NY01 Version 2 Study Guide
Pathophysiology Final Exam Q & As
(Verified Answers) 2026
Which cardiovascular condition involves a blood clot blocking circulation in blood vessels? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Embolism
A person slips on a log and lands on a sharp stick which punctures their leg. Which type of cell
phagocytoses bacteria and damaged cells as part of the immune response? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Neutrophil
A person has the following symptoms: sterility, somewhat female appearance, female like breasts, small
testes, sparse body hair, somewhat high-pitched voice, elevated stature, moderate mental impairment.
Which condition does the person likely have? - CORRECT ANSWERS Klinefelter syndrome
Why do those with Down syndrome have a reduced survival rate? - CORRECT ANSWERS
They have an increased likelihood of congenital heart defects
During fetal development, a portion of the neural tube fails to close properly. Which disorder is
associated with this condition? - CORRECT ANSWERS Spina bifida
A person jumped as high as they could during a game and hurt their calf muscle. Which type of injury is
sustained? - CORRECT ANSWERS Strain
Possible causes for a particular condition include bleeding from a fracture or penetrating wound to the
forearm, lower leg, or abdomen. What is the condition? - CORRECT ANSWERS Acute
compartment syndrome
, A 35-year-old male patient has the following clinical manifestations: pain, edema, tissue ischemia,
hypovolemia, acidosis, tissue damage. Which condition does the patient likely have? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Acute burn injury
A person sustained severe burns in a vehicle fire. Which complications are associated with this injury? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Hypovolemia, water loss, sepsis, and electrolyte imbalance
A patient was burned by hot water. The burn only affected the epidermis. Which type of burn does the
patient have? - CORRECT ANSWERS First-degree burn
Which condition is caused by an autoimmune response to self or microbial antigens in those who are
genetically susceptible? - CORRECT ANSWERS Multiple sclerosis
Which condition is caused by at least two X chromosomes and a Y chromosome in each cell? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Klinefelter syndrome
The primary causes of a condition are intravitreous contractile traction, severe myopia, vitreoretinal
traction, age-related vitreous degeneration, and trauma. Which condition is this? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
A 91-year-old patient has the following clinical manifestations: ascending paralysis, areflexia, respiratory
insufficiency, autonomic nervous system instability. Which condition does the patient likely have? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Guillain-Barré syndrome
Which type of hematoma commonly occurs in the frontal and temporal lobes, but may occur in the
hemisphere deep white matter? - CORRECT ANSWERS Intracerebral hematoma
What is the correct classification of myopia as a vision disorder? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Alteration in refraction
Pathophysiology Final Exam Q & As
(Verified Answers) 2026
Which cardiovascular condition involves a blood clot blocking circulation in blood vessels? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Embolism
A person slips on a log and lands on a sharp stick which punctures their leg. Which type of cell
phagocytoses bacteria and damaged cells as part of the immune response? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Neutrophil
A person has the following symptoms: sterility, somewhat female appearance, female like breasts, small
testes, sparse body hair, somewhat high-pitched voice, elevated stature, moderate mental impairment.
Which condition does the person likely have? - CORRECT ANSWERS Klinefelter syndrome
Why do those with Down syndrome have a reduced survival rate? - CORRECT ANSWERS
They have an increased likelihood of congenital heart defects
During fetal development, a portion of the neural tube fails to close properly. Which disorder is
associated with this condition? - CORRECT ANSWERS Spina bifida
A person jumped as high as they could during a game and hurt their calf muscle. Which type of injury is
sustained? - CORRECT ANSWERS Strain
Possible causes for a particular condition include bleeding from a fracture or penetrating wound to the
forearm, lower leg, or abdomen. What is the condition? - CORRECT ANSWERS Acute
compartment syndrome
, A 35-year-old male patient has the following clinical manifestations: pain, edema, tissue ischemia,
hypovolemia, acidosis, tissue damage. Which condition does the patient likely have? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Acute burn injury
A person sustained severe burns in a vehicle fire. Which complications are associated with this injury? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Hypovolemia, water loss, sepsis, and electrolyte imbalance
A patient was burned by hot water. The burn only affected the epidermis. Which type of burn does the
patient have? - CORRECT ANSWERS First-degree burn
Which condition is caused by an autoimmune response to self or microbial antigens in those who are
genetically susceptible? - CORRECT ANSWERS Multiple sclerosis
Which condition is caused by at least two X chromosomes and a Y chromosome in each cell? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Klinefelter syndrome
The primary causes of a condition are intravitreous contractile traction, severe myopia, vitreoretinal
traction, age-related vitreous degeneration, and trauma. Which condition is this? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
A 91-year-old patient has the following clinical manifestations: ascending paralysis, areflexia, respiratory
insufficiency, autonomic nervous system instability. Which condition does the patient likely have? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Guillain-Barré syndrome
Which type of hematoma commonly occurs in the frontal and temporal lobes, but may occur in the
hemisphere deep white matter? - CORRECT ANSWERS Intracerebral hematoma
What is the correct classification of myopia as a vision disorder? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Alteration in refraction
