WJEC Criminology LEVEL 3 EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. WJEC Level 3 - ANSWER ✔ Qualification for Applied Diploma in
Criminology.
2. OFQUAL - ANSWER ✔ Regulatory body for educational qualifications in
England.
3. CCEA - ANSWER ✔ Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and
Assessment.
4. Qualifications Wales - ANSWER ✔ Regulatory body for qualifications in
Wales.
5. Specification - ANSWER ✔ Document outlining course structure and
requirements.
6. Guided Learning Hours (GLH) - ANSWER ✔ Hours of direct teaching and
support for students.
7. Total Qualification Time (TQT) - ANSWER ✔ Total time expected for
completing the qualification.
8. External Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation conducted by an external
examiner.
9. Internal Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation conducted by the teaching
institution.
,10.Synoptic Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Assessment covering multiple units or
themes.
11.Standardisation - ANSWER ✔ Process ensuring consistent assessment
across different assessors.
12.Case Studies - ANSWER ✔ Detailed analyses of specific legal cases.
13.Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Non-professionals like juries and magistrates in
trials.
14.Strengths of Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Diverse perspectives and
community representation in verdicts.
15.Weaknesses of Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Potential biases and lack of legal
knowledge.
16.Validity of Information - ANSWER ✔ Accuracy and reliability of sources
in criminal cases.
17.Information Sources - ANSWER ✔ Various origins of data used for case
evaluation.
18.Objective Conclusions - ANSWER ✔ Judgments based on evidence and
logical reasoning.
19.Subjective Conclusions - ANSWER ✔ Judgments influenced by personal
opinions or feelings.
20.Assessment Requirements - ANSWER ✔ Criteria for evaluating student
performance in criminology.
21.Task Setting - ANSWER ✔ Guidelines for creating assessment tasks for
students.
22.Task Taking - ANSWER ✔ Controls for time, resources, and supervision
during assessments.
,23.Task Marking - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation of student work against set
criteria.
24.Model Assignment - ANSWER ✔ Template provided for structured
assessment tasks.
25.Controlled Assessment Conditions - ANSWER ✔ Regulated environment
for conducting evaluations.
26.Crown Court - ANSWER ✔ Higher court dealing with serious criminal
cases.
27.Magistrates' Court - ANSWER ✔ Lower court handling minor criminal
offenses.
28.Barristers' Chambers - ANSWER ✔ Offices where barristers prepare legal
cases.
29.Public Interest Test - ANSWER ✔ Assessment of societal benefits in
prosecution decisions.
30.Lombroso - Atavistic Theory > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔ Idea:
Criminals are born, not made
Some people are evolutionary throwbacks
Key features:
Sloping forehead
Large jaw
Large ears
Asymmetrical face
Aggression / lack of remorse
Why crime happens:
Criminality is inherited and biological
Evidence to support the theory:
Lombroso studied thousands of prisoners
He claimed offenders shared common physical features
He argued violent criminals had more atavistic traits
✅ You do not need statistics — just say he studied prisoners
, Exam use:
Easy biological explanation
Good to criticise
Criticisms (know ONE):
Deterministic (ignores free will)
Outdated and unscientific
Ignores social factors
31.Genetic Theory (Supported by Twin & Adoption Studies)
- Johannes Lange / Karl Christiansen (They found the evidence as
well)) > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔ Idea:
Criminal behaviour is influenced by genes
Crime can run in families
Key features:
Inherited traits such as aggression and impulsivity
Genetic predisposition, not destiny
Evidence (VERY USEFUL):
Twin studies - Johannes Lange:
Studied identical and non-identical twins
Found higher crime similarity in identical twins
Suggested genetics influence criminal behaviour
Adoption studies - Karl Christiansen:
Studied adopted children
Found criminal behaviour was more linked to biological parents than adoptive
ones
✅ This is strong supporting evidence
Why crime happens:
Inherited traits increase likelihood of offending
Exam use:
Modern biological explanation
Good contrast with sociological theories
Criticisms (know ONE):
Cannot separate genetics from environment
Many people with criminal relatives do not offend
32.Brain Abnormalities - Adrian Raine > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔
Idea:
Criminal behaviour is linked to brain abnormalities
Damage to certain parts of the brain affects behaviour
GUIDE 2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. WJEC Level 3 - ANSWER ✔ Qualification for Applied Diploma in
Criminology.
2. OFQUAL - ANSWER ✔ Regulatory body for educational qualifications in
England.
3. CCEA - ANSWER ✔ Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and
Assessment.
4. Qualifications Wales - ANSWER ✔ Regulatory body for qualifications in
Wales.
5. Specification - ANSWER ✔ Document outlining course structure and
requirements.
6. Guided Learning Hours (GLH) - ANSWER ✔ Hours of direct teaching and
support for students.
7. Total Qualification Time (TQT) - ANSWER ✔ Total time expected for
completing the qualification.
8. External Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation conducted by an external
examiner.
9. Internal Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation conducted by the teaching
institution.
,10.Synoptic Assessment - ANSWER ✔ Assessment covering multiple units or
themes.
11.Standardisation - ANSWER ✔ Process ensuring consistent assessment
across different assessors.
12.Case Studies - ANSWER ✔ Detailed analyses of specific legal cases.
13.Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Non-professionals like juries and magistrates in
trials.
14.Strengths of Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Diverse perspectives and
community representation in verdicts.
15.Weaknesses of Laypeople - ANSWER ✔ Potential biases and lack of legal
knowledge.
16.Validity of Information - ANSWER ✔ Accuracy and reliability of sources
in criminal cases.
17.Information Sources - ANSWER ✔ Various origins of data used for case
evaluation.
18.Objective Conclusions - ANSWER ✔ Judgments based on evidence and
logical reasoning.
19.Subjective Conclusions - ANSWER ✔ Judgments influenced by personal
opinions or feelings.
20.Assessment Requirements - ANSWER ✔ Criteria for evaluating student
performance in criminology.
21.Task Setting - ANSWER ✔ Guidelines for creating assessment tasks for
students.
22.Task Taking - ANSWER ✔ Controls for time, resources, and supervision
during assessments.
,23.Task Marking - ANSWER ✔ Evaluation of student work against set
criteria.
24.Model Assignment - ANSWER ✔ Template provided for structured
assessment tasks.
25.Controlled Assessment Conditions - ANSWER ✔ Regulated environment
for conducting evaluations.
26.Crown Court - ANSWER ✔ Higher court dealing with serious criminal
cases.
27.Magistrates' Court - ANSWER ✔ Lower court handling minor criminal
offenses.
28.Barristers' Chambers - ANSWER ✔ Offices where barristers prepare legal
cases.
29.Public Interest Test - ANSWER ✔ Assessment of societal benefits in
prosecution decisions.
30.Lombroso - Atavistic Theory > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔ Idea:
Criminals are born, not made
Some people are evolutionary throwbacks
Key features:
Sloping forehead
Large jaw
Large ears
Asymmetrical face
Aggression / lack of remorse
Why crime happens:
Criminality is inherited and biological
Evidence to support the theory:
Lombroso studied thousands of prisoners
He claimed offenders shared common physical features
He argued violent criminals had more atavistic traits
✅ You do not need statistics — just say he studied prisoners
, Exam use:
Easy biological explanation
Good to criticise
Criticisms (know ONE):
Deterministic (ignores free will)
Outdated and unscientific
Ignores social factors
31.Genetic Theory (Supported by Twin & Adoption Studies)
- Johannes Lange / Karl Christiansen (They found the evidence as
well)) > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔ Idea:
Criminal behaviour is influenced by genes
Crime can run in families
Key features:
Inherited traits such as aggression and impulsivity
Genetic predisposition, not destiny
Evidence (VERY USEFUL):
Twin studies - Johannes Lange:
Studied identical and non-identical twins
Found higher crime similarity in identical twins
Suggested genetics influence criminal behaviour
Adoption studies - Karl Christiansen:
Studied adopted children
Found criminal behaviour was more linked to biological parents than adoptive
ones
✅ This is strong supporting evidence
Why crime happens:
Inherited traits increase likelihood of offending
Exam use:
Modern biological explanation
Good contrast with sociological theories
Criticisms (know ONE):
Cannot separate genetics from environment
Many people with criminal relatives do not offend
32.Brain Abnormalities - Adrian Raine > Biological theory - ANSWER ✔
Idea:
Criminal behaviour is linked to brain abnormalities
Damage to certain parts of the brain affects behaviour
