Page 1 of 168
Evidence-Based Nursing 2026/2027
Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationale | Newest Update | Galen
College of Nursing
Q1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in nursing?
a) To replace clinical judgment with standardized protocols
b) To integrate the best available research evidence with
clinical expertise and patient preferences
c) To reduce the cost of healthcare delivery
d) To eliminate the need for continuing education
Answer: B
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Rationale: EBP is the conscientious integration of best research
evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values/preferences. It
does not replace clinical judgment but enhances it with research
evidence .
Q2. A nurse researcher is examining a study that used a
randomized controlled trial design. This type of study is
considered which level on the evidence hierarchy?
a) Level V (expert opinion)
b) Level III (case-control study)
c) Level II (randomized controlled trial)
d) Level IV (case series)
Answer: C
Rationale: On most evidence hierarchies (e.g., Johns Hopkins,
Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt), RCTs are Level II (single RCT) or
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Level I (systematic review of RCTs). Case-control studies are Level
III .
Q3. The nurse is appraising a systematic review of multiple
randomized controlled trials on a clinical intervention.
According to the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice
Model, this type of evidence would be rated as:
a) Level I
b) Level II
c) Level III
d) Level IV
Answer: A
Rationale: A systematic review of multiple RCTs is generally
considered Level I evidence—the highest level of evidence.
Well-designed RCTs are Level II, while non-experimental studies
are lower levels .
, Page 4 of 168
Q4. The nurse understands that one of the barriers to
implementing EBP at the bedside is:
a) Lack of time and resources to access and appraise evidence
b) Too much available research on every topic
c) Overabundance of trained EBP mentors
d) Mandatory protected time for EBP activities
Answer: A
Rationale: Common barriers to EBP implementation include lack
of time, lack of access to research databases, lack of EBP
mentors, and organizational culture that does not prioritize EBP .
Q5. Which of the following describes the "I" in the PICOT
question format?
Evidence-Based Nursing 2026/2027
Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationale | Newest Update | Galen
College of Nursing
Q1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in nursing?
a) To replace clinical judgment with standardized protocols
b) To integrate the best available research evidence with
clinical expertise and patient preferences
c) To reduce the cost of healthcare delivery
d) To eliminate the need for continuing education
Answer: B
,Page 2 of 168
Rationale: EBP is the conscientious integration of best research
evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values/preferences. It
does not replace clinical judgment but enhances it with research
evidence .
Q2. A nurse researcher is examining a study that used a
randomized controlled trial design. This type of study is
considered which level on the evidence hierarchy?
a) Level V (expert opinion)
b) Level III (case-control study)
c) Level II (randomized controlled trial)
d) Level IV (case series)
Answer: C
Rationale: On most evidence hierarchies (e.g., Johns Hopkins,
Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt), RCTs are Level II (single RCT) or
,Page 3 of 168
Level I (systematic review of RCTs). Case-control studies are Level
III .
Q3. The nurse is appraising a systematic review of multiple
randomized controlled trials on a clinical intervention.
According to the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice
Model, this type of evidence would be rated as:
a) Level I
b) Level II
c) Level III
d) Level IV
Answer: A
Rationale: A systematic review of multiple RCTs is generally
considered Level I evidence—the highest level of evidence.
Well-designed RCTs are Level II, while non-experimental studies
are lower levels .
, Page 4 of 168
Q4. The nurse understands that one of the barriers to
implementing EBP at the bedside is:
a) Lack of time and resources to access and appraise evidence
b) Too much available research on every topic
c) Overabundance of trained EBP mentors
d) Mandatory protected time for EBP activities
Answer: A
Rationale: Common barriers to EBP implementation include lack
of time, lack of access to research databases, lack of EBP
mentors, and organizational culture that does not prioritize EBP .
Q5. Which of the following describes the "I" in the PICOT
question format?
