, dog
that may
contribute to the client's new di- Allergic rhinitis attacks are related to ongoing exposure
to
, agnosis of allergic rhinitis. specific ottending agents. The strongest risk factor
Se-lect all that apply.
for de-veloping asthma is a history of atopic disease
Camille (the client has eczema, a form of atopic dermatitis).
Rutherford, 45- Environmental factors and allergens—such as high
years-old humidity, cold, dry weather, house dust mites, pet
fur, and pollen—can place a client at