Global Business Environment(Latest 2026
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1. Globalization refers to:
A) The process of isolating national economies
B) The increasing interdependence of national economies
through cross-border flows of goods, services, capital, and
knowledge
C) The dominance of a single global government
D) The elimination of all trade barriers
Answer: B
Rationale: Globalization is about interconnectedness—
economic, cultural, and technological integration. It does not
imply a single government or zero barriers.
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2. Which of the following is a primary driver of globalization
in the 2020s?
A) Rising trade tariffs
B) Digital platforms and cloud computing
C) Decreased foreign investment
D) Reduced international travel
Answer: B
Rationale: Digital transformation (e-commerce, cloud, AI, remote
work) has accelerated globalization more than any other factor
in recent years.
3. Scenario: A U.S. company sources raw materials from
Brazil, manufactures components in Vietnam, assembles final
products in Mexico, and sells globally. This is an example of:
A) Local sourcing
B) Global value chain fragmentation
C) Protectionism
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D) Reshoring
Answer: B
Rationale: Global value chains (GVCs) involve spreading
production stages across multiple countries to optimize cost,
quality, and efficiency.
4. The "Bretton Woods System" established which of the
following institutions?
A) World Trade Organization (WTO)
B) International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank
C) United Nations
D) European Union
Answer: B
Rationale: The 1944 Bretton Woods Conference created the IMF
and World Bank to promote monetary stability and
reconstruction after WWII. WTO came later (1995).
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5. Which term describes the practice of bringing previously
outsourced production back to the home country?
A) Offshoring
B) Reshoring
C) Nearshoring
D) Outsourcing
Answer: B
Rationale: Reshoring reverses offshoring, often driven by supply
chain disruptions, labor costs, or geopolitical risks.
6. The World Trade Organization (WTO) primarily functions to:
A) Provide loans to developing countries
B) Regulate international trade and settle disputes
C) Set global environmental standards
D) Enforce labor laws across borders
Answer: B
Rationale: The WTO oversees trade agreements, negotiates