1 MAXE • 101 DOIB
Portage Learning
PL College of Science & Health
Y O U R F U T U R E . Y O U R W A Y.
EST. 2011
BIOD 101 — Exam 1 Extended Study Guide
H I E R A R C H Y O F L I F E , D O M A I N S , K I N G D O M S , C E L LU L A R R E S P I R AT I O N & C E L L D I V I S I O N
INSTITUTION Portage Learning COURSE CODE BIOD 101
PROGRAM Biology / Pre-Nursing Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Exam 1 — Extended Study Guide TOTAL QUESTIONS Comprehensive Review
COURSE TITLE General Biology I FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ This extended study guide covers biological organization, three domains, four kingdoms of Eukarya, cellular respiration,
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, fermentation, DNA structure, cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and genetics.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Portage Learning BIOD 101 core concepts.
SECTION I — HIERARCHY OF LIFE, DOMAINS & KINGDOMS Part A
1. A population is best defined as:
A. All living organisms on Earth.
B. A group of one particular species living within defined boundaries of a community.
C. The individual living members of a community.
D. Structures composed of two or more tissue types.
CORRECT ANSWER B — A group of one particular species living within defined boundaries of a community.
RATIONALE A population consists of all individuals of a single species in a defined geographic area. Option A describes the
biosphere. Option C describes organisms (individuals). Option D describes organs.
2. An organism is defined as:
A. A group of organs classified as a unit.
B. The individual living members of a population.
C. A group of similar cells.
D. Structures within organelles.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The individual living members of a population.
RATIONALE An organism is an individual living entity. Option A describes an organ system. Option C describes tissues.
Option D describes cellular structures.
, 3. An organ system is defined as:
A. Structures composed of two or more tissue types that perform a common function.
B. A group of similar cells and their immediate environment.
C. A group of organs classified as a unit because of shared functions.
D. The smallest chemical level.
CORRECT ANSWER C — A group of organs classified as a unit because of shared functions.
RATIONALE Organ systems (e.g., digestive system) consist of multiple organs working together. Option A describes organs.
Option B describes tissues. Option D describes atoms/molecules.
4. The three domains of life are:
A. Plants, Animals, Fungi
B. Eukarya, Eubacteria, Archaea
C. Protista, Plantae, Animalia
D. Monera, Protista, Fungi
CORRECT ANSWER B — Eukarya, Eubacteria, Archaea.
RATIONALE The three-domain system (Carl Woese) classifies life into Eukarya (eukaryotic cells), Eubacteria (true bacteria,
prokaryotic), and Archaea (extremophiles, prokaryotic with unique biochemistry).
5. Which domain is classically considered to be "extremophiles"?
A. Eukarya
B. Eubacteria
C. Archaea
D. Protista
CORRECT ANSWER C — Archaea.
RATIONALE Archaea are known for inhabiting extreme environments—high temperature, high salinity, high pressure, or
high acidity. Their cell walls contain pseudopeptidoglycan with branched hydrocarbon chains attached to
glycerol via ether linkage.
6. The four major kingdoms of Eukarya are:
A. Bacteria, Archaea, Protista, Fungi
B. Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia
C. Monera, Protista, Plantae, Animalia
D. Eubacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Plantae
CORRECT ANSWER B — Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia.
RATIONALE The domain Eukarya contains four kingdoms: Fungi (heterotrophic, cell walls of chitin), Protista (diverse,
mostly unicellular eukaryotes), Plantae (autotrophic, cellulose cell walls), and Animalia (heterotrophic, no cell
walls).
Portage Learning
PL College of Science & Health
Y O U R F U T U R E . Y O U R W A Y.
EST. 2011
BIOD 101 — Exam 1 Extended Study Guide
H I E R A R C H Y O F L I F E , D O M A I N S , K I N G D O M S , C E L LU L A R R E S P I R AT I O N & C E L L D I V I S I O N
INSTITUTION Portage Learning COURSE CODE BIOD 101
PROGRAM Biology / Pre-Nursing Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Exam 1 — Extended Study Guide TOTAL QUESTIONS Comprehensive Review
COURSE TITLE General Biology I FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ This extended study guide covers biological organization, three domains, four kingdoms of Eukarya, cellular respiration,
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, fermentation, DNA structure, cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and genetics.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Portage Learning BIOD 101 core concepts.
SECTION I — HIERARCHY OF LIFE, DOMAINS & KINGDOMS Part A
1. A population is best defined as:
A. All living organisms on Earth.
B. A group of one particular species living within defined boundaries of a community.
C. The individual living members of a community.
D. Structures composed of two or more tissue types.
CORRECT ANSWER B — A group of one particular species living within defined boundaries of a community.
RATIONALE A population consists of all individuals of a single species in a defined geographic area. Option A describes the
biosphere. Option C describes organisms (individuals). Option D describes organs.
2. An organism is defined as:
A. A group of organs classified as a unit.
B. The individual living members of a population.
C. A group of similar cells.
D. Structures within organelles.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The individual living members of a population.
RATIONALE An organism is an individual living entity. Option A describes an organ system. Option C describes tissues.
Option D describes cellular structures.
, 3. An organ system is defined as:
A. Structures composed of two or more tissue types that perform a common function.
B. A group of similar cells and their immediate environment.
C. A group of organs classified as a unit because of shared functions.
D. The smallest chemical level.
CORRECT ANSWER C — A group of organs classified as a unit because of shared functions.
RATIONALE Organ systems (e.g., digestive system) consist of multiple organs working together. Option A describes organs.
Option B describes tissues. Option D describes atoms/molecules.
4. The three domains of life are:
A. Plants, Animals, Fungi
B. Eukarya, Eubacteria, Archaea
C. Protista, Plantae, Animalia
D. Monera, Protista, Fungi
CORRECT ANSWER B — Eukarya, Eubacteria, Archaea.
RATIONALE The three-domain system (Carl Woese) classifies life into Eukarya (eukaryotic cells), Eubacteria (true bacteria,
prokaryotic), and Archaea (extremophiles, prokaryotic with unique biochemistry).
5. Which domain is classically considered to be "extremophiles"?
A. Eukarya
B. Eubacteria
C. Archaea
D. Protista
CORRECT ANSWER C — Archaea.
RATIONALE Archaea are known for inhabiting extreme environments—high temperature, high salinity, high pressure, or
high acidity. Their cell walls contain pseudopeptidoglycan with branched hydrocarbon chains attached to
glycerol via ether linkage.
6. The four major kingdoms of Eukarya are:
A. Bacteria, Archaea, Protista, Fungi
B. Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia
C. Monera, Protista, Plantae, Animalia
D. Eubacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Plantae
CORRECT ANSWER B — Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia.
RATIONALE The domain Eukarya contains four kingdoms: Fungi (heterotrophic, cell walls of chitin), Protista (diverse,
mostly unicellular eukaryotes), Plantae (autotrophic, cellulose cell walls), and Animalia (heterotrophic, no cell
walls).
