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Diagnostic Ophthalmic Sonographer Practice
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Explanation 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf.
Q1. Which ocular layer contains the choroidal vasculature that
supplies the outer retina?
✅ C. Uvea
Rationale: The uvea comprises the iris, ciliary body, and choroid;
the choroid provides the main blood supply to the outer retina.
The sclera is the outer fibrous layer; the retina is the innermost
neural layer .
Q2. The average axial length of an adult human eye is closest
to:
✅ C. 24 mm
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Rationale: Normal adult axial length ranges from 22–24 mm; 24
mm is often cited as the average. Axial lengths > 26.5 mm are
associated with myopia and staphyloma formation .
Q3. Normal anterior chamber depth (ACD) in an adult ranges
from:
✅ C. 2.5–3.5 mm
Rationale: The normal adult anterior chamber depth ranges from
2.5–3.5 mm. Shallow anterior chamber (<2.5 mm) increases the
risk of angle-closure glaucoma .
Q4. Which of the following are components of the uveal tract?
(Select all that apply)
✅ A. Iris, B. Ciliary body, C. Choroid
Rationale: The uveal tract (vascular layer) consists of the iris
(anterior), ciliary body (middle), and choroid (posterior). The
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sclera is the fibrous outer layer, and the retina is the neural
layer .
Q5. The retina is divided into which two primary layers?
✅ A. Neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium
(RPE)
Rationale: The retina consists of the neurosensory retina (neural
tissue) and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which supports
photoreceptor function .
Q6. What is the term for the posterior bulge or outpouching of
the sclera seen in high myopia?
✅ A. Posterior staphyloma
Rationale: A staphyloma is described as an outpouching of the
posterior aspect of the globe on B-scan. It is commonly
associated with high myopia with axial lengths > 26.5 mm .
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Q7. The retinal circulation visualized on sonography is
primarily responsible for:
✅ B. Delivering oxygen and nutrients to the retina
Rationale: The retinal circulation is essential for delivering oxygen
and nutrients to the retina. The choroidal circulation supplies the
outer retina .
Q8. The primary function of the lens is to:
✅ A. Adjust focus (accommodation) in conjunction with the
cornea
Rationale: The lens adjusts focus by changing shape, working in
conjunction with the cornea to direct light onto the retina .
Q9. Nanophthalmos is characterized by:
✅ B. Short axial length (14–20.5 mm) and shallow anterior
chamber
Diagnostic Ophthalmic Sonographer Practice
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Explanation 2026
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf.
Q1. Which ocular layer contains the choroidal vasculature that
supplies the outer retina?
✅ C. Uvea
Rationale: The uvea comprises the iris, ciliary body, and choroid;
the choroid provides the main blood supply to the outer retina.
The sclera is the outer fibrous layer; the retina is the innermost
neural layer .
Q2. The average axial length of an adult human eye is closest
to:
✅ C. 24 mm
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Rationale: Normal adult axial length ranges from 22–24 mm; 24
mm is often cited as the average. Axial lengths > 26.5 mm are
associated with myopia and staphyloma formation .
Q3. Normal anterior chamber depth (ACD) in an adult ranges
from:
✅ C. 2.5–3.5 mm
Rationale: The normal adult anterior chamber depth ranges from
2.5–3.5 mm. Shallow anterior chamber (<2.5 mm) increases the
risk of angle-closure glaucoma .
Q4. Which of the following are components of the uveal tract?
(Select all that apply)
✅ A. Iris, B. Ciliary body, C. Choroid
Rationale: The uveal tract (vascular layer) consists of the iris
(anterior), ciliary body (middle), and choroid (posterior). The
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sclera is the fibrous outer layer, and the retina is the neural
layer .
Q5. The retina is divided into which two primary layers?
✅ A. Neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium
(RPE)
Rationale: The retina consists of the neurosensory retina (neural
tissue) and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which supports
photoreceptor function .
Q6. What is the term for the posterior bulge or outpouching of
the sclera seen in high myopia?
✅ A. Posterior staphyloma
Rationale: A staphyloma is described as an outpouching of the
posterior aspect of the globe on B-scan. It is commonly
associated with high myopia with axial lengths > 26.5 mm .
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Q7. The retinal circulation visualized on sonography is
primarily responsible for:
✅ B. Delivering oxygen and nutrients to the retina
Rationale: The retinal circulation is essential for delivering oxygen
and nutrients to the retina. The choroidal circulation supplies the
outer retina .
Q8. The primary function of the lens is to:
✅ A. Adjust focus (accommodation) in conjunction with the
cornea
Rationale: The lens adjusts focus by changing shape, working in
conjunction with the cornea to direct light onto the retina .
Q9. Nanophthalmos is characterized by:
✅ B. Short axial length (14–20.5 mm) and shallow anterior
chamber
