BIOL 2457 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. yellow bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of
most adult long bones
2. red bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER -produces red and white blood cells and platelets-
only located in trabeculae of spongy bones in adults
3. osteoporgenitor cells - CORRECT ANSWER -stem cells in periosteum and endosteum,
mitotically active
4. Osteoblasts - CORRECT ANSWER -bone forming cells
5. Osteocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -mature bone cells- mitotically inactive
6. osteoclasts - CORRECT ANSWER -Bone-destroying cells
7. periosteal cells - CORRECT ANSWER -bone lining cells on the external bone surface
8. endosteal cells - CORRECT ANSWER -bone lining cells on the internal bone surface
9. bone collar development - CORRECT ANSWER -week 9, osteoblasts created from inside
perichondrium- ossification process begins. then secrete osteoid against hyaline
cartilage diaphysis creating the bone collar.
10. comminuted fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bone breaks into many fragments
, 11. spiral fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
12. depression fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -broken bone portion is pressed inward (skull
fracture)
13. compression fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -occurs when the bone is pressed together on
itself (crushed)
14. epiphysial fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -a break in the bone that occurs at the juncture
of the epiphysis (end) and the diaphysis (shaft)
15. greenstick fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bending and incomplete break of a bone; most
often seen in children
16. compound vs simple fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -Broken bone breaks through skin vs.
Bone breaks cleanly but not through skin
17. displaced vs non displaced fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bone end is in normal position
vs bone is not in normal position
18. short, irregular, and flat bones - CORRECT ANSWER -have no diaphysis or epiphyses,
contain bone marrow between the trabeculae
19. Dipole - CORRECT ANSWER -thin plates of spongy bone that are covered by compact
bone (skull)
20. Rickets - CORRECT ANSWER -Vitamin D deficiency in children
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. yellow bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of
most adult long bones
2. red bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER -produces red and white blood cells and platelets-
only located in trabeculae of spongy bones in adults
3. osteoporgenitor cells - CORRECT ANSWER -stem cells in periosteum and endosteum,
mitotically active
4. Osteoblasts - CORRECT ANSWER -bone forming cells
5. Osteocytes - CORRECT ANSWER -mature bone cells- mitotically inactive
6. osteoclasts - CORRECT ANSWER -Bone-destroying cells
7. periosteal cells - CORRECT ANSWER -bone lining cells on the external bone surface
8. endosteal cells - CORRECT ANSWER -bone lining cells on the internal bone surface
9. bone collar development - CORRECT ANSWER -week 9, osteoblasts created from inside
perichondrium- ossification process begins. then secrete osteoid against hyaline
cartilage diaphysis creating the bone collar.
10. comminuted fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bone breaks into many fragments
, 11. spiral fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
12. depression fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -broken bone portion is pressed inward (skull
fracture)
13. compression fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -occurs when the bone is pressed together on
itself (crushed)
14. epiphysial fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -a break in the bone that occurs at the juncture
of the epiphysis (end) and the diaphysis (shaft)
15. greenstick fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bending and incomplete break of a bone; most
often seen in children
16. compound vs simple fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -Broken bone breaks through skin vs.
Bone breaks cleanly but not through skin
17. displaced vs non displaced fracture - CORRECT ANSWER -bone end is in normal position
vs bone is not in normal position
18. short, irregular, and flat bones - CORRECT ANSWER -have no diaphysis or epiphyses,
contain bone marrow between the trabeculae
19. Dipole - CORRECT ANSWER -thin plates of spongy bone that are covered by compact
bone (skull)
20. Rickets - CORRECT ANSWER -Vitamin D deficiency in children
