NOTES AND STRUCTURED BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW GUIDE
◉ computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). Answer: The use of
computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to
sequence and optimize a number of production processes.
◉ concentration. Answer: A strategy employed for an organization
that operates a single business and competes in a single industry.
◉ concentric diversification. Answer: A strategy used to add new
businesses that produce related products or are involved in related
markets and activities.
◉ conceptual and decision skills. Answer: Skills pertaining to the
ability to identify and resolve problems for the benefit of the
organization and its members.
◉ concurrent control. Answer: The control process used while plans
are being carried out, including directing, monitoring, and fine-
tuning activities as they are performed.
,◉ conflict. Answer: Opposing pressures from different sources,
occurring on the level of psychological conflict or of conflict between
individuals or groups.
◉ conglomerate diversification. Answer: A strategy used to add new
businesses that produce unrelated products or are involved in
unrelated markets and activities.
◉ contingency plans. Answer: Alternative courses of action that can
be implemented based on how the future unfolds.
◉ continuous process. Answer: A process that is highly automated
and has a continuous production flow.
◉ control. Answer: Any process that directs the activities of
individuals toward the achievement of organizational goals.
◉ controlling. Answer: The management function of monitoring
performance and making needed changes.
◉ cooperative strategies. Answer: Strategies used by two or more
organizations working together to manage the external
environment.
,◉ coordination by mutual adjustment. Answer: Units interact with
one another to make accommodations to achieve flexible
coordination.
◉ coordination by plan. Answer: Interdependent units are required
to meet deadlines and objectives that contribute to a common goal.
◉ core competence. Answer: A unique skill and/or knowledge an
organization possesses that give it an edge over competitors.
◉ corporate governance. Answer: The role of a corporation's
executive staff and board of directors in ensuring that the firm's
activities meet the goals of the firm's stakeholders.
◉ corporate social responsibility (CSR). Answer: Obligation toward
society assumed by business.
◉ corporate strategy. Answer: The set of businesses, markets, or
industries in which an organization competes and the distribution of
resources among those entities.
◉ cost competitiveness. Answer: Keeping costs low to achieve
profits and be able to offer prices that are attractive to consumers.
, ◉ current ratio. Answer: A liquidity ratio that indicates the extent to
which short-term assets can decline and still be adequate to pay
short-term liabilities.
◉ customer relationship management (CRM). Answer: A
multifaceted process focusing on creating two-way exchanges with
customers to foster intimate knowledge of their needs, wants, and
buying patterns.
◉ custom-made solutions. Answer: New, creative solutions designed
specifically for the problem.
◉ debt-equity ratio. Answer: A leverage ratio that indicates the
company's ability to meet its long-term financial obligations.
◉ decentralized organization. Answer: An organization in which
lower-level managers make important decisions.
◉ defenders. Answer: Companies that stay within a stable product
domain as a strategic maneuver.
◉ delegation. Answer: The assignment of new or additional
responsibilities to a subordinate.