NSG 310/NSG310 Exam 2 V1 | Introduction
to Professional Nursing Exam Q&A with
Rationale | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who decides to stop chemotherapy despite the family’s
wishes. Which ethical principle is the nurse supporting?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of an individual to make their own
healthcare decisions without coercion. It involves respecting a patient’s self-determination
even if their choice contradicts the family’s or the provider’s views. The nurse advocates for
this right by ensuring the patient’s voice is heard and honored.
2. The nurse ensures that all patients on the unit receive the same quality of care regardless
of their socioeconomic status. This is an example of which principle?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Nonmaleficence
,D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Justice in nursing involves the fair and equitable distribution of
resources and treatment to all patients. This principle requires that nurses treat every
patient with equal respect and provide care based on need rather than status. It ensures
that healthcare delivery remains unbiased and consistent across different populations.
3. A nurse administers a pain medication to a patient as promised. This action demonstrates
which ethical principle?
A. Veracity
B. Beneficence
C. Fidelity
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Fidelity refers to the obligation of the nurse to be faithful to
commitments and promises made to others. It is the foundation of the trust-based
relationship between a patient and a healthcare provider. By following through on a
promise to provide medication, the nurse demonstrates professional integrity and loyalty.
4. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory’, emphasizing that nurses
should assist patients in meeting their own self-care needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
, B. Jean Watson
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to perform
self-care activities to maintain health and well-being. Nurses intervene when a patient has
a self-care deficit, meaning they cannot meet their own needs. The goal is to help the
patient regain as much independence as possible through nursing support.
5. In the PICOT format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Individual
B. Implementation
C. Intervention
D. Identification
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The ‘I’ in PICOT stands for Intervention, which refers to the specific
treatment or action being studied. It helps researchers focus their inquiry on a particular
clinical practice change or therapy. This component is essential for comparing new
methods against current standards of care.
to Professional Nursing Exam Q&A with
Rationale | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who decides to stop chemotherapy despite the family’s
wishes. Which ethical principle is the nurse supporting?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of an individual to make their own
healthcare decisions without coercion. It involves respecting a patient’s self-determination
even if their choice contradicts the family’s or the provider’s views. The nurse advocates for
this right by ensuring the patient’s voice is heard and honored.
2. The nurse ensures that all patients on the unit receive the same quality of care regardless
of their socioeconomic status. This is an example of which principle?
A. Justice
B. Fidelity
C. Nonmaleficence
,D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Justice in nursing involves the fair and equitable distribution of
resources and treatment to all patients. This principle requires that nurses treat every
patient with equal respect and provide care based on need rather than status. It ensures
that healthcare delivery remains unbiased and consistent across different populations.
3. A nurse administers a pain medication to a patient as promised. This action demonstrates
which ethical principle?
A. Veracity
B. Beneficence
C. Fidelity
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Fidelity refers to the obligation of the nurse to be faithful to
commitments and promises made to others. It is the foundation of the trust-based
relationship between a patient and a healthcare provider. By following through on a
promise to provide medication, the nurse demonstrates professional integrity and loyalty.
4. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory’, emphasizing that nurses
should assist patients in meeting their own self-care needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
, B. Jean Watson
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to perform
self-care activities to maintain health and well-being. Nurses intervene when a patient has
a self-care deficit, meaning they cannot meet their own needs. The goal is to help the
patient regain as much independence as possible through nursing support.
5. In the PICOT format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Individual
B. Implementation
C. Intervention
D. Identification
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: The ‘I’ in PICOT stands for Intervention, which refers to the specific
treatment or action being studied. It helps researchers focus their inquiry on a particular
clinical practice change or therapy. This component is essential for comparing new
methods against current standards of care.
