Page 1 of 58
NUR 108 TRANSITION TO THE
PROFESSIONAL NURSE ROLE|ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 300+Qs&As|GRADED
A+:- EXCELSIOR UNIVERSITY
1. Who is credited with establishing the first nursing school
(St. Thomas’ Hospital in London) and defining nursing as both
an art and a science?
A) Clara Barton
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Mary Mahoney
Correct Answer: B) Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing (1859) established
,Page 2 of 58
nursing education and sanitation principles. She is the founder of
modern nursing. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
2. Which nursing theorist developed the Theory of Human
Caring and emphasized the “carative factors” over “curative”
factors?
A) Jean Watson
B) Patricia Benner
C) Madeleine Leininger
D) Hildegard Peplau
Correct Answer: A) Jean Watson
Rationale: Watson’s theory focuses on the caring relationship and
the nurse’s presence. Leininger is transcultural nursing; Peplau is
interpersonal relations; Benner is novice to expert.
3. Scenario: A new RN tells a preceptor, “I’m following the
rules exactly as I learned, but I still feel unsure.” According to
Benner’s Novice to Expert model, this nurse is in which stage?
,Page 3 of 58
A) Novice
B) Advanced Beginner
C) Competent
D) Proficient
Correct Answer: A) Novice
Rationale: The novice follows context-free rules without flexible
judgment. Advanced beginner recognizes patterns; competent
plans consciously; proficient sees the whole situation.
4. Which component of the nursing process involves setting
measurable, realistic goals in collaboration with the patient?
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Evaluation
Correct Answer: C) Planning
Rationale: Planning includes goal setting and outcome
, Page 4 of 58
identification. Evaluation measures whether goals were met.
Assessment collects data; diagnosis identifies problems.
5. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, when applied to nursing,
prioritizes which need first?
A) Self-esteem
B) Safety and security
C) Physiological needs (air, water, food, shelter)
D) Love and belonging
Correct Answer: C) Physiological needs
Rationale: Maslow’s pyramid places basic physiological needs at
the base. A patient experiencing airway compromise, hypoxia,
or severe pain must be addressed before psychosocial concerns.
6. The ANA’s Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice (3rd ed.)
defines the standard of practice as:
A) A legal document that varies by state
B) The authoritative statement of the duties that all registered
NUR 108 TRANSITION TO THE
PROFESSIONAL NURSE ROLE|ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 300+Qs&As|GRADED
A+:- EXCELSIOR UNIVERSITY
1. Who is credited with establishing the first nursing school
(St. Thomas’ Hospital in London) and defining nursing as both
an art and a science?
A) Clara Barton
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Mary Mahoney
Correct Answer: B) Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing (1859) established
,Page 2 of 58
nursing education and sanitation principles. She is the founder of
modern nursing. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
2. Which nursing theorist developed the Theory of Human
Caring and emphasized the “carative factors” over “curative”
factors?
A) Jean Watson
B) Patricia Benner
C) Madeleine Leininger
D) Hildegard Peplau
Correct Answer: A) Jean Watson
Rationale: Watson’s theory focuses on the caring relationship and
the nurse’s presence. Leininger is transcultural nursing; Peplau is
interpersonal relations; Benner is novice to expert.
3. Scenario: A new RN tells a preceptor, “I’m following the
rules exactly as I learned, but I still feel unsure.” According to
Benner’s Novice to Expert model, this nurse is in which stage?
,Page 3 of 58
A) Novice
B) Advanced Beginner
C) Competent
D) Proficient
Correct Answer: A) Novice
Rationale: The novice follows context-free rules without flexible
judgment. Advanced beginner recognizes patterns; competent
plans consciously; proficient sees the whole situation.
4. Which component of the nursing process involves setting
measurable, realistic goals in collaboration with the patient?
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Evaluation
Correct Answer: C) Planning
Rationale: Planning includes goal setting and outcome
, Page 4 of 58
identification. Evaluation measures whether goals were met.
Assessment collects data; diagnosis identifies problems.
5. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, when applied to nursing,
prioritizes which need first?
A) Self-esteem
B) Safety and security
C) Physiological needs (air, water, food, shelter)
D) Love and belonging
Correct Answer: C) Physiological needs
Rationale: Maslow’s pyramid places basic physiological needs at
the base. A patient experiencing airway compromise, hypoxia,
or severe pain must be addressed before psychosocial concerns.
6. The ANA’s Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice (3rd ed.)
defines the standard of practice as:
A) A legal document that varies by state
B) The authoritative statement of the duties that all registered
