NUR 1172/NUR1172 Exam 2 V2 |
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is being started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which
of the following is the most important nursing intervention during the administration of TPN?
A. Monitoring the client’s blood glucose levels every 4 to 6 hours.
B. Changing the TPN IV tubing once every 72 hours.
C. Administering the solution through a peripheral IV line.
D. Stopping the infusion immediately if the client complains of nausea.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose, which can lead to
hyperglycemia if administered too quickly or hypoglycemia if stopped abruptly. Monitoring
blood glucose every 4 to 6 hours is standard protocol to ensure metabolic stability. This
practice allows the healthcare team to adjust insulin levels within the TPN or provide
supplemental insulin as needed.
2. A client is diagnosed with Celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse
instruct the client to avoid?
A. Whole wheat bread
B. Wild rice
,C. Corn tortillas
D. Quinoa salad
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of
gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley,
and rye. The nurse must educate the client to strictly avoid any food containing these
grains to prevent malabsorption and intestinal damage.
3. A nurse is teaching a pregnant client about the importance of folic acid. Which of the
following conditions does folic acid help prevent in the developing fetus?
A. Neural tube defects
B. Fetal alcohol syndrome
C. Macrosomia
D. Cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and the proper formation of
the neural tube during early pregnancy. Adequate intake reduces the risk of defects such as
spina bifida and anencephaly. The CDC recommends that all women of childbearing age
consume 400 mcg of folic acid daily.
, 4. Which nutrient is the primary source of energy for the brain under normal physiological
conditions?
A. Amino acids
B. Fatty acids
C. Glucose
D. Ketones
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Glucose is the preferred and primary fuel source for the central
nervous system. While the brain can adapt to use ketones during prolonged starvation,
glucose is required for optimal cognitive function. This is why maintaining stable blood
sugar levels is critical for neurological health.
5. A client has a body mass index (BMI) of 28. How should the nurse categorize this client’s
weight status?
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Overweight
D. Obese
Correct Answer: C
Nutritional Principles in Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Rasmussen University
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is being started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which
of the following is the most important nursing intervention during the administration of TPN?
A. Monitoring the client’s blood glucose levels every 4 to 6 hours.
B. Changing the TPN IV tubing once every 72 hours.
C. Administering the solution through a peripheral IV line.
D. Stopping the infusion immediately if the client complains of nausea.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose, which can lead to
hyperglycemia if administered too quickly or hypoglycemia if stopped abruptly. Monitoring
blood glucose every 4 to 6 hours is standard protocol to ensure metabolic stability. This
practice allows the healthcare team to adjust insulin levels within the TPN or provide
supplemental insulin as needed.
2. A client is diagnosed with Celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse
instruct the client to avoid?
A. Whole wheat bread
B. Wild rice
,C. Corn tortillas
D. Quinoa salad
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of
gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley,
and rye. The nurse must educate the client to strictly avoid any food containing these
grains to prevent malabsorption and intestinal damage.
3. A nurse is teaching a pregnant client about the importance of folic acid. Which of the
following conditions does folic acid help prevent in the developing fetus?
A. Neural tube defects
B. Fetal alcohol syndrome
C. Macrosomia
D. Cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and the proper formation of
the neural tube during early pregnancy. Adequate intake reduces the risk of defects such as
spina bifida and anencephaly. The CDC recommends that all women of childbearing age
consume 400 mcg of folic acid daily.
, 4. Which nutrient is the primary source of energy for the brain under normal physiological
conditions?
A. Amino acids
B. Fatty acids
C. Glucose
D. Ketones
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Glucose is the preferred and primary fuel source for the central
nervous system. While the brain can adapt to use ketones during prolonged starvation,
glucose is required for optimal cognitive function. This is why maintaining stable blood
sugar levels is critical for neurological health.
5. A client has a body mass index (BMI) of 28. How should the nurse categorize this client’s
weight status?
A. Underweight
B. Normal weight
C. Overweight
D. Obese
Correct Answer: C
