BIOL 212 EXAM 1 FINAL PAPER 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
STUDY GUIDE
◉ process of action potential
Answer: Inside the neuron has a negative charge. Positive ions come
in, builds up, hits the threshold and action potential takes off.
Returns to being negative when its done.
◉ refractory period
Answer: the time following an action potential during which a new
action potential cannot be initiated
◉ Sodium channel blockers
Answer: No sodium channels, no action potential. Signals to your
brain are blocked and there is a temporary numbness
◉ autonomic nervous system
Answer: the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the
glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its
sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
, ◉ ANS
Answer: maintenance of blood pressure, controls blood flow,
controls body temperature, genital function, digestion and excretion
◉ Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
Answer: The component of the autonomic nervous system that
responds to stressful situations by initiating the fight-or-flight
response. (NE) Pre-ganglion
◉ Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)
Answer: Division of the autonomic nervous system that slows down
body functions, activated when you relax or when SNS stimulated
too long. Res and Digest. (ACh) Postganglion
◉ Rods
Answer: detect low levels of light, no color, low activity
-Found in the periphery of the eye
◉ cones
Answer: require bright light, color vision, high activity
-Found near the fovea (no rods)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
STUDY GUIDE
◉ process of action potential
Answer: Inside the neuron has a negative charge. Positive ions come
in, builds up, hits the threshold and action potential takes off.
Returns to being negative when its done.
◉ refractory period
Answer: the time following an action potential during which a new
action potential cannot be initiated
◉ Sodium channel blockers
Answer: No sodium channels, no action potential. Signals to your
brain are blocked and there is a temporary numbness
◉ autonomic nervous system
Answer: the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the
glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its
sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
, ◉ ANS
Answer: maintenance of blood pressure, controls blood flow,
controls body temperature, genital function, digestion and excretion
◉ Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
Answer: The component of the autonomic nervous system that
responds to stressful situations by initiating the fight-or-flight
response. (NE) Pre-ganglion
◉ Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)
Answer: Division of the autonomic nervous system that slows down
body functions, activated when you relax or when SNS stimulated
too long. Res and Digest. (ACh) Postganglion
◉ Rods
Answer: detect low levels of light, no color, low activity
-Found in the periphery of the eye
◉ cones
Answer: require bright light, color vision, high activity
-Found near the fovea (no rods)
