NURS 5334 ANTIMICROBIALS PRACTICE
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Trough.
Answer: lowest concentration measured just before next dose. Confirms
that concentration remains above minimum effective level throughout
dosing period.
●● First Pass Metabolism.
Answer: Concentration of drug is significantly reduced by liver and GI
before it reaches bloodstream.
If more stable to 1st pass- lower doses are needed bc more drug reaches
systemic circulation with higher bioavailability.
●● Antithymocyte Globulin.
Answer: used at time of transplant to prevent early rejection or in severe
rejection or steroid resistant.
Thyroglobulin-rabbit
Atgam- horse
●● Basiliximab (Simulect).
,Answer: Prevents acute kidney rejection. Inhibits ability to activate t-cell
response. Used in induction as apposed to rejection.
●● Alemtuzumab.
Answer: (Monoclonal) Causes B/T cell depletion. Used in transplant
induction and antirejection. Treats MS/ CLL
●● Rituximab.
Answer: B-cell depletion. B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant
lymphoproliferative disease, RA. BB warning: reactivation of JC virus
and Hep B.
●● Bortezomib.
Answer: proteasome inhibitor that causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
of normal plasma cells thus decreasing bodies ability to make antibodies.
Metabolized. by CYP450.
●● IVIG.
Answer: inhibits binding of antibodies to transplanted organ and
activation of complement.
Used for pretransplant desensitization and treating AMR (antibody-
mediated rejection)
●● Calcineurin inhibitors.
,Answer: Cyclosporine (CYA)
Tacrolimus- renal, liver, cardiac organ transplant.
trough levels.
renal toxicity.
●● Costimulation Blockers.
Answer: prevents immune system (t-cells) from attacking a transplanted
organ. Also, approved for treating autoimmune disorders (RA)
Belatacept- organ rejection
Abatacept- RA
Draw titers for EBV prior to administration
●● mTOR Inhibitors.
Answer: suppress immune system and treat cancer.
Rapamycin- cardiac stents
Everolimus- breast cancer
●● Antiproliferatives.
Answer: block lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting nucleic acid
synthesis. Immunosuppression. Used in conjunction with calcineurin
inhibitors +/- steroids.
Azathioprine-
Mycophenolate mofetil- block T/B cell proliferation.
, ●● Corticosteroids.
Answer: suppress acute rejection, RA, SLE, asthma.
ADE: elevated lipids, blood sugar, osteoporosis, HTN, cataracts
●● Follicular (proliferative).
Answer: endometrium builds up gradually increasing levels of estrogen,
when hormone reaches critical level estradiol is produced.
●● Luteal (secretory) phase.
Answer: progesterone is major hormone in this phase
●● Prostaglandin.
Answer: most common symptom is crampine d/t this hormone like
substance
●● Polymenorrhagia.
Answer: Frequent menstrual cycles occuring <21 days apart
●● Oligomenorrhea.
Answer: infrequent or irregular menstrual cycles. Bleeding lasts >35
days.
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Trough.
Answer: lowest concentration measured just before next dose. Confirms
that concentration remains above minimum effective level throughout
dosing period.
●● First Pass Metabolism.
Answer: Concentration of drug is significantly reduced by liver and GI
before it reaches bloodstream.
If more stable to 1st pass- lower doses are needed bc more drug reaches
systemic circulation with higher bioavailability.
●● Antithymocyte Globulin.
Answer: used at time of transplant to prevent early rejection or in severe
rejection or steroid resistant.
Thyroglobulin-rabbit
Atgam- horse
●● Basiliximab (Simulect).
,Answer: Prevents acute kidney rejection. Inhibits ability to activate t-cell
response. Used in induction as apposed to rejection.
●● Alemtuzumab.
Answer: (Monoclonal) Causes B/T cell depletion. Used in transplant
induction and antirejection. Treats MS/ CLL
●● Rituximab.
Answer: B-cell depletion. B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant
lymphoproliferative disease, RA. BB warning: reactivation of JC virus
and Hep B.
●● Bortezomib.
Answer: proteasome inhibitor that causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
of normal plasma cells thus decreasing bodies ability to make antibodies.
Metabolized. by CYP450.
●● IVIG.
Answer: inhibits binding of antibodies to transplanted organ and
activation of complement.
Used for pretransplant desensitization and treating AMR (antibody-
mediated rejection)
●● Calcineurin inhibitors.
,Answer: Cyclosporine (CYA)
Tacrolimus- renal, liver, cardiac organ transplant.
trough levels.
renal toxicity.
●● Costimulation Blockers.
Answer: prevents immune system (t-cells) from attacking a transplanted
organ. Also, approved for treating autoimmune disorders (RA)
Belatacept- organ rejection
Abatacept- RA
Draw titers for EBV prior to administration
●● mTOR Inhibitors.
Answer: suppress immune system and treat cancer.
Rapamycin- cardiac stents
Everolimus- breast cancer
●● Antiproliferatives.
Answer: block lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting nucleic acid
synthesis. Immunosuppression. Used in conjunction with calcineurin
inhibitors +/- steroids.
Azathioprine-
Mycophenolate mofetil- block T/B cell proliferation.
, ●● Corticosteroids.
Answer: suppress acute rejection, RA, SLE, asthma.
ADE: elevated lipids, blood sugar, osteoporosis, HTN, cataracts
●● Follicular (proliferative).
Answer: endometrium builds up gradually increasing levels of estrogen,
when hormone reaches critical level estradiol is produced.
●● Luteal (secretory) phase.
Answer: progesterone is major hormone in this phase
●● Prostaglandin.
Answer: most common symptom is crampine d/t this hormone like
substance
●● Polymenorrhagia.
Answer: Frequent menstrual cycles occuring <21 days apart
●● Oligomenorrhea.
Answer: infrequent or irregular menstrual cycles. Bleeding lasts >35
days.
