BI 232 Midterm 1 Exam Questions With Correct Answers

BI 232 Midterm 1 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers


neuron cell body - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the integrative center
| | | | | | |




Dendrites - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-receptive zone
| | | |




axon hillock - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-trigger zone, where action
| | | | | | | |



potential starts |




Axon - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-transmission zone, single fiber extending
| | | | | | | |



to terminal branches
| |




Axon terminals - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-communicative zone, action
| | | | | | |



potential releases NTs
| |




Schwann cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-produce fatty myelin that
| | | | | | | |



insulates axon, increasing speed of nerve impulse; only found in
| | | | | | | | | |



peripheral nervous system | |

,Node of Ranvier - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-small gap between myelinated
| | | | | | | |



|segments where axon membrane is exposed; increase speed of
| | | | | | | | |



impulses


Synapse - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-contact between axon terminal and
| | | | | | | |



effector


sequence of a synapse - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Action potential reaches
| | | | | | | |



axon terminal of the pre-synaptic neuron, opens voltage gated Ca
| | | | | | | | | | |



channels, Ca binds to SNARE proteins, vesicles bind to membrane
| | | | | | | | | |



release NT that cross synaptic cleft, bind with receptors on post synaptic
| | | | | | | | | | |



effector, effector is activated
| | | |




voltage-gated Na channels - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-open first (fast
| | | | | | | |



channels) and cause the depolarization wave of the AP down axon (Na
| | | | | | | | | | | |



rushes in and brings positive charge)
| | | | |




voltage-gated Ca channels - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-found in the axon
| | | | | | | | |



terminal of the neuron and allow calcium to pass in when an impulse is
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |



received. The calcium binds to the vesicles and causes them to bind to
| | | | | | | | | | | | |



the membrane and dump their neurotransmitter
| | | | |




synaptic vesicles store - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-neurotransmitters,
| | | | | |



release through exocytosis
| |

, chemically gated Na channels - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-located on post-
| | | | | | | |



synaptic neuron, when NT's bind the channels open, Na floods in and
| | | | | | | | | | | |



creates AP on post-synpatic neuron
| | | |




Nuerotransmitters - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Chemical messengers that | | | | | |



cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. Released by the pre-synaptic
| | | | | | | | | |



neuron, travel across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor sites on the
| | | | | | | | | | | | |



post-synaptic neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will
| | | | | | | |



generate a neural impulse. Either break down or are actively pumped
| | | | | | | | | | |



back into pre-synaptic cell (reuptake)
| | | |




resting membrane potential - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-An electrical
| | | | | | |



potential established across the plasma membrane of all cells by the
| | | | | | | | | | |



Na+/K+ ATPase and the K+ leak channels. IN most cells, the resting
| | | | | | | | | | | |



membrane potential is approximately -70 mV with respect to the
| | | | | | | | | |



outside of the cell.| | |




threshold membrane potential - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--60mV, causes
| | | | | | |



voltage-controlled ion gates to open and allows action potential to | | | | | | | | | |



occur


graded potential - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-when an NT binds to
| | | | | | | | |



chemically gated channel on dendrite opening either Na or K gates, can
| | | | | | | | | | | |



lead to an action potential
| | | |