PRN 1381/PRN1381 Exam 3 V2 | Principles
of Pharmacology Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of Albuterol for asthma management. Which side
effect should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Sedation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that stimulates the
sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation can cause cardiac side effects such as an
increased heart rate and palpitations. Clients should be monitored for tachycardia and
tremors during therapy.
2. When administering Lispro insulin, when should the nurse ensure the patient’s meal tray is
present?
A. Within 15 minutes
B. Within 60 minutes
C. At least 2 hours before
,D. Exactly 30 minutes before
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with a very quick onset of action. It
typically starts working within 15 minutes of administration. Giving it too early without
food present can lead to severe hypoglycemia.
3. A client is prescribed Beclomethasone inhaler. What instruction is most important for the
nurse to provide to prevent oral complications?
A. Take a deep breath and hold it for 5 seconds
B. Wait 1 minute between puffs
C. Exhale slowly through pursed lips
D. Rinse the mouth with water after use
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce airway
inflammation. Residual medication left in the oral cavity can lead to the overgrowth of
fungus. Rinsing the mouth helps prevent the development of oral candidiasis or thrush.
4. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic COPD. Which finding would suggest to the
nurse that the patient is experiencing toxicity?
A. Drowsiness
B. Seizures
, C. Constipation
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic range, usually between 10
and 20 mcg/mL. Toxicity can manifest as central nervous system stimulation, leading to
tremors or seizures. Cardiac dysrhythmias are also a major concern with high levels of this
drug.
5. Which instruction should the nurse include for a client starting a new prescription for
Montelukast?
A. Take the medication only when feeling short of breath
B. Use this medication to stop an acute asthma attack
C. Take the medication once daily in the evening
D. Double the dose if you miss a day
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term
asthma prophylaxis. It is most effective when taken once daily in the evening to maintain
therapeutic levels during the night. It is not intended for the treatment of acute respiratory
distress.
of Pharmacology Q&A with Rationale |
Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of Albuterol for asthma management. Which side
effect should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for?
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Sedation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that stimulates the
sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation can cause cardiac side effects such as an
increased heart rate and palpitations. Clients should be monitored for tachycardia and
tremors during therapy.
2. When administering Lispro insulin, when should the nurse ensure the patient’s meal tray is
present?
A. Within 15 minutes
B. Within 60 minutes
C. At least 2 hours before
,D. Exactly 30 minutes before
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with a very quick onset of action. It
typically starts working within 15 minutes of administration. Giving it too early without
food present can lead to severe hypoglycemia.
3. A client is prescribed Beclomethasone inhaler. What instruction is most important for the
nurse to provide to prevent oral complications?
A. Take a deep breath and hold it for 5 seconds
B. Wait 1 minute between puffs
C. Exhale slowly through pursed lips
D. Rinse the mouth with water after use
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce airway
inflammation. Residual medication left in the oral cavity can lead to the overgrowth of
fungus. Rinsing the mouth helps prevent the development of oral candidiasis or thrush.
4. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic COPD. Which finding would suggest to the
nurse that the patient is experiencing toxicity?
A. Drowsiness
B. Seizures
, C. Constipation
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic range, usually between 10
and 20 mcg/mL. Toxicity can manifest as central nervous system stimulation, leading to
tremors or seizures. Cardiac dysrhythmias are also a major concern with high levels of this
drug.
5. Which instruction should the nurse include for a client starting a new prescription for
Montelukast?
A. Take the medication only when feeling short of breath
B. Use this medication to stop an acute asthma attack
C. Take the medication once daily in the evening
D. Double the dose if you miss a day
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term
asthma prophylaxis. It is most effective when taken once daily in the evening to maintain
therapeutic levels during the night. It is not intended for the treatment of acute respiratory
distress.
