NR-601 Primary Care of the Maturing
& Aged Family Certification Practice
Exam Newest 2025-2026 Update
Practice Questions Fast Reviewed
From Actual Exams 150 Questions
And 100% Verified Answers With
Convenient Explanations Grade A+
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A 68-year-old patient presents with fatigue and pallor. Laboratory findings show low
hemoglobin and low mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Which condition is most likely?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency anemia
C. Anemia of chronic disease
D. Folate deficiency
Answer: B. Iron deficiency anemia ✔
Rationale: Low MCV indicates microcytic anemia, most commonly due to iron
deficiency, often from chronic blood loss in older adults.
2. A 72-year-old patient complains of difficulty hearing in crowded environments. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A. Conductive hearing loss
B. Presbycusis
C. Otosclerosis
D. Ménière disease
Answer: B. Presbycusis ✔
Rationale: Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss, especially affecting
high-frequency sounds and speech discrimination.
3. Which screening is recommended annually for adults aged 65 and older?
A. Colonoscopy
B. Mammography
C. Influenza vaccination
D. Bone density scan
Answer: C. Influenza vaccination ✔
, Rationale: Annual influenza vaccination is recommended due to increased
morbidity and mortality in older adults.
4. A 70-year-old patient has a blood pressure reading of 150/90 mmHg. According to
current guidelines, what is the first-line treatment?
A. Beta-blocker
B. ACE inhibitor
C. Lifestyle modification
D. Calcium channel blocker
Answer: C. Lifestyle modification ✔
Rationale: Initial management includes lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and
sodium reduction unless compelling indications exist.
5. Which medication class is associated with increased fall risk in older adults?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. SSRIs
C. Benzodiazepines
D. Statins
Answer: C. Benzodiazepines ✔
Rationale: Benzodiazepines cause sedation, dizziness, and impaired coordination,
increasing fall risk.
6. A patient with type 2 diabetes has an A1C of 8.5%. What is the recommended target A1C
for most older adults?
A. <5.5%
B. <6.0%
C. <7.0%
D. <8.0%
Answer: D. <8.0% ✔
Rationale: In older adults, a less stringent A1C goal (<8%) is often appropriate to
reduce hypoglycemia risk.
7. Which condition is characterized by progressive memory loss and impaired executive
function?
A. Delirium
B. Depression
C. Alzheimer disease
D. Parkinson disease
Answer: C. Alzheimer disease ✔
Rationale: Alzheimer disease presents with gradual cognitive decline, especially
memory impairment and executive dysfunction.
8. A 75-year-old patient presents with sudden confusion and fluctuating consciousness.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Dementia
B. Delirium
C. Depression
D. Stroke
Answer: B. Delirium ✔
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and cognition,
often due to underlying illness.
, 9. Which vitamin deficiency is most associated with macrocytic anemia?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Vitamin B12 ✔
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes macrocytic anemia and may also lead to
neurological symptoms.
10. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis?
A. Calcium supplements
B. Vitamin D
C. Bisphosphonates
D. Estrogen therapy
Answer: C. Bisphosphonates ✔
Rationale: Bisphosphonates are first-line to reduce bone resorption and prevent
fractures.
11. A patient reports urinary urgency and frequency without infection. What is the likely
diagnosis?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Urge incontinence
C. Overflow incontinence
D. Functional incontinence
Answer: B. Urge incontinence ✔
Rationale: Urge incontinence involves overactive bladder contractions, leading to
urgency and frequency.
12. Which tool is commonly used to screen for depression in older adults?
A. MMSE
B. GAD-7
C. PHQ-9
D. Braden Scale
Answer: C. PHQ-9 ✔
Rationale: The PHQ-9 is widely used to assess depression severity in primary care.
13. A 69-year-old smoker presents with chronic cough and dyspnea. Which diagnosis is most
likely?
A. Asthma
B. COPD
C. Pneumonia
D. Tuberculosis
Answer: B. COPD ✔
Rationale: COPD is associated with smoking history and presents with chronic
respiratory symptoms.
14. Which immunization is recommended once after age 65?
A. Tdap
B. Pneumococcal vaccine
C. Influenza vaccine
D. Hepatitis B
& Aged Family Certification Practice
Exam Newest 2025-2026 Update
Practice Questions Fast Reviewed
From Actual Exams 150 Questions
And 100% Verified Answers With
Convenient Explanations Grade A+
Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A 68-year-old patient presents with fatigue and pallor. Laboratory findings show low
hemoglobin and low mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Which condition is most likely?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency anemia
C. Anemia of chronic disease
D. Folate deficiency
Answer: B. Iron deficiency anemia ✔
Rationale: Low MCV indicates microcytic anemia, most commonly due to iron
deficiency, often from chronic blood loss in older adults.
2. A 72-year-old patient complains of difficulty hearing in crowded environments. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A. Conductive hearing loss
B. Presbycusis
C. Otosclerosis
D. Ménière disease
Answer: B. Presbycusis ✔
Rationale: Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss, especially affecting
high-frequency sounds and speech discrimination.
3. Which screening is recommended annually for adults aged 65 and older?
A. Colonoscopy
B. Mammography
C. Influenza vaccination
D. Bone density scan
Answer: C. Influenza vaccination ✔
, Rationale: Annual influenza vaccination is recommended due to increased
morbidity and mortality in older adults.
4. A 70-year-old patient has a blood pressure reading of 150/90 mmHg. According to
current guidelines, what is the first-line treatment?
A. Beta-blocker
B. ACE inhibitor
C. Lifestyle modification
D. Calcium channel blocker
Answer: C. Lifestyle modification ✔
Rationale: Initial management includes lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and
sodium reduction unless compelling indications exist.
5. Which medication class is associated with increased fall risk in older adults?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. SSRIs
C. Benzodiazepines
D. Statins
Answer: C. Benzodiazepines ✔
Rationale: Benzodiazepines cause sedation, dizziness, and impaired coordination,
increasing fall risk.
6. A patient with type 2 diabetes has an A1C of 8.5%. What is the recommended target A1C
for most older adults?
A. <5.5%
B. <6.0%
C. <7.0%
D. <8.0%
Answer: D. <8.0% ✔
Rationale: In older adults, a less stringent A1C goal (<8%) is often appropriate to
reduce hypoglycemia risk.
7. Which condition is characterized by progressive memory loss and impaired executive
function?
A. Delirium
B. Depression
C. Alzheimer disease
D. Parkinson disease
Answer: C. Alzheimer disease ✔
Rationale: Alzheimer disease presents with gradual cognitive decline, especially
memory impairment and executive dysfunction.
8. A 75-year-old patient presents with sudden confusion and fluctuating consciousness.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Dementia
B. Delirium
C. Depression
D. Stroke
Answer: B. Delirium ✔
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and cognition,
often due to underlying illness.
, 9. Which vitamin deficiency is most associated with macrocytic anemia?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Vitamin B12 ✔
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes macrocytic anemia and may also lead to
neurological symptoms.
10. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis?
A. Calcium supplements
B. Vitamin D
C. Bisphosphonates
D. Estrogen therapy
Answer: C. Bisphosphonates ✔
Rationale: Bisphosphonates are first-line to reduce bone resorption and prevent
fractures.
11. A patient reports urinary urgency and frequency without infection. What is the likely
diagnosis?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Urge incontinence
C. Overflow incontinence
D. Functional incontinence
Answer: B. Urge incontinence ✔
Rationale: Urge incontinence involves overactive bladder contractions, leading to
urgency and frequency.
12. Which tool is commonly used to screen for depression in older adults?
A. MMSE
B. GAD-7
C. PHQ-9
D. Braden Scale
Answer: C. PHQ-9 ✔
Rationale: The PHQ-9 is widely used to assess depression severity in primary care.
13. A 69-year-old smoker presents with chronic cough and dyspnea. Which diagnosis is most
likely?
A. Asthma
B. COPD
C. Pneumonia
D. Tuberculosis
Answer: B. COPD ✔
Rationale: COPD is associated with smoking history and presents with chronic
respiratory symptoms.
14. Which immunization is recommended once after age 65?
A. Tdap
B. Pneumococcal vaccine
C. Influenza vaccine
D. Hepatitis B
