NR 508 EXAM 2 PRACTICE TEST 2026 FULL
SOLUTIONS REVIEW PACK
◉ Dissemination and Implementation.
Answer: Dissemination refers to spreading the evidence-based
treatment to professionals and the public; it's out there. The related
process of implementation refers to practitioners using the
treatment and thereby altering their clinical behavior; it's actually
implemented.
◉ Motivational Interviewing.
Answer: person-centered, directive approach that enhances intrinsic
motivation to change by helping clients explore and resolve
ambivalence. As such, it combines elements of both person-centered
style (warmth, empathy, egalitarian relationship) and person-
centered technique (key questions, reflective listening)
◉ OARS:.
Answer: Motivational Interviewing Techniques: Open-ended
questions, Affirmation of strengths, Reflect, Summaries
◉ Project MATCH.
Answer: Clinical trials to determine if matching patients to specific
treatments, rather than using a uniform approach, leads to better
,outcomes. The study found that all three treatments were effective
in reducing drinking, but there was little evidence that matching
specific patient traits to a specific treatment produced better results
than others.
◉ Roll with Resistance.
Answer: The therapist should avoid arguing for change; client
resistance signals that the therapist should respond differently such
as with reflection rather than confrontation.
◉ Anal personality/stage.
Answer: Freud's second phase of psychosexual development (18m-
3y): Children learn to manage their bowel movements, marking
their first experience with societal rules and self-control. Fixation
during this stage due to excessively strict or lax parenting can lead to
specific, life-long "anal" personality types, including perfectionism
(retentive) or rebelliousness (expulsive).
◉ Analysand.
Answer: a person undergoing psychoanalysis
◉ Castration anxiety.
Answer: Stems from the oedipal conflict. The son's fear is that the
father might punish his rival by removing the source of the
problem—the son's penis.
,◉ Countertransference.
Answer: a therapist's unconscious emotional, cognitive, or
behavioral reactions to a client, often stemming from the therapist's
own history
◉ Defense mechanisms.
Answer: inner controls that restrain sexual and aggressive impulses
from being expressed in uncontrollable outbursts
◉ Denial.
Answer: defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously
refuses to accept or acknowledge objective reality or painful facts to
avoid anxiety
◉ Displacement.
Answer: Placing the energies from highly charged emotional ideas
onto more neutral ideas. Ex. An employee angry with their boss
comes home and yells at their partner, instead of confronting the
boss
◉ Fixation.
Answer: Freudian concept that suggests that pregenital
personalities do not evolve in their schemas of people. Rather,
, immature individuals distort their perceptions of other people to fit
internalized images. If psychosexual stage conflicts are not resolved,
this results in "fixation"—stuck emotional development—which
psychoanalytic therapy addresses by revisiting early life experiences
to resolve adult personality issues.
◉ Free association.
Answer: patients express thoughts, words, and feelings as they come
to mind, without censorship or filtering. This unfiltered approach
aims to uncover unconscious conflicts, repressed memories, and
deep-seated emotional issues.
◉ Genital personality/stage.
Answer: Final stage of Freud's five psychosexual development
stages, beginning at puberty (around 12y-adulthood). . Developed
from puberty onward, this personality type is characterized by the
ability to balance primal desires with social realities, having
successfully resolved the Oedipus complex (the ideal, sexually
mature, and psychologically healthy adult personality).
◉ Intellectualization.
Answer: Instead of allowing ourselves to feel, express, and process
negative emotions after something bad happens, intellectualization
involves concentrating only on logic and reasoning
SOLUTIONS REVIEW PACK
◉ Dissemination and Implementation.
Answer: Dissemination refers to spreading the evidence-based
treatment to professionals and the public; it's out there. The related
process of implementation refers to practitioners using the
treatment and thereby altering their clinical behavior; it's actually
implemented.
◉ Motivational Interviewing.
Answer: person-centered, directive approach that enhances intrinsic
motivation to change by helping clients explore and resolve
ambivalence. As such, it combines elements of both person-centered
style (warmth, empathy, egalitarian relationship) and person-
centered technique (key questions, reflective listening)
◉ OARS:.
Answer: Motivational Interviewing Techniques: Open-ended
questions, Affirmation of strengths, Reflect, Summaries
◉ Project MATCH.
Answer: Clinical trials to determine if matching patients to specific
treatments, rather than using a uniform approach, leads to better
,outcomes. The study found that all three treatments were effective
in reducing drinking, but there was little evidence that matching
specific patient traits to a specific treatment produced better results
than others.
◉ Roll with Resistance.
Answer: The therapist should avoid arguing for change; client
resistance signals that the therapist should respond differently such
as with reflection rather than confrontation.
◉ Anal personality/stage.
Answer: Freud's second phase of psychosexual development (18m-
3y): Children learn to manage their bowel movements, marking
their first experience with societal rules and self-control. Fixation
during this stage due to excessively strict or lax parenting can lead to
specific, life-long "anal" personality types, including perfectionism
(retentive) or rebelliousness (expulsive).
◉ Analysand.
Answer: a person undergoing psychoanalysis
◉ Castration anxiety.
Answer: Stems from the oedipal conflict. The son's fear is that the
father might punish his rival by removing the source of the
problem—the son's penis.
,◉ Countertransference.
Answer: a therapist's unconscious emotional, cognitive, or
behavioral reactions to a client, often stemming from the therapist's
own history
◉ Defense mechanisms.
Answer: inner controls that restrain sexual and aggressive impulses
from being expressed in uncontrollable outbursts
◉ Denial.
Answer: defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously
refuses to accept or acknowledge objective reality or painful facts to
avoid anxiety
◉ Displacement.
Answer: Placing the energies from highly charged emotional ideas
onto more neutral ideas. Ex. An employee angry with their boss
comes home and yells at their partner, instead of confronting the
boss
◉ Fixation.
Answer: Freudian concept that suggests that pregenital
personalities do not evolve in their schemas of people. Rather,
, immature individuals distort their perceptions of other people to fit
internalized images. If psychosexual stage conflicts are not resolved,
this results in "fixation"—stuck emotional development—which
psychoanalytic therapy addresses by revisiting early life experiences
to resolve adult personality issues.
◉ Free association.
Answer: patients express thoughts, words, and feelings as they come
to mind, without censorship or filtering. This unfiltered approach
aims to uncover unconscious conflicts, repressed memories, and
deep-seated emotional issues.
◉ Genital personality/stage.
Answer: Final stage of Freud's five psychosexual development
stages, beginning at puberty (around 12y-adulthood). . Developed
from puberty onward, this personality type is characterized by the
ability to balance primal desires with social realities, having
successfully resolved the Oedipus complex (the ideal, sexually
mature, and psychologically healthy adult personality).
◉ Intellectualization.
Answer: Instead of allowing ourselves to feel, express, and process
negative emotions after something bad happens, intellectualization
involves concentrating only on logic and reasoning
