NSG 300/NSG300 Exam 2 V1 | Foundations
of Nursing Q&A with Rationale | Grand
Canyon University
1. When using the nursing process, which step involves the collection and verification of
data?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Assessment is the initial phase of the nursing process where the
nurse gathers subjective and objective data. This step is critical because it forms the basis
for all subsequent nursing actions and diagnoses. Without accurate data collection and
verification, the rest of the nursing process will be flawed.
2. A nurse is helping a patient ambulate and the patient begins to fall. What is the priority
action?
A. Try to catch the patient to prevent them from hitting the floor
B. Lower the patient gently to the floor using your leg for support
C. Call for help immediately before doing anything else
,D. Instruct the patient to grab onto the nearest piece of furniture
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Proper body mechanics dictate that the nurse should use their own
body to guide the patient to the floor to prevent injury to both parties. Attempting to catch
a falling patient can lead to musculoskeletal injuries for the nurse. Once the patient is safely
on the floor, the nurse should then assess for injuries and call for assistance.
3. According to the Braden Scale, which score indicates a higher risk for pressure injury
development?
A. 23
B. 9
C. 15
D. 18
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The Braden Scale is a tool used to predict pressure sore risk based on
sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear. In this scale,
a lower total score indicates a higher risk for developing a pressure injury. A score of 9 is
considered very high risk, requiring immediate nursing interventions.
4. Which type of isolation precaution is required for a patient diagnosed with Tuberculosis
(TB)?
A. Contact Precautions
, B. Droplet Precautions
C. Airborne Precautions
D. Standard Precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Tuberculosis is transmitted through small droplets that remain
suspended in the air for long periods. Airborne precautions require the use of a specialized
N95 respirator mask and a negative-pressure room. Standard precautions are used for all
patients, but TB specifically necessitates these additional airborne measures.
5. A nurse is measuring a patient’s blood pressure with a cuff that is too small. What effect
will this have on the reading?
A. The blood pressure reading will be falsely high
B. The blood pressure reading will be falsely low
C. The reading will be accurate if the patient is sitting up
D. Only the diastolic pressure will be affected
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too narrow or too small for the
patient’s arm size results in an overestimation of the pressure. This occurs because the
small cuff does not distribute pressure evenly, requiring more inflation to occlude the
of Nursing Q&A with Rationale | Grand
Canyon University
1. When using the nursing process, which step involves the collection and verification of
data?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Assessment is the initial phase of the nursing process where the
nurse gathers subjective and objective data. This step is critical because it forms the basis
for all subsequent nursing actions and diagnoses. Without accurate data collection and
verification, the rest of the nursing process will be flawed.
2. A nurse is helping a patient ambulate and the patient begins to fall. What is the priority
action?
A. Try to catch the patient to prevent them from hitting the floor
B. Lower the patient gently to the floor using your leg for support
C. Call for help immediately before doing anything else
,D. Instruct the patient to grab onto the nearest piece of furniture
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: Proper body mechanics dictate that the nurse should use their own
body to guide the patient to the floor to prevent injury to both parties. Attempting to catch
a falling patient can lead to musculoskeletal injuries for the nurse. Once the patient is safely
on the floor, the nurse should then assess for injuries and call for assistance.
3. According to the Braden Scale, which score indicates a higher risk for pressure injury
development?
A. 23
B. 9
C. 15
D. 18
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The Braden Scale is a tool used to predict pressure sore risk based on
sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear. In this scale,
a lower total score indicates a higher risk for developing a pressure injury. A score of 9 is
considered very high risk, requiring immediate nursing interventions.
4. Which type of isolation precaution is required for a patient diagnosed with Tuberculosis
(TB)?
A. Contact Precautions
, B. Droplet Precautions
C. Airborne Precautions
D. Standard Precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Tuberculosis is transmitted through small droplets that remain
suspended in the air for long periods. Airborne precautions require the use of a specialized
N95 respirator mask and a negative-pressure room. Standard precautions are used for all
patients, but TB specifically necessitates these additional airborne measures.
5. A nurse is measuring a patient’s blood pressure with a cuff that is too small. What effect
will this have on the reading?
A. The blood pressure reading will be falsely high
B. The blood pressure reading will be falsely low
C. The reading will be accurate if the patient is sitting up
D. Only the diastolic pressure will be affected
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too narrow or too small for the
patient’s arm size results in an overestimation of the pressure. This occurs because the
small cuff does not distribute pressure evenly, requiring more inflation to occlude the
