MCHES Exam ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Needs Assessment A systematic process used to determine and prioritize health problems, needs,
and resources within a population.
Capacity Assessment Evaluation of community assets, resources, infrastructure, and readiness to
address health issues.
Community Health Assessment (CHA) A collaborative process that collects and analyzes health data to identify
community health needs.
Primary Data Data collected directly by the researcher for a specific purpose (e.g., surveys,
focus groups).
Secondary Data Existing data previously collected for another purpose (e.g., census data,
surveillance systems).
Quantitative Data Numerical data that can be statistically analyzed.
Qualitative Data Non-numerical data describing experiences, perceptions, or behaviors.
Key Informant Interview Structured interview with a knowledgeable community member to gain insight on
community health issues.
Focus Group Guided discussion with a small group to gather qualitative data about beliefs,
attitudes, or experiences.
Community Asset Mapping Identifying community strengths and resources that can support health initiatives.
, Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) Conditions in which people live, work, and age that influence health outcomes.
Health Disparities Differences in health outcomes between population groups.
Health Equity The attainment of the highest level of health for all people.
Stakeholder Any individual or group with an interest in a program or its outcomes.
Priority Setting Process of ranking health problems to determine which should be addressed first.
Nominal Group Technique Structured group method for generating and prioritizing ideas.
Delphi Technique Consensus-building method using multiple rounds of anonymous expert input.
Program Planning Systematic process of developing strategies to address identified health needs.
SMART Objectives Objectives that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
Behavioral Objective A measurable statement describing expected behavioral change.
Logic Model Visual representation linking program resources, activities, outputs, and outcomes.
Inputs Resources needed for program implementation (staff, funding, materials).
Activities Actions or interventions conducted during a program.
Outputs Immediate products of program activities (number of workshops, materials
distributed).
Outcomes Changes resulting from program activities (behavior change, health
improvement).
Evidence-Based Intervention Strategy supported by scientific research demonstrating effectiveness.
Program Theory Explanation of how and why a program will achieve its desired outcomes.
PRECEDE-PROCEED Model Planning model linking assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Social Ecological Model Framework recognizing multiple levels of influence on health behavior.
Health Belief Model Behavioral theory focusing on perceived risk, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy.
Theory of Planned Behavior Model explaining behavior through attitudes, norms, and perceived control.
Diffusion of Innovations Theory explaining how new ideas and practices spread through populations.
Cultural Competence Ability to design programs responsive to diverse cultural values and beliefs.
ANSWERS
Needs Assessment A systematic process used to determine and prioritize health problems, needs,
and resources within a population.
Capacity Assessment Evaluation of community assets, resources, infrastructure, and readiness to
address health issues.
Community Health Assessment (CHA) A collaborative process that collects and analyzes health data to identify
community health needs.
Primary Data Data collected directly by the researcher for a specific purpose (e.g., surveys,
focus groups).
Secondary Data Existing data previously collected for another purpose (e.g., census data,
surveillance systems).
Quantitative Data Numerical data that can be statistically analyzed.
Qualitative Data Non-numerical data describing experiences, perceptions, or behaviors.
Key Informant Interview Structured interview with a knowledgeable community member to gain insight on
community health issues.
Focus Group Guided discussion with a small group to gather qualitative data about beliefs,
attitudes, or experiences.
Community Asset Mapping Identifying community strengths and resources that can support health initiatives.
, Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) Conditions in which people live, work, and age that influence health outcomes.
Health Disparities Differences in health outcomes between population groups.
Health Equity The attainment of the highest level of health for all people.
Stakeholder Any individual or group with an interest in a program or its outcomes.
Priority Setting Process of ranking health problems to determine which should be addressed first.
Nominal Group Technique Structured group method for generating and prioritizing ideas.
Delphi Technique Consensus-building method using multiple rounds of anonymous expert input.
Program Planning Systematic process of developing strategies to address identified health needs.
SMART Objectives Objectives that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
Behavioral Objective A measurable statement describing expected behavioral change.
Logic Model Visual representation linking program resources, activities, outputs, and outcomes.
Inputs Resources needed for program implementation (staff, funding, materials).
Activities Actions or interventions conducted during a program.
Outputs Immediate products of program activities (number of workshops, materials
distributed).
Outcomes Changes resulting from program activities (behavior change, health
improvement).
Evidence-Based Intervention Strategy supported by scientific research demonstrating effectiveness.
Program Theory Explanation of how and why a program will achieve its desired outcomes.
PRECEDE-PROCEED Model Planning model linking assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Social Ecological Model Framework recognizing multiple levels of influence on health behavior.
Health Belief Model Behavioral theory focusing on perceived risk, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy.
Theory of Planned Behavior Model explaining behavior through attitudes, norms, and perceived control.
Diffusion of Innovations Theory explaining how new ideas and practices spread through populations.
Cultural Competence Ability to design programs responsive to diverse cultural values and beliefs.
