Page 1 of 27
01 June 2026
Pathophysiology Exam 2 2026/2027 Latest PREP
EXAM with 100 Questions and Correct Answers /
Pathophysiology Exam COVERING RECENT AND
MOST TESTED QUESTIONS A+ GRADE ASSURED
A child is brought to the emergency department struggling to breathe with a prolonged
bronchospasm and severe hypoxemia. Assessment revealed the use of accessory muscles, a weak
cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
a) Pulmonary embolism
b) Severe asthma attack
c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d) Cystic fibrosis - correct answer-b) Severe asthma attack
A client with a history of heart failure and COPD (caused by 60 pack/year smoking) presents to the
clinic with the following complaints: auscultation of breath sounds reveal absent/diminished
breath sounds in the right lower lobe. Which other manifestations lead the health care provider to
suspect the client may have developed atelectasis? Select all that apply.
a) "Having a hard time catching my breath."
b) Respiratory rate—32; pulse rate—122 beats/minute.
c) Using accessory muscles to help him breathe.
d) "Seems like I'm not making much water (decreased urine production)."
e) Copious amounts of thick, green sputum. - correct answer-a) "Having a hard time catching my
breath."
b) Respiratory rate—32; pulse rate—122 beats/minute.
c) Using accessory muscles to help him breathe.
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Select the client at highest risk for the development of
atelectasis.
a) The client who is mobile within 24 hours after abdominal surgery
b) The client who is postop total knee replacement and receiving client-controlled analgesia
c) The client with a lower leg cast who changes position every 2 hours
, Page 2 of 27
01 June 2026
d) The client diagnosed with pneumonia who performs frequent coughing and deep breathing
exercises - correct answer-b) The client who is postop total knee replacement and receiving client-
controlled analgesia
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder involving the secretion of fluids in specific
exocrine glands. The genetic defect in CF inclines a person to chronic respiratory infections from a
small group of organisms. Which organisms create chronic infection in a child with cystic fibrosis?
a) Staphylococcus aureus and hepatitis C
b) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli
c) Haemophilus influenzae and influenza A
d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus - correct answer-d) Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
The health care provider suspects a newly admitted client may have a hemothorax. The client
most likely experienced:
a) Renal failure
b) Pneumonia
c) Congestive heart failure
d) Fractured or dislocated ribs - correct answer-d) Fractured or dislocated ribs
Unilateral chest pain associated with respiratory movements is usually described as which of the
following?
a) Bronchitic
b) Myocardial
c) Pleuritic
d) Musculoskeletal - correct answer-c) Pleuritic
A client comes to the emergency room with all the symptoms of a myodardial infarction. Which
lab value does the nurse suspect the physician will order which is known to have a high specificity
for myocardial tissue and has become the primary biomarker test for diagnosing an MI?
a) Creatine kinase
b) Potassium
c) Troponin assays
d) Phosphorous - correct answer-c) Troponin assays
, Page 3 of 27
01 June 2026
ST-elevated myocardial infarction is accompanied by severe, crushing pain. Morphine is the drug
of choice used to treat the pain of STEMI when the pain cannot be relieved with oxygen and
nitrates. Why is morphine considered the drug of choice in STEMI?
a) Action relieves pain and gives sense of depression.
b) Action increases autonomic nervous system activity.
c) Action decreases metabolic demands of the heart.
d) Action increases anxiety increasing metabolic demands of the heart. - correct answer-c) Action
decreases metabolic demands of the heart.
Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk of developing rheumatic heart disease?
a) Young adult with viral meningitis
b) Older adult with shingles
c) Child with impetigo on the face
d) Teenager with untreated strep throat - correct answer-d) Teenager with untreated strep throat
A client who is experiencing angina at rest that has been increasing in intensity should be
instructed to do which of the following?
a) See the doctor for evaluation immediately.
b) Not worry about it as this is common for someone who has already had a myocardial infarction.
c) Take a second nitroglycerine.
d) Give it 5-10 minutes more to see if there is relief. - correct answer-a) See the doctor for
evaluation immediately.
While studying the heart the nursing instructor teaches about pericarditis. Which of the following
does she tell the student best defines this disease?
a) It is a result of suffering a myocardial infarction.
b) It is a congenital disease.
c) It is an inflammatory process.
d) It is an autoimmune response to stress. - correct answer-c) It is an inflammatory process.
01 June 2026
Pathophysiology Exam 2 2026/2027 Latest PREP
EXAM with 100 Questions and Correct Answers /
Pathophysiology Exam COVERING RECENT AND
MOST TESTED QUESTIONS A+ GRADE ASSURED
A child is brought to the emergency department struggling to breathe with a prolonged
bronchospasm and severe hypoxemia. Assessment revealed the use of accessory muscles, a weak
cough, audible wheezing sound, moist skin, and tachycardia. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
a) Pulmonary embolism
b) Severe asthma attack
c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d) Cystic fibrosis - correct answer-b) Severe asthma attack
A client with a history of heart failure and COPD (caused by 60 pack/year smoking) presents to the
clinic with the following complaints: auscultation of breath sounds reveal absent/diminished
breath sounds in the right lower lobe. Which other manifestations lead the health care provider to
suspect the client may have developed atelectasis? Select all that apply.
a) "Having a hard time catching my breath."
b) Respiratory rate—32; pulse rate—122 beats/minute.
c) Using accessory muscles to help him breathe.
d) "Seems like I'm not making much water (decreased urine production)."
e) Copious amounts of thick, green sputum. - correct answer-a) "Having a hard time catching my
breath."
b) Respiratory rate—32; pulse rate—122 beats/minute.
c) Using accessory muscles to help him breathe.
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Select the client at highest risk for the development of
atelectasis.
a) The client who is mobile within 24 hours after abdominal surgery
b) The client who is postop total knee replacement and receiving client-controlled analgesia
c) The client with a lower leg cast who changes position every 2 hours
, Page 2 of 27
01 June 2026
d) The client diagnosed with pneumonia who performs frequent coughing and deep breathing
exercises - correct answer-b) The client who is postop total knee replacement and receiving client-
controlled analgesia
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder involving the secretion of fluids in specific
exocrine glands. The genetic defect in CF inclines a person to chronic respiratory infections from a
small group of organisms. Which organisms create chronic infection in a child with cystic fibrosis?
a) Staphylococcus aureus and hepatitis C
b) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli
c) Haemophilus influenzae and influenza A
d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus - correct answer-d) Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
The health care provider suspects a newly admitted client may have a hemothorax. The client
most likely experienced:
a) Renal failure
b) Pneumonia
c) Congestive heart failure
d) Fractured or dislocated ribs - correct answer-d) Fractured or dislocated ribs
Unilateral chest pain associated with respiratory movements is usually described as which of the
following?
a) Bronchitic
b) Myocardial
c) Pleuritic
d) Musculoskeletal - correct answer-c) Pleuritic
A client comes to the emergency room with all the symptoms of a myodardial infarction. Which
lab value does the nurse suspect the physician will order which is known to have a high specificity
for myocardial tissue and has become the primary biomarker test for diagnosing an MI?
a) Creatine kinase
b) Potassium
c) Troponin assays
d) Phosphorous - correct answer-c) Troponin assays
, Page 3 of 27
01 June 2026
ST-elevated myocardial infarction is accompanied by severe, crushing pain. Morphine is the drug
of choice used to treat the pain of STEMI when the pain cannot be relieved with oxygen and
nitrates. Why is morphine considered the drug of choice in STEMI?
a) Action relieves pain and gives sense of depression.
b) Action increases autonomic nervous system activity.
c) Action decreases metabolic demands of the heart.
d) Action increases anxiety increasing metabolic demands of the heart. - correct answer-c) Action
decreases metabolic demands of the heart.
Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk of developing rheumatic heart disease?
a) Young adult with viral meningitis
b) Older adult with shingles
c) Child with impetigo on the face
d) Teenager with untreated strep throat - correct answer-d) Teenager with untreated strep throat
A client who is experiencing angina at rest that has been increasing in intensity should be
instructed to do which of the following?
a) See the doctor for evaluation immediately.
b) Not worry about it as this is common for someone who has already had a myocardial infarction.
c) Take a second nitroglycerine.
d) Give it 5-10 minutes more to see if there is relief. - correct answer-a) See the doctor for
evaluation immediately.
While studying the heart the nursing instructor teaches about pericarditis. Which of the following
does she tell the student best defines this disease?
a) It is a result of suffering a myocardial infarction.
b) It is a congenital disease.
c) It is an inflammatory process.
d) It is an autoimmune response to stress. - correct answer-c) It is an inflammatory process.
