NSG 300/NSG300 Final Exam V2 |
Foundations of Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is performing an admission assessment. Which of the following is considered
subjective data?
A. Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
B. Presence of a skin rash on the left arm
C. The patient’s report of sharp pain in the abdomen
D. Respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Subjective data consists of information provided by the patient that
cannot be independently measured by the nurse. In this scenario, the patient’s report of
pain is a personal perception and is therefore subjective. Objective data, conversely, are
observable and measurable findings like vital signs or rashes.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves setting priorities and establishing measurable
goals?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Diagnosis
,D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The planning phase is where the nurse collaborates with the patient
to develop a plan of care. During this stage, goals are established and nursing interventions
are selected to achieve desired outcomes. This phase occurs after the diagnosis is made and
before the actual care is implemented.
3. A nurse uses a ‘teach-back’ method to verify patient understanding. This action promotes
which QSEN competency?
A. Informatics
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Teamwork and Collaboration
D. Patient-Centered Care
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Patient-Centered Care emphasizes involving the patient in their own
care and ensuring they understand their health information. The teach-back method is a
specific strategy to empower patients and confirm they have comprehended the education
provided. This fosters a partnership between the healthcare provider and the recipient of
care.
, 4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs should the nurse
prioritize first?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and belonging
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Maslow’s theory suggests that physiological needs, such as oxygen,
water, and food, must be met before higher-level needs. If a patient is struggling to breathe,
addressing that need is the absolute priority over social or emotional needs. Understanding
this hierarchy helps nurses manage their clinical workload effectively by prioritizing life-
sustaining interventions.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who speaks a different language. Which action is most
appropriate?
A. Ask a family member to interpret
B. Speak loudly and use hand gestures
C. Provide written materials in English only
D. Use a facility-approved medical interpreter
Correct Answer: D
Foundations of Nursing Q&A with
Rationale | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is performing an admission assessment. Which of the following is considered
subjective data?
A. Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
B. Presence of a skin rash on the left arm
C. The patient’s report of sharp pain in the abdomen
D. Respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Subjective data consists of information provided by the patient that
cannot be independently measured by the nurse. In this scenario, the patient’s report of
pain is a personal perception and is therefore subjective. Objective data, conversely, are
observable and measurable findings like vital signs or rashes.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves setting priorities and establishing measurable
goals?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Diagnosis
,D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The planning phase is where the nurse collaborates with the patient
to develop a plan of care. During this stage, goals are established and nursing interventions
are selected to achieve desired outcomes. This phase occurs after the diagnosis is made and
before the actual care is implemented.
3. A nurse uses a ‘teach-back’ method to verify patient understanding. This action promotes
which QSEN competency?
A. Informatics
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Teamwork and Collaboration
D. Patient-Centered Care
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Patient-Centered Care emphasizes involving the patient in their own
care and ensuring they understand their health information. The teach-back method is a
specific strategy to empower patients and confirm they have comprehended the education
provided. This fosters a partnership between the healthcare provider and the recipient of
care.
, 4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs should the nurse
prioritize first?
A. Physiological needs
B. Safety and security
C. Self-esteem
D. Love and belonging
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Maslow’s theory suggests that physiological needs, such as oxygen,
water, and food, must be met before higher-level needs. If a patient is struggling to breathe,
addressing that need is the absolute priority over social or emotional needs. Understanding
this hierarchy helps nurses manage their clinical workload effectively by prioritizing life-
sustaining interventions.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient who speaks a different language. Which action is most
appropriate?
A. Ask a family member to interpret
B. Speak loudly and use hand gestures
C. Provide written materials in English only
D. Use a facility-approved medical interpreter
Correct Answer: D
