Mgmt 335 Exam 2 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Motivation - CORRECT ANSWER A psychological process that causes direction, intensity, and
persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed.
What Affects Motivation? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Individual Differences
2) The Situation
3) The Organizational Context
What Affects Motivation: Individual Differences - CORRECT ANSWER -
Personality/Disposition
- Cognitions: attitudes, values, beliefs, etc.
What Affects Motivation: The Situation - CORRECT ANSWER - The nature of the work
- Working conditions
- Competing tasks
- Interpersonal/group influences
What Affects Motivation: The Organizational Context - CORRECT ANSWER - Resources,
systems, rewards, etc.
Critical Distinction Between Performance and Motivation - CORRECT ANSWER Poor
performance DOES NOT equal a lack of motivation!!!!!!!!!!
Poor Performance =/= Lack of Motivation
Performance Function = - CORRECT ANSWER = Motivation * Ability * Environment
Effective Managers Need to Properly Diagnose Causes of Performance Problems: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Individual's lack of ability
- Contextual factors
,- Motivational direction
Types of Motivational Theories - CORRECT ANSWER - Need Theories
- Cognitive Theories
* Self-Efficacy; Expectation Theory
* Equity Theory/Justice
* Goal Theory
- Behavioral Theories
* Reinforcement/Operant Conditioning
- Job Design
- Social Influence
Vroom's Expectancy Theory - CORRECT ANSWER VIE; Valence, Instrumentality, Expectancy
- can go from 0 - 1 (valence from -1 - +1)
- if ANY section is 0 or less than 0, motivation is at 0.
- motivation increases as desired outcomes are added that are linked to performance.
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER Will I succeed at the task?
- Ability, resources, environment
- Self-Efficacy
- Mood
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Instrumentality - CORRECT ANSWER Will I be rewarded for
succeeding?
- Company policies, past experiences
- Locus of control
- Information
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Valence - CORRECT ANSWER Do I want the reward?
- Needs
, Practical Implications of VIE - CORRECT ANSWER - Clearly define expectations
- Make outcomes valuable
- Make work doable
- Provide feedback
- Reinforce employees who meet expectations
Self-Efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER A person's belief about his/her ability to successfully
accomplish a specific task (task-specific confidence).
How Can Self-Efficacy be Increased? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mastery experiences
- Feedback
- Modeling
- Social Persuasion
**Managers, coworkers, job design, training, and rewards can provide some or all of these.
Goal Setting Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Goal Specificity
- Goal Difficulty
- Necessary Conditions
Goal Setting Theory: Goal Specificity - CORRECT ANSWER Specific goals are better than
"do your best" goals
Goal Setting Theory: Goal Difficulty - CORRECT ANSWER Difficult goals are better than
easier goals (but must be achievable)
Goal Setting Theory: Necessary Conditions - CORRECT ANSWER - Goal acceptance and
commitment
- Feedback
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Motivation - CORRECT ANSWER A psychological process that causes direction, intensity, and
persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed.
What Affects Motivation? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Individual Differences
2) The Situation
3) The Organizational Context
What Affects Motivation: Individual Differences - CORRECT ANSWER -
Personality/Disposition
- Cognitions: attitudes, values, beliefs, etc.
What Affects Motivation: The Situation - CORRECT ANSWER - The nature of the work
- Working conditions
- Competing tasks
- Interpersonal/group influences
What Affects Motivation: The Organizational Context - CORRECT ANSWER - Resources,
systems, rewards, etc.
Critical Distinction Between Performance and Motivation - CORRECT ANSWER Poor
performance DOES NOT equal a lack of motivation!!!!!!!!!!
Poor Performance =/= Lack of Motivation
Performance Function = - CORRECT ANSWER = Motivation * Ability * Environment
Effective Managers Need to Properly Diagnose Causes of Performance Problems: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Individual's lack of ability
- Contextual factors
,- Motivational direction
Types of Motivational Theories - CORRECT ANSWER - Need Theories
- Cognitive Theories
* Self-Efficacy; Expectation Theory
* Equity Theory/Justice
* Goal Theory
- Behavioral Theories
* Reinforcement/Operant Conditioning
- Job Design
- Social Influence
Vroom's Expectancy Theory - CORRECT ANSWER VIE; Valence, Instrumentality, Expectancy
- can go from 0 - 1 (valence from -1 - +1)
- if ANY section is 0 or less than 0, motivation is at 0.
- motivation increases as desired outcomes are added that are linked to performance.
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER Will I succeed at the task?
- Ability, resources, environment
- Self-Efficacy
- Mood
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Instrumentality - CORRECT ANSWER Will I be rewarded for
succeeding?
- Company policies, past experiences
- Locus of control
- Information
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Valence - CORRECT ANSWER Do I want the reward?
- Needs
, Practical Implications of VIE - CORRECT ANSWER - Clearly define expectations
- Make outcomes valuable
- Make work doable
- Provide feedback
- Reinforce employees who meet expectations
Self-Efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER A person's belief about his/her ability to successfully
accomplish a specific task (task-specific confidence).
How Can Self-Efficacy be Increased? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mastery experiences
- Feedback
- Modeling
- Social Persuasion
**Managers, coworkers, job design, training, and rewards can provide some or all of these.
Goal Setting Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Goal Specificity
- Goal Difficulty
- Necessary Conditions
Goal Setting Theory: Goal Specificity - CORRECT ANSWER Specific goals are better than
"do your best" goals
Goal Setting Theory: Goal Difficulty - CORRECT ANSWER Difficult goals are better than
easier goals (but must be achievable)
Goal Setting Theory: Necessary Conditions - CORRECT ANSWER - Goal acceptance and
commitment
- Feedback
