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ATI NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAM GUIDE 2025/2026
(8TH EDITION)
## ALL NGN QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS FOR
FIRST-TIME EXAM SUCCESS
### Table of Contents
| Section | Topic | Questions |
|---------|-------|-----------|
| 1 | Foundations of Nutrition & Macronutrients | 1-15 |
| 2 | Vitamins, Minerals & Deficiencies | 16-30 |
| 3 | Therapeutic Diets & Chronic Disease Management | 31-45 |
| 4 | Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition | 46-55 |
| 5 | NGN Case Studies – Malnutrition & Wound Healing | 56-65 |
| 6 | NGN Case Studies – Fluid & Electrolyte Balance | 66-75 |
| 7 | NGN Case Studies – Diabetes & Hypoglycemia | 76-85 |
| 8 | NGN Case Studies – GI Disorders & Tube Feeding | 86-95 |
| 9 | NGN Case Studies – Maternal & Pediatric Nutrition | 96-105 |
| 10 | Cultural & Religious Dietary Considerations | 106-115 |
| **Total** | | **115** |
---
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## SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF NUTRITION & MACRONUTRIENTS (15
Questions)
**Q1. A client asks which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram. How
should the nurse respond?**
A) Carbohydrates – 4 kcal/g
B) Protein – 4 kcal/g
C) Fats – 9 kcal/g
D) Alcohol – 7 kcal/g
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the highest among macronutrients.
Carbohydrates and protein provide 4 kcal/g each. While alcohol provides 7 kcal/g,
it is not considered a nutrient .*
**Q2. A nurse is educating a client about the primary function of carbohydrates.
Which statement by the client indicates understanding?**
A) "Carbohydrates help build muscle tissue."
B) "Carbohydrates provide the main source of energy for the body."
C) "Carbohydrates are stored as fat immediately."
D) "Carbohydrates are only needed for brain function."
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source. They are broken
down into glucose, which cells use for energy. Excess carbohydrates can be stored
as glycogen or fat, but their main function is energy provision .*
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**Q3. What kind of carbohydrate should make up the majority of a person's
diet?**
A) Monosaccharides
B) Disaccharides
C) Polysaccharides
D) Simple sugars
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates such as starches and fiber)
should comprise the majority of carbohydrate intake because they digest more
slowly, provide sustained energy, and contain more fiber and nutrients than simple
sugars .*
**Q4. A nurse is calculating BMI for a client who weighs 78 kg and is 1.65 m tall.
What is the BMI?**
A) 22.6
B) 26.1
C) 28.6
D) 31.2
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: BMI = weight (kg) / height (m²) = 78 / (1.65 × 1.65) = .7225 ≈
28.6. This falls in the overweight range (25.0–29.9) .*
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**Q5. What percentage of daily caloric intake should come from protein according
to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?**
A) 5% to 10%
B) 10% to 35%
C) 35% to 50%
D) 50% to 65%
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale: The AMDR for protein is 10% to 35% of total daily calories. Fats
should be 20% to 35%, and carbohydrates 45% to 65% .*
**Q6. How many calories equal a weight gain of 1 pound?**
A) 1,500
B) 2,500
C) 3,500
D) 4,500
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: One pound of body fat equals approximately 3,500 calories. Therefore,
a surplus of 3,500 calories results in a 1-pound weight gain .*
**Q7. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client with hypertension. Which
food should the nurse recommend as part of the DASH diet?**
A) Canned soup
B) Processed cheese
ATI NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAM GUIDE 2025/2026
(8TH EDITION)
## ALL NGN QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS FOR
FIRST-TIME EXAM SUCCESS
### Table of Contents
| Section | Topic | Questions |
|---------|-------|-----------|
| 1 | Foundations of Nutrition & Macronutrients | 1-15 |
| 2 | Vitamins, Minerals & Deficiencies | 16-30 |
| 3 | Therapeutic Diets & Chronic Disease Management | 31-45 |
| 4 | Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition | 46-55 |
| 5 | NGN Case Studies – Malnutrition & Wound Healing | 56-65 |
| 6 | NGN Case Studies – Fluid & Electrolyte Balance | 66-75 |
| 7 | NGN Case Studies – Diabetes & Hypoglycemia | 76-85 |
| 8 | NGN Case Studies – GI Disorders & Tube Feeding | 86-95 |
| 9 | NGN Case Studies – Maternal & Pediatric Nutrition | 96-105 |
| 10 | Cultural & Religious Dietary Considerations | 106-115 |
| **Total** | | **115** |
---
,2|Page
## SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF NUTRITION & MACRONUTRIENTS (15
Questions)
**Q1. A client asks which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram. How
should the nurse respond?**
A) Carbohydrates – 4 kcal/g
B) Protein – 4 kcal/g
C) Fats – 9 kcal/g
D) Alcohol – 7 kcal/g
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the highest among macronutrients.
Carbohydrates and protein provide 4 kcal/g each. While alcohol provides 7 kcal/g,
it is not considered a nutrient .*
**Q2. A nurse is educating a client about the primary function of carbohydrates.
Which statement by the client indicates understanding?**
A) "Carbohydrates help build muscle tissue."
B) "Carbohydrates provide the main source of energy for the body."
C) "Carbohydrates are stored as fat immediately."
D) "Carbohydrates are only needed for brain function."
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source. They are broken
down into glucose, which cells use for energy. Excess carbohydrates can be stored
as glycogen or fat, but their main function is energy provision .*
,3|Page
**Q3. What kind of carbohydrate should make up the majority of a person's
diet?**
A) Monosaccharides
B) Disaccharides
C) Polysaccharides
D) Simple sugars
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates such as starches and fiber)
should comprise the majority of carbohydrate intake because they digest more
slowly, provide sustained energy, and contain more fiber and nutrients than simple
sugars .*
**Q4. A nurse is calculating BMI for a client who weighs 78 kg and is 1.65 m tall.
What is the BMI?**
A) 22.6
B) 26.1
C) 28.6
D) 31.2
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: BMI = weight (kg) / height (m²) = 78 / (1.65 × 1.65) = .7225 ≈
28.6. This falls in the overweight range (25.0–29.9) .*
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**Q5. What percentage of daily caloric intake should come from protein according
to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?**
A) 5% to 10%
B) 10% to 35%
C) 35% to 50%
D) 50% to 65%
**Correct Answer: B**
*Rationale: The AMDR for protein is 10% to 35% of total daily calories. Fats
should be 20% to 35%, and carbohydrates 45% to 65% .*
**Q6. How many calories equal a weight gain of 1 pound?**
A) 1,500
B) 2,500
C) 3,500
D) 4,500
**Correct Answer: C**
*Rationale: One pound of body fat equals approximately 3,500 calories. Therefore,
a surplus of 3,500 calories results in a 1-pound weight gain .*
**Q7. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client with hypertension. Which
food should the nurse recommend as part of the DASH diet?**
A) Canned soup
B) Processed cheese
