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NATIONAL BOARD FOR CERTIFICATION IN
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (NBCOT)
PRACTICE EXAM 2025|ORIGINAL
260+Qs&As|A+GRADE ASSURED
1. Which frame of reference focuses on the client’s ability to
process and integrate sensory information from the body and
environment to produce adaptive responses?
A) Biomechanical frame of reference
B) Sensory integration (SI) frame of reference
C) Cognitive-behavioral frame of reference
D) Psychodynamic frame of reference
Correct Answer: B) Sensory integration (SI) frame of reference
Rationale: SI theory (A. Jean Ayres) addresses sensory
modulation, discrimination, and praxis. Intervention includes
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vestibular, proprioceptive, and tactile activities to improve
adaptive responses.
2. Scenario: An OT is working with a client who had a right
CVA and presents with left hemiparesis and neglect. The OT
uses mirror therapy and mental imagery to improve motor
function. This approach is most consistent with which frame
of reference?
A) Biomechanical
B) Motor learning
C) Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT)
D) Cognitive-behavioral
Correct Answer: B) Motor learning
Rationale: Mirror therapy and mental imagery are motor
learning strategies that promote cortical reorganization. NDT
focuses on handling and postural control. Biomechanical
addresses ROM/strength.
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3. The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) considers which
three interrelated subsystems?
A) Volition, habituation, performance capacity
B) Sensory, motor, cognitive
C) Person, environment, occupation
D) Biological, psychological, social
Correct Answer: A) Volition, habituation, performance
capacity
Rationale: MOHO (Kielhofner): volition (motivation), habituation
(roles/routines), performance capacity (physical/mental skills).
Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model is different.
4. According to the Person-Environment-Occupation-
Performance (PEOP) model, occupational performance is
influenced by:
A) Only the client’s physical abilities
B) The interaction between the person, environment, occupation,
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and performance
C) Only the environment
D) Only the occupation
Correct Answer: B) The interaction between the person,
environment, occupation, and performance
Rationale: PEOP emphasizes transactional relationships.
Occupational performance emerges from the fit between person
factors (physiological, cognitive, psychological), environment
(physical, social, cultural), and occupation demands.
5. A client with schizophrenia has difficulty initiating and
completing self-care tasks due to lack of motivation. The OT
uses a token economy to reinforce task completion. This
intervention is based on which frame of reference?
A) Biomechanical
B) Cognitive-behavioral (CBT)
NATIONAL BOARD FOR CERTIFICATION IN
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (NBCOT)
PRACTICE EXAM 2025|ORIGINAL
260+Qs&As|A+GRADE ASSURED
1. Which frame of reference focuses on the client’s ability to
process and integrate sensory information from the body and
environment to produce adaptive responses?
A) Biomechanical frame of reference
B) Sensory integration (SI) frame of reference
C) Cognitive-behavioral frame of reference
D) Psychodynamic frame of reference
Correct Answer: B) Sensory integration (SI) frame of reference
Rationale: SI theory (A. Jean Ayres) addresses sensory
modulation, discrimination, and praxis. Intervention includes
,Page 2 of 45
vestibular, proprioceptive, and tactile activities to improve
adaptive responses.
2. Scenario: An OT is working with a client who had a right
CVA and presents with left hemiparesis and neglect. The OT
uses mirror therapy and mental imagery to improve motor
function. This approach is most consistent with which frame
of reference?
A) Biomechanical
B) Motor learning
C) Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT)
D) Cognitive-behavioral
Correct Answer: B) Motor learning
Rationale: Mirror therapy and mental imagery are motor
learning strategies that promote cortical reorganization. NDT
focuses on handling and postural control. Biomechanical
addresses ROM/strength.
,Page 3 of 45
3. The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) considers which
three interrelated subsystems?
A) Volition, habituation, performance capacity
B) Sensory, motor, cognitive
C) Person, environment, occupation
D) Biological, psychological, social
Correct Answer: A) Volition, habituation, performance
capacity
Rationale: MOHO (Kielhofner): volition (motivation), habituation
(roles/routines), performance capacity (physical/mental skills).
Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model is different.
4. According to the Person-Environment-Occupation-
Performance (PEOP) model, occupational performance is
influenced by:
A) Only the client’s physical abilities
B) The interaction between the person, environment, occupation,
, Page 4 of 45
and performance
C) Only the environment
D) Only the occupation
Correct Answer: B) The interaction between the person,
environment, occupation, and performance
Rationale: PEOP emphasizes transactional relationships.
Occupational performance emerges from the fit between person
factors (physiological, cognitive, psychological), environment
(physical, social, cultural), and occupation demands.
5. A client with schizophrenia has difficulty initiating and
completing self-care tasks due to lack of motivation. The OT
uses a token economy to reinforce task completion. This
intervention is based on which frame of reference?
A) Biomechanical
B) Cognitive-behavioral (CBT)
