WGU D116 Pharmacology OA Summary Review |
High-Yield Q&A, Treatment Strategies & Study
Guide| Frequently Most Tested Questions and
Well Updated Answers| Expert Guarantee Pass
and 100% Accurate | Latest Exam and Newest
Version!!!!
What crosses BBB?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
lipid soluble (nicotine, alc, heroin), anesthetics, sedatives, antidepressants,
antipsychotics, caffeine, acetaminophen, NSAIDs
What is the generic name for Glucophage?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Metformin
What class of medication is Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Biguanide
What is the primary use of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
First-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Also for Gestational Diabetes and PCOS (off-label)
Effective glycemic control
What is one mechanism of action of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
,1-Decreases amt of glucose the liver produces
2-Blocks glucose absorption from food
3-Increases insulin sensitivity
Does NOT stimulate insulin release= less risk of hypoglycemia
Not metabolized; excreted unchanged via kidneys
What is a potential risk of Metformin in patients with renal impairment?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Toxic accumulation
Black Box Warning: Lactic Acidosis
Teach SX - Hyperventilation, myalgia, malaise, drowsiness
What are common side effects of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
GI issues: Nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite
Take with Meals
What is a major contraindication for Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Renal impairment
Cimetidine: Can increase the risk for lactic acidosis; another H2 blocker should
be used if indicated
Is Metformin safe during pregnancy?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Yes, it is safe in pregnancy
also prescribed for
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by increasing insulin sensitivity, decreasing
insulin and androgen levels, and improving ovulation and pregnancy rates
What is the interaction between alcohol and Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Increases risk of lactic acidosis
What should be done with Metformin before iodinated contrast use?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
,Stop Metformin 1-2 days before; restart 48 hrs after
What is the dosing for immediate-release Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Once/twice daily, up to 2.55g/day
What drugs are not given in Kidney Failure?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Thiazide Diuretics - HCTZ(for essential htn)
Metformin
ACE-I
What are characteristics of Acetylcysteine?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Mucamist- Rotten Egg Smell
Mucolytic agent breaks up thick mucous with chronic lung issues (COPD, Pna,
Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Bronchitis)
also for Tylenol overdose
Gonorrhea treatment and prevention
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Ceftriaxone IM
150 kg - 1 dose 500mg
Over 150kg -1 gm
Add 1g Azithromycin unless Chlamydia ruled out as these 2 go hand in hand.
Sexual partners from last 60 days tested and treated
Expedited Partner therapy - provider treats without test
Abstinence x7 days or more (until all partners treated and symptoms resolve)
Pharyngeal Gonorrhea test to confirm cure 7-14 days post treat.
Prevention : abstinence only 100% condoms, monogamy, high risk (gay men,
trans women) may give doxycycline after sex to prevent gonorrhea Chlamydia
and syphilis - provider to determine risk.
And regular testing
, Best Source of Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER:<
dairy low fat yogurt best, part skim ricotta, and fortified milk
Beta 2 antagonists actions vs Lungs
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Propanolol -nonselective 1st gen. B2 blocKer
constriction in lungs
Not given with asthma
Instead give Metorolol- cardio selective (2nd gen)B2 (without lung constriction)
SSRI 1st Line Medications
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
• Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram (influences the activity in the
receptors and it target cells).
1st line for panic attacks also
• Sexual dysfunction likely (70%)
• Avoid MAOIs- they increase risk for serotonin syndrome- must stop 2 weeks
before starting SSRI
DoNOTcause sedation
Monitor Sodium levels
Chron's Disease treatment
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Antibiotics
Anti-inflammatory medications
Immunosuppressive medications
Anti-diarrheal medications (no)
Nutritional support
Education
myasthenia gravis
CORRECT ANSWER:<
often involve acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like Pyridostigmine to manage
symptoms, while immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids are used to
reduce the immune system attack
High-Yield Q&A, Treatment Strategies & Study
Guide| Frequently Most Tested Questions and
Well Updated Answers| Expert Guarantee Pass
and 100% Accurate | Latest Exam and Newest
Version!!!!
What crosses BBB?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
lipid soluble (nicotine, alc, heroin), anesthetics, sedatives, antidepressants,
antipsychotics, caffeine, acetaminophen, NSAIDs
What is the generic name for Glucophage?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Metformin
What class of medication is Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Biguanide
What is the primary use of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
First-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Also for Gestational Diabetes and PCOS (off-label)
Effective glycemic control
What is one mechanism of action of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
,1-Decreases amt of glucose the liver produces
2-Blocks glucose absorption from food
3-Increases insulin sensitivity
Does NOT stimulate insulin release= less risk of hypoglycemia
Not metabolized; excreted unchanged via kidneys
What is a potential risk of Metformin in patients with renal impairment?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Toxic accumulation
Black Box Warning: Lactic Acidosis
Teach SX - Hyperventilation, myalgia, malaise, drowsiness
What are common side effects of Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
GI issues: Nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite
Take with Meals
What is a major contraindication for Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Renal impairment
Cimetidine: Can increase the risk for lactic acidosis; another H2 blocker should
be used if indicated
Is Metformin safe during pregnancy?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Yes, it is safe in pregnancy
also prescribed for
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by increasing insulin sensitivity, decreasing
insulin and androgen levels, and improving ovulation and pregnancy rates
What is the interaction between alcohol and Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Increases risk of lactic acidosis
What should be done with Metformin before iodinated contrast use?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
,Stop Metformin 1-2 days before; restart 48 hrs after
What is the dosing for immediate-release Metformin?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Once/twice daily, up to 2.55g/day
What drugs are not given in Kidney Failure?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Thiazide Diuretics - HCTZ(for essential htn)
Metformin
ACE-I
What are characteristics of Acetylcysteine?
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Mucamist- Rotten Egg Smell
Mucolytic agent breaks up thick mucous with chronic lung issues (COPD, Pna,
Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Bronchitis)
also for Tylenol overdose
Gonorrhea treatment and prevention
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Ceftriaxone IM
150 kg - 1 dose 500mg
Over 150kg -1 gm
Add 1g Azithromycin unless Chlamydia ruled out as these 2 go hand in hand.
Sexual partners from last 60 days tested and treated
Expedited Partner therapy - provider treats without test
Abstinence x7 days or more (until all partners treated and symptoms resolve)
Pharyngeal Gonorrhea test to confirm cure 7-14 days post treat.
Prevention : abstinence only 100% condoms, monogamy, high risk (gay men,
trans women) may give doxycycline after sex to prevent gonorrhea Chlamydia
and syphilis - provider to determine risk.
And regular testing
, Best Source of Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER:<
dairy low fat yogurt best, part skim ricotta, and fortified milk
Beta 2 antagonists actions vs Lungs
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Propanolol -nonselective 1st gen. B2 blocKer
constriction in lungs
Not given with asthma
Instead give Metorolol- cardio selective (2nd gen)B2 (without lung constriction)
SSRI 1st Line Medications
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
• Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram (influences the activity in the
receptors and it target cells).
1st line for panic attacks also
• Sexual dysfunction likely (70%)
• Avoid MAOIs- they increase risk for serotonin syndrome- must stop 2 weeks
before starting SSRI
DoNOTcause sedation
Monitor Sodium levels
Chron's Disease treatment
CORRECT ANSWER:<
Antibiotics
Anti-inflammatory medications
Immunosuppressive medications
Anti-diarrheal medications (no)
Nutritional support
Education
myasthenia gravis
CORRECT ANSWER:<
often involve acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like Pyridostigmine to manage
symptoms, while immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids are used to
reduce the immune system attack
