BMTCN EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2026
TEST BANK| BLOOD & MARROW TRANSPLANT
CERTIFIED NURSE (BMTCN) EXAM PREP WITH
COMPLETE 550 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
Which of the following factors is associated with primary graft failure?
a) Peripheral blood stem cell graft source
b) Viral infection in the recipient
c) HLA match with the donor
d) CD34 selected cellular product - Correct Answer - B) Viral infection
in the recipient
In allogeneic transplants-graft failure is more commonly seen with
HLA-mismatched donor bone marrow, umbilical cord blood transplant,
or T-cell–depleted bone marrow but also may be related to primary
disease, inadequate dose of stem cells, immunosuppression, immune-
mediated processes, septicemia, ABO incompatibility, viral infections,
and drug toxicity (Martin, 2016; Norton et al., 2016
The caregiver of a patient at a clinic reports witnessing unusual and
aggressive behavior, sleep problems, and sadness. The nurse believes the
patient may be exhibiting signs of:
a) Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
b) Bipolar disorder
c) PTSD
d) Tacrolimus toxicity - Correct Answer - C) PTSD
pg. 1
,Signs and symptoms of PTSD in older children, adolescents, or adults a)
Flashbacks and nightmares b) Unusual behavior c) Losing interest in
activities d) Feeling sad e) Aggressive behavior f ) Sleep problems
Premature ovarian failure after HSCT is related to which of the
following?
a) Disease relapse
b) Prescribed immunosuppressive medications
c) Graft vs host disease
d) Treatment with alkylating agents - Correct Answer - D) Treatment
with alkylating agents
Women and girls undergoing HSCT are at a significant risk of
hypogonadism and infertility, especially those treated with TBI and
alkylating agents. Nearly all women older than 25 years of age treated
with myeloablative HSCT experience premature ovarian failure with
associated infertility and early menopause.
Alkylating agents and radiation are associated with a dose-dependent
depletion of both resting and dividing follicles, resulting in infertility
and premature ovarian failure (POF).
Prior to the initiation of treatment for engraftment syndrome, what is a
priority nursing action?
a) Obtain order for IV fluids
b) Ensure the infectious disease workup is complete
c) Place the patient in protective isolation for 14 days
d) Discontinue filgrastim administration - Correct Answer - B) Ensure
the infectious disease workup is complete
pg. 2
,Nursing management a) It is important that an infectious workup is
completed before the initiation of high-dose methylprednisolone. b) Also
important is for patients to be at baseline weight during engraftment.
Retained fluids, especially pulmonary, can escalate engraftment
syndrome.
Eight months after an allogeneic HSCT, a patient is reporting a gritty
sensation in the eyes and sensitivity to light. Which of the following
interventions will most likely be ordered?
a) Digital eye exam
b) Phototherapy
c) Schirmer's test
d) Systemic corticosteroids - Correct Answer - C) Schirmer's test
Eyes a) New-onset dry, gritty, or painful eyes b) Cicatricial
conjunctivitis c) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca d) Confluent areas of
punctate keratopathy e) Photophobia f ) Periorbital hyperpigmentation g)
Mucoid secretions (making it difficult to open eyes in the morning) h)
Blepharitis (erythema of eyelids with edema) i) New ocular sicca
(documented by low Schirmer test scores with a mean value of less than
or equal to 5 mm at 5 minutes) j) New-onset keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(documented by slit-lamp examination with a mean Schirmer test value
of 6-10 m
Two hours after an HSCT infusion, a patient calls for the nurse to report
red urine. What is the most likely cause?
a) Hemorrhagic cystitis
b) A low platelet count
c) Medications given prior to transplant
pg. 3
, d) Breakdown of red blood cells in the product - Correct Answer - D)
Breakdown of red blood cells in the product
Hematuria can occur from the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs) in
the bag prior to transfusion and usually is nonpathogenic
A patient continues to have symptoms of acute GVHD after a fourteen
day course of glucocorticoids. What medication does the nurse anticipate
an order for?
a) Mineralocorticoids
b) Intravenous immunoglobulin
c) Cyclosporine
d) Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) - Correct Answer - D) Antithymocyte
globulin (ATG)
Two major approaches to the prophylaxis of acute GVHD following
HSCT exist: T-cell depletion of the graft (discussed in the previous
section) and pharmacologic therapy. Prevention of acute GVHD may be
achieved with single-agent immunosuppression (often tacrolimus or
cyclosporine A) or with multiagent immunosuppression (methotrexate,
tacrolimus, cyclosporine A, sirolimus, steroids, ATG, cyclophosphamide,
and mycophenolate mofetil), sometimes in combination with T-cell
depletion and/or IVIG administration
Grapefruit should be avoided when taking which of the following
medications?
a) Mycophenolate
b) Tacrolimus
c) Posaconazole
d) Methylprednisolone - Correct Answer - B) Tacrolimus
pg. 4
TEST BANK| BLOOD & MARROW TRANSPLANT
CERTIFIED NURSE (BMTCN) EXAM PREP WITH
COMPLETE 550 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
Which of the following factors is associated with primary graft failure?
a) Peripheral blood stem cell graft source
b) Viral infection in the recipient
c) HLA match with the donor
d) CD34 selected cellular product - Correct Answer - B) Viral infection
in the recipient
In allogeneic transplants-graft failure is more commonly seen with
HLA-mismatched donor bone marrow, umbilical cord blood transplant,
or T-cell–depleted bone marrow but also may be related to primary
disease, inadequate dose of stem cells, immunosuppression, immune-
mediated processes, septicemia, ABO incompatibility, viral infections,
and drug toxicity (Martin, 2016; Norton et al., 2016
The caregiver of a patient at a clinic reports witnessing unusual and
aggressive behavior, sleep problems, and sadness. The nurse believes the
patient may be exhibiting signs of:
a) Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
b) Bipolar disorder
c) PTSD
d) Tacrolimus toxicity - Correct Answer - C) PTSD
pg. 1
,Signs and symptoms of PTSD in older children, adolescents, or adults a)
Flashbacks and nightmares b) Unusual behavior c) Losing interest in
activities d) Feeling sad e) Aggressive behavior f ) Sleep problems
Premature ovarian failure after HSCT is related to which of the
following?
a) Disease relapse
b) Prescribed immunosuppressive medications
c) Graft vs host disease
d) Treatment with alkylating agents - Correct Answer - D) Treatment
with alkylating agents
Women and girls undergoing HSCT are at a significant risk of
hypogonadism and infertility, especially those treated with TBI and
alkylating agents. Nearly all women older than 25 years of age treated
with myeloablative HSCT experience premature ovarian failure with
associated infertility and early menopause.
Alkylating agents and radiation are associated with a dose-dependent
depletion of both resting and dividing follicles, resulting in infertility
and premature ovarian failure (POF).
Prior to the initiation of treatment for engraftment syndrome, what is a
priority nursing action?
a) Obtain order for IV fluids
b) Ensure the infectious disease workup is complete
c) Place the patient in protective isolation for 14 days
d) Discontinue filgrastim administration - Correct Answer - B) Ensure
the infectious disease workup is complete
pg. 2
,Nursing management a) It is important that an infectious workup is
completed before the initiation of high-dose methylprednisolone. b) Also
important is for patients to be at baseline weight during engraftment.
Retained fluids, especially pulmonary, can escalate engraftment
syndrome.
Eight months after an allogeneic HSCT, a patient is reporting a gritty
sensation in the eyes and sensitivity to light. Which of the following
interventions will most likely be ordered?
a) Digital eye exam
b) Phototherapy
c) Schirmer's test
d) Systemic corticosteroids - Correct Answer - C) Schirmer's test
Eyes a) New-onset dry, gritty, or painful eyes b) Cicatricial
conjunctivitis c) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca d) Confluent areas of
punctate keratopathy e) Photophobia f ) Periorbital hyperpigmentation g)
Mucoid secretions (making it difficult to open eyes in the morning) h)
Blepharitis (erythema of eyelids with edema) i) New ocular sicca
(documented by low Schirmer test scores with a mean value of less than
or equal to 5 mm at 5 minutes) j) New-onset keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(documented by slit-lamp examination with a mean Schirmer test value
of 6-10 m
Two hours after an HSCT infusion, a patient calls for the nurse to report
red urine. What is the most likely cause?
a) Hemorrhagic cystitis
b) A low platelet count
c) Medications given prior to transplant
pg. 3
, d) Breakdown of red blood cells in the product - Correct Answer - D)
Breakdown of red blood cells in the product
Hematuria can occur from the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs) in
the bag prior to transfusion and usually is nonpathogenic
A patient continues to have symptoms of acute GVHD after a fourteen
day course of glucocorticoids. What medication does the nurse anticipate
an order for?
a) Mineralocorticoids
b) Intravenous immunoglobulin
c) Cyclosporine
d) Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) - Correct Answer - D) Antithymocyte
globulin (ATG)
Two major approaches to the prophylaxis of acute GVHD following
HSCT exist: T-cell depletion of the graft (discussed in the previous
section) and pharmacologic therapy. Prevention of acute GVHD may be
achieved with single-agent immunosuppression (often tacrolimus or
cyclosporine A) or with multiagent immunosuppression (methotrexate,
tacrolimus, cyclosporine A, sirolimus, steroids, ATG, cyclophosphamide,
and mycophenolate mofetil), sometimes in combination with T-cell
depletion and/or IVIG administration
Grapefruit should be avoided when taking which of the following
medications?
a) Mycophenolate
b) Tacrolimus
c) Posaconazole
d) Methylprednisolone - Correct Answer - B) Tacrolimus
pg. 4
