Page 1 of 80
29 May 2026
CNOR Practice Exam- Zander 2026/2027 LATEST
EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
GUARANTEE A+ GRADE,
The patient's desirable and measurable physiological and psychological responses to nursing
interventions are called: Process Standards
Outcome Standards
Clinical Efficiency
Quality Improvement - correct answer-Outcome Standards
he common goal of standards is quality patient care. Patient outcomes are an essential indicator of
the quality patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
What the wound classification for vaginal hysterectomy?
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 - correct answer-Class 2
There is controlled entry into the genitourinary tract.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
The 19-year-old patient arrives to the OR within 2 hours of a traumatic open Tib/Fib fracture for
ORIF. What wound class is it?
Class1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 - correct answer-Class 3
A fresh open trauma is classified as Contaminated (Class 3), A fresh trauma is one that is less than
4-6 hours old at the start of surgery.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
, Page 2 of 80
29 May 2026
Patients with one or more of Virchow's triad are at increased risk for
Deep vein thrombosis
Hemorrhage
Surgical site infection
Respiratory distress - correct answer-DVT
Virchow's triad describes the three broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to
thrombosis. Hypercoagulability. Hemodynamic changes (stasis, turbulence) Endothelial
injury/dysfunction. DVT is at an increased risk
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
The Spaulding classification system is used to determine:
Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Safety standards for safely administering and monitoring anesthesia care
Post-operative discharge criteria
Ideal pressurization for rubberized spherical items - correct answer-Appropriate methods to attain
desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Earle Spaulding, a microbiologist, developed a classification system in 1968 to determine the
appropriate method to attain the desired level of processing required for safety in patient care
items. This system was adopted and later modified by the CDC.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 17
In which example is the perioperative nurse in a semirestricted area?
The nurse is in the waiting room
The nurse is in the pre-operative area speaking with the patient and family before surgery
The perioperative nurse is at the bedside in the post anesthesia recovery area
The perioperative nurse is gathering supplies in the sterile storage area. - correct answer-The
perioperative nurse is gathering supplies in the sterile storage area.
Surgical areas are defined by the attire appropriate in that area. The semirestricted areas are where
scrub suits, hair covers, and closed toe shoes are required. Restricted areas also require a mask.
Unrestricted areas are places where street clothes are permitted.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 10
, Page 3 of 80
29 May 2026
The initial cleaning of an endoscope should be performed:
after mechanical processing and before storage on the surgical field,
immediately after use after handing off the field, prior to processing before
every use - correct answer-on the surgical field, immediately after use
During routine sue, bioburden accumulates in channels, ports, crevices and other movable parts.
Gross blood and bioburden must be removed by flushing the channels and wiping the surfaces with
sterile water.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 8
Written policies and procedures for blood transfusion services must conform to the standards of
the:
American Red Cross
American Association of Blood Banks
American Medical Association
American Heart Association - correct answer-American Association of Blood Banks
The American Association of Blood Banks takes the lead in Evidence Based Standards related to the
criteria for blood donors, compatibility testing, and administration of human blood products.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed. Ch 6
The surgeon has discovered some diseased tissue in the throat of a 14 year old patient during a
tonsillectomy. He asks the circulator to send the suspicious tissue to check for malignancy. Where
does the circulator send the tissue?
Clinical Laboratory
Radiology Department
Oncology Department
Pathology Department - correct answer-Pathology Department
The pathologist is a physician who specializes in the cause and effect of disease and examines tissue
for malignancy. The results of tests are called back into the room while the patient is still
anesthetized so decisions for resection can be made immediately.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 6
The following procedure does not require surgical site marking.
Laminectomy
, Page 4 of 80
29 May 2026
Nephrectomy
Knee arthroscopy
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft - correct answer-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Site marking is required for anything that the body contains more than one. There is only one heart.
There is only one site the procedure might occur.
2019 AORN Guidelines: Team Communication
The trauma patient arrives to the OR for an exploratory laparotomy. The male trauma patient was
ejected during an MVA and was found lying in a field unconscious and unresponsive after an
unknown amount of time. The outside temperature was in the high 30s and with sleet. Warming
measures were initiated in the field. The abdomen is firm and slightly distended. The patient's HR
is 105, BP 110/60, Saturation 90% on 100% O2 and temporal temperature is 91 F. The arterial
blood gas is pH 7.10, CO2 36, HCO3 19. The perioperative nurse anticipates that the first
medication given will be what?
Narcan
Propofol
Sodium Bicarbonate
Epinephrine - correct answer-Sodium Bicarbonate
There is no history of narcotic overdose in the question. Never assume. We do want to induce
anesthesia very soon, but the biggest issue is the metabolic acidosis. The pH is dangerously low and
will affect the patient's ability to clot and is likely the problem with oxygenation as well. Sodium
Bicarbonate is our priority.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 31
Which patient is least likely to have an allergic reaction to latex?
The Achilles tendon release patient with a history of spina bifida
The vaginal hysterectomy patient who has been a surgical technologist for 34 years
The 28-year-old accountant in for a vasectomy who is allergic to penicillin.
The carpal tunnel release patient who reports an allergy to bananas - correct answer-The 28-
yearold accountant in for a vasectomy who is allergic to penicillin.
The least likely is the vasectomy patient. Penicillin does not indicate a higher risk of latex allergy. All
of the others do have an increased risk of exposure. Neural tube defect patient, patients with
repeated exposure to latex and allergy to bananas all indicate a latex risk allergy. 2019 AORN
Guidelines: Environment of Care RP
29 May 2026
CNOR Practice Exam- Zander 2026/2027 LATEST
EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
GUARANTEE A+ GRADE,
The patient's desirable and measurable physiological and psychological responses to nursing
interventions are called: Process Standards
Outcome Standards
Clinical Efficiency
Quality Improvement - correct answer-Outcome Standards
he common goal of standards is quality patient care. Patient outcomes are an essential indicator of
the quality patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
What the wound classification for vaginal hysterectomy?
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 - correct answer-Class 2
There is controlled entry into the genitourinary tract.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
The 19-year-old patient arrives to the OR within 2 hours of a traumatic open Tib/Fib fracture for
ORIF. What wound class is it?
Class1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 - correct answer-Class 3
A fresh open trauma is classified as Contaminated (Class 3), A fresh trauma is one that is less than
4-6 hours old at the start of surgery.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
, Page 2 of 80
29 May 2026
Patients with one or more of Virchow's triad are at increased risk for
Deep vein thrombosis
Hemorrhage
Surgical site infection
Respiratory distress - correct answer-DVT
Virchow's triad describes the three broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to
thrombosis. Hypercoagulability. Hemodynamic changes (stasis, turbulence) Endothelial
injury/dysfunction. DVT is at an increased risk
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
The Spaulding classification system is used to determine:
Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Safety standards for safely administering and monitoring anesthesia care
Post-operative discharge criteria
Ideal pressurization for rubberized spherical items - correct answer-Appropriate methods to attain
desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Earle Spaulding, a microbiologist, developed a classification system in 1968 to determine the
appropriate method to attain the desired level of processing required for safety in patient care
items. This system was adopted and later modified by the CDC.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 17
In which example is the perioperative nurse in a semirestricted area?
The nurse is in the waiting room
The nurse is in the pre-operative area speaking with the patient and family before surgery
The perioperative nurse is at the bedside in the post anesthesia recovery area
The perioperative nurse is gathering supplies in the sterile storage area. - correct answer-The
perioperative nurse is gathering supplies in the sterile storage area.
Surgical areas are defined by the attire appropriate in that area. The semirestricted areas are where
scrub suits, hair covers, and closed toe shoes are required. Restricted areas also require a mask.
Unrestricted areas are places where street clothes are permitted.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 10
, Page 3 of 80
29 May 2026
The initial cleaning of an endoscope should be performed:
after mechanical processing and before storage on the surgical field,
immediately after use after handing off the field, prior to processing before
every use - correct answer-on the surgical field, immediately after use
During routine sue, bioburden accumulates in channels, ports, crevices and other movable parts.
Gross blood and bioburden must be removed by flushing the channels and wiping the surfaces with
sterile water.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 8
Written policies and procedures for blood transfusion services must conform to the standards of
the:
American Red Cross
American Association of Blood Banks
American Medical Association
American Heart Association - correct answer-American Association of Blood Banks
The American Association of Blood Banks takes the lead in Evidence Based Standards related to the
criteria for blood donors, compatibility testing, and administration of human blood products.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed. Ch 6
The surgeon has discovered some diseased tissue in the throat of a 14 year old patient during a
tonsillectomy. He asks the circulator to send the suspicious tissue to check for malignancy. Where
does the circulator send the tissue?
Clinical Laboratory
Radiology Department
Oncology Department
Pathology Department - correct answer-Pathology Department
The pathologist is a physician who specializes in the cause and effect of disease and examines tissue
for malignancy. The results of tests are called back into the room while the patient is still
anesthetized so decisions for resection can be made immediately.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 6
The following procedure does not require surgical site marking.
Laminectomy
, Page 4 of 80
29 May 2026
Nephrectomy
Knee arthroscopy
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft - correct answer-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Site marking is required for anything that the body contains more than one. There is only one heart.
There is only one site the procedure might occur.
2019 AORN Guidelines: Team Communication
The trauma patient arrives to the OR for an exploratory laparotomy. The male trauma patient was
ejected during an MVA and was found lying in a field unconscious and unresponsive after an
unknown amount of time. The outside temperature was in the high 30s and with sleet. Warming
measures were initiated in the field. The abdomen is firm and slightly distended. The patient's HR
is 105, BP 110/60, Saturation 90% on 100% O2 and temporal temperature is 91 F. The arterial
blood gas is pH 7.10, CO2 36, HCO3 19. The perioperative nurse anticipates that the first
medication given will be what?
Narcan
Propofol
Sodium Bicarbonate
Epinephrine - correct answer-Sodium Bicarbonate
There is no history of narcotic overdose in the question. Never assume. We do want to induce
anesthesia very soon, but the biggest issue is the metabolic acidosis. The pH is dangerously low and
will affect the patient's ability to clot and is likely the problem with oxygenation as well. Sodium
Bicarbonate is our priority.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 31
Which patient is least likely to have an allergic reaction to latex?
The Achilles tendon release patient with a history of spina bifida
The vaginal hysterectomy patient who has been a surgical technologist for 34 years
The 28-year-old accountant in for a vasectomy who is allergic to penicillin.
The carpal tunnel release patient who reports an allergy to bananas - correct answer-The 28-
yearold accountant in for a vasectomy who is allergic to penicillin.
The least likely is the vasectomy patient. Penicillin does not indicate a higher risk of latex allergy. All
of the others do have an increased risk of exposure. Neural tube defect patient, patients with
repeated exposure to latex and allergy to bananas all indicate a latex risk allergy. 2019 AORN
Guidelines: Environment of Care RP
