During videofluoroscopic evaluation of an adult patient, the SLPS L P notices material
in both pyriform sinuses after the patient swallows. Upon review, the SLPS L P sees
that both pyriform sinuses clear during the pharyngeal swallow but then refill quickly
as the structures return to rest. Which of the following statements best explains this
observation?
A.Pharyngeal stripping was not adequate to fully clear the pyriform sinuses, so there
was material in the pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
B.The patient had small pharyngeal pouches (pharyngoceles) that filled with barium
during the swallow and then emptied into the pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
C.Hyolaryngeal elevation was not sufficient, leaving material in the pyriform sinuses
after each swallow.
D.The patient had a tracheoesophageal fistula, and contrast was deposited in the
pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
Give this one a try later!
, (B) is correct. Pharyngoceles emptying into the sinuses after each swallow
could be diagnosed by analyzing slow-motion videofluoroscopic images.
At the start of a speech-language evaluation, James, a 3-year-old patient, fails a
hearing screening. There is no reported hearing deficit, and the child appears to
easily understand instructions from the SLPS L P. Which of the following is the most
appropriate next step for the evaluating SLPS L P?
A.Completing the speech-language evaluation and referring James for an audiologic
evaluation
B.Stopping the speech-language evaluation and referring James for an audiologic
evaluation
C.Continuing with the speech-language evaluation and noting that the screening was
failed likely because of poor cooperation
D.Interviewing the parents, reading any available outside reports, and basing a
diagnosis on those data
Give this one a try later!
(A) is correct. The child understands the instructions and the hearing is not
impacting the results, so it is appropriate to continue the speech-language
evaluation and refer the child for a hearing evaluation.
An SLPS L P is reviewing research literature for an evidence-based communication
intervention for a young child with autism spectrum disorder (ASDA S D). Which of the
following research designs provides the strongest proof of efficacy for evidence-
based communication intervention?
A.Case studies describing a successful treatment for a child with ASDA S D
B.Single case designs that rigorously test an intervention for a child with ASDA S D
C.A group design with children receiving two different ASDA S D treatments
simultaneously
D.Randomized controlled trials of a treatment including children with ASDA S D
,Give this one a try later!
(D) is correct. Randomized controlled trials randomly assign participants
into an experimental treatment group and a control group that does not
receive the treatment. Randomized controlled trials control bias, and
results can be statistically analyzed for effectiveness.
An SLPS L P designs a study to examine the effect of a new therapy technique in
comparison to the effect of the current standard approach. Patients are recruited and
randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. The outcomes
of each group will then be compared. Which of the following best describes the
SLP'sS L P's research project?
A.Cohort study
B.Controlled trial
C.Cross-sectional study
D.Case-Control study
Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. A controlled trial is the only study design option that involves
experimental manipulation; one group would be provided a treatment or
intervention, and the other would receive a placebo, a sham treatment, or
some other form of control.
Based on the long-term prognosis for CTEC T E, which of the following interventions
by the SLPS L P is most likely to benefit Brennan?
A.Word retrieval strategies
B.Patient/family counseling
C.Executive function retraining
D.Spaced retrieval training
, Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. Because CTEC T E is a progressive neurological illness with
limited empirical evidence of most effective treatments, the first step for
SLPsS L Ps is to provide counseling and supports.
An aphasia evaluation of a 68-year-old retired woman reveals utterances of one to
two words, no apraxia of speech, and relatively good comprehension. When the
patient makes production errors, they are typically semantic errors and she attempts
to correct them, often with success. Her goal is to use more words to convey ideas
using complete sentences. She is active and wants to communicate in various settings,
such as at her volunteer job, with her family, and when traveling. Which of the
following treatments best prioritizes the patient's language needs and personal
goals?
A.Providing a script for the patient to recite that allows her to tell people about her
stroke
B.Starting Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeSTV N e S T) to increase word
retrieval in untrained discourse
C.Engaging the patient in semantic feature analysis (SFAS F A) to teach her self-cuing
techniques and aid with word retrieval
D.Having the patient use melodic intonation treatment (MITM I T) to increase fluency
of commonly uttered phrases
Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. The patient's language impairment is related to word-retrieval
impairments that affect the ability to produce complete utterances. VNeSTV
N e S T has been shown to increase word-retrieval abilities in untrained
tasks, which could potentially aid in various functional scenarios.
The following components of a case history were collected from a medical record
review and interview with a patient and the patient's caregiver. The patient has a prior
in both pyriform sinuses after the patient swallows. Upon review, the SLPS L P sees
that both pyriform sinuses clear during the pharyngeal swallow but then refill quickly
as the structures return to rest. Which of the following statements best explains this
observation?
A.Pharyngeal stripping was not adequate to fully clear the pyriform sinuses, so there
was material in the pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
B.The patient had small pharyngeal pouches (pharyngoceles) that filled with barium
during the swallow and then emptied into the pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
C.Hyolaryngeal elevation was not sufficient, leaving material in the pyriform sinuses
after each swallow.
D.The patient had a tracheoesophageal fistula, and contrast was deposited in the
pyriform sinuses after each swallow.
Give this one a try later!
, (B) is correct. Pharyngoceles emptying into the sinuses after each swallow
could be diagnosed by analyzing slow-motion videofluoroscopic images.
At the start of a speech-language evaluation, James, a 3-year-old patient, fails a
hearing screening. There is no reported hearing deficit, and the child appears to
easily understand instructions from the SLPS L P. Which of the following is the most
appropriate next step for the evaluating SLPS L P?
A.Completing the speech-language evaluation and referring James for an audiologic
evaluation
B.Stopping the speech-language evaluation and referring James for an audiologic
evaluation
C.Continuing with the speech-language evaluation and noting that the screening was
failed likely because of poor cooperation
D.Interviewing the parents, reading any available outside reports, and basing a
diagnosis on those data
Give this one a try later!
(A) is correct. The child understands the instructions and the hearing is not
impacting the results, so it is appropriate to continue the speech-language
evaluation and refer the child for a hearing evaluation.
An SLPS L P is reviewing research literature for an evidence-based communication
intervention for a young child with autism spectrum disorder (ASDA S D). Which of the
following research designs provides the strongest proof of efficacy for evidence-
based communication intervention?
A.Case studies describing a successful treatment for a child with ASDA S D
B.Single case designs that rigorously test an intervention for a child with ASDA S D
C.A group design with children receiving two different ASDA S D treatments
simultaneously
D.Randomized controlled trials of a treatment including children with ASDA S D
,Give this one a try later!
(D) is correct. Randomized controlled trials randomly assign participants
into an experimental treatment group and a control group that does not
receive the treatment. Randomized controlled trials control bias, and
results can be statistically analyzed for effectiveness.
An SLPS L P designs a study to examine the effect of a new therapy technique in
comparison to the effect of the current standard approach. Patients are recruited and
randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. The outcomes
of each group will then be compared. Which of the following best describes the
SLP'sS L P's research project?
A.Cohort study
B.Controlled trial
C.Cross-sectional study
D.Case-Control study
Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. A controlled trial is the only study design option that involves
experimental manipulation; one group would be provided a treatment or
intervention, and the other would receive a placebo, a sham treatment, or
some other form of control.
Based on the long-term prognosis for CTEC T E, which of the following interventions
by the SLPS L P is most likely to benefit Brennan?
A.Word retrieval strategies
B.Patient/family counseling
C.Executive function retraining
D.Spaced retrieval training
, Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. Because CTEC T E is a progressive neurological illness with
limited empirical evidence of most effective treatments, the first step for
SLPsS L Ps is to provide counseling and supports.
An aphasia evaluation of a 68-year-old retired woman reveals utterances of one to
two words, no apraxia of speech, and relatively good comprehension. When the
patient makes production errors, they are typically semantic errors and she attempts
to correct them, often with success. Her goal is to use more words to convey ideas
using complete sentences. She is active and wants to communicate in various settings,
such as at her volunteer job, with her family, and when traveling. Which of the
following treatments best prioritizes the patient's language needs and personal
goals?
A.Providing a script for the patient to recite that allows her to tell people about her
stroke
B.Starting Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeSTV N e S T) to increase word
retrieval in untrained discourse
C.Engaging the patient in semantic feature analysis (SFAS F A) to teach her self-cuing
techniques and aid with word retrieval
D.Having the patient use melodic intonation treatment (MITM I T) to increase fluency
of commonly uttered phrases
Give this one a try later!
(B) is correct. The patient's language impairment is related to word-retrieval
impairments that affect the ability to produce complete utterances. VNeSTV
N e S T has been shown to increase word-retrieval abilities in untrained
tasks, which could potentially aid in various functional scenarios.
The following components of a case history were collected from a medical record
review and interview with a patient and the patient's caregiver. The patient has a prior
