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OB 101 - Final Exam Study Guide with
questions and answers with rationales.
**1. What are the three primary determinants of behavior in
organizations?**
A) Profit structure, organizational complexity, and culture
B) Individuals, groups, and structure
C) Individuals, groups, and performance
D) Groups, structure, and profit structure
**Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Organizational Behavior (OB) is the field of study that
investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on
behavior within organizations, with the goal of applying that knowledge
toward improving an organization's effectiveness.
**2. According to Festinger, the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance
is determined by all of the following EXCEPT:**
A) Importance of the elements creating the dissonance
B) Degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the
elements
,C) The intelligence quotient (IQ) of the individual
D) Rewards associated with dissonance
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Festinger proposed that the desire to reduce
dissonance depends on three moderating factors: the importance of
the elements creating it, the degree of influence we believe we have
over it, and the rewards of dissonance. IQ is not a specified factor in
this theory.
**3. The statement "Violence is wrong" represents which component
of an attitude?**
A) Affective
B) Behavioral
C) Reflective
D) Cognitive
**Answer: D**
**Rationale:** The cognitive component of an attitude is a description
of, or belief in, the way things are (an opinion). The affective
component is the emotional reaction, while the behavioral component
refers to how one intends to act toward someone or something.
**4. What is the "psychological contract" in an employment context?**
,A) A legally binding document signed upon hiring
B) Unwritten expectations and beliefs between an employer and
employee
C) A specific type of union agreement regarding mental health days
D) The financial agreement outlining bonus structures
**Answer: B**
**Rationale:** A psychological contract represents the unwritten,
implicit expectations that employers and employees have about each
other's attitudes and behaviors. When these perceived promises are
broken (breach of contract), it often leads to loss of trust and decreased
motivation.
**5. Which of the following is NOT a moderator of the attitude-
behavior relationship?**
A) Direct experience
B) Correspondence to behavior
C) Power distance
D) Accessibility
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** The most powerful moderators of the attitudes
relationship include the importance of the attitude, its correspondence
to behavior, its accessibility, the presence of social pressures, and
whether a person has direct experience with the attitude. While
, important in OB, "power distance" is a cultural dimension, not a specific
moderator of the attitude-behavior link.
**6. Which managerial activity involves motivating subordinates and
managing human resources?**
A) Traditional management
B) Communication
C) Human resource management
D) Networking
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** According to managerial activity studies, "Human
resource management" includes activities such as motivating,
disciplining, managing conflict, staffing, and training employees.
Traditional management involves decision-making and planning, while
networking focuses on social interaction.
**7. In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the preference "E"
stands for:**
A) Emotional
B) Extraverted
C) Ethical
D) Experiencing
OB 101 - Final Exam Study Guide with
questions and answers with rationales.
**1. What are the three primary determinants of behavior in
organizations?**
A) Profit structure, organizational complexity, and culture
B) Individuals, groups, and structure
C) Individuals, groups, and performance
D) Groups, structure, and profit structure
**Answer: B**
**Rationale:** Organizational Behavior (OB) is the field of study that
investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on
behavior within organizations, with the goal of applying that knowledge
toward improving an organization's effectiveness.
**2. According to Festinger, the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance
is determined by all of the following EXCEPT:**
A) Importance of the elements creating the dissonance
B) Degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the
elements
,C) The intelligence quotient (IQ) of the individual
D) Rewards associated with dissonance
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** Festinger proposed that the desire to reduce
dissonance depends on three moderating factors: the importance of
the elements creating it, the degree of influence we believe we have
over it, and the rewards of dissonance. IQ is not a specified factor in
this theory.
**3. The statement "Violence is wrong" represents which component
of an attitude?**
A) Affective
B) Behavioral
C) Reflective
D) Cognitive
**Answer: D**
**Rationale:** The cognitive component of an attitude is a description
of, or belief in, the way things are (an opinion). The affective
component is the emotional reaction, while the behavioral component
refers to how one intends to act toward someone or something.
**4. What is the "psychological contract" in an employment context?**
,A) A legally binding document signed upon hiring
B) Unwritten expectations and beliefs between an employer and
employee
C) A specific type of union agreement regarding mental health days
D) The financial agreement outlining bonus structures
**Answer: B**
**Rationale:** A psychological contract represents the unwritten,
implicit expectations that employers and employees have about each
other's attitudes and behaviors. When these perceived promises are
broken (breach of contract), it often leads to loss of trust and decreased
motivation.
**5. Which of the following is NOT a moderator of the attitude-
behavior relationship?**
A) Direct experience
B) Correspondence to behavior
C) Power distance
D) Accessibility
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** The most powerful moderators of the attitudes
relationship include the importance of the attitude, its correspondence
to behavior, its accessibility, the presence of social pressures, and
whether a person has direct experience with the attitude. While
, important in OB, "power distance" is a cultural dimension, not a specific
moderator of the attitude-behavior link.
**6. Which managerial activity involves motivating subordinates and
managing human resources?**
A) Traditional management
B) Communication
C) Human resource management
D) Networking
**Answer: C**
**Rationale:** According to managerial activity studies, "Human
resource management" includes activities such as motivating,
disciplining, managing conflict, staffing, and training employees.
Traditional management involves decision-making and planning, while
networking focuses on social interaction.
**7. In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the preference "E"
stands for:**
A) Emotional
B) Extraverted
C) Ethical
D) Experiencing
