NPS EXAM 1 AND STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2026
TEST BANK| COMPLETE 550 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+| NEONATAL
PEDIATRIC SPECIALIST EXAM PREP 2026/2027
(BRAND NEW!!)
1. A neonatal respiratory therapist notes that a 2-day-old
infant requires increasing FiO₂ to maintain target SpO₂. A
transilluminator is placed on the chest and reveals a bright,
glowing halo around the point of contact. What is the most
likely condition?
A) Pneumonia
B) Tension pneumothorax
C) Diaphragmatic hernia
D) Pleural effusion
1
,Answer: B) Tension pneumothorax
Rationale: Transillumination of the chest is a rapid, bedside
screening tool for pneumothorax in neonates. A bright halo or
"glow" around the light source indicates air trapped in the pleural
space, which scatters the light. This is highly suggestive of a
pneumothorax, particularly a tension pneumothorax .
2. What is the appropriate depth of insertion (in cm) for a 4.0
mm endotracheal tube in a pediatric patient?
A) 8 cm
B) 10 cm
C) 12 cm
D) 14 cm
Answer: D) 14 cm
*Rationale: Endotracheal tube (ETT) depth can be estimated using
the formula: (ETT internal diameter in mm) x 3 = depth at the lip
in cm. For a 4.0 mm ETT, 4 x 3 = 12 cm. However, some
2
,references use 4.0 x 3.5 = 14 cm. More commonly, the formula
(age in years/4) + 4 is used for uncuffed tubes. A 4.0 tube is
typically used in a 4-6 year old. The weight-based formula
(weight in kg + 6) is also used. For a 4.0 ETT, depth is typically
14-15 cm at the lip .*
3. A newborn has a Dubowitz score of 34. This indicates:
A) High probability of pulmonary maturity
B) A pre-term infant
C) Low risk of respiratory distress
D) Intrauterine growth retardation
Answer: B) A pre-term infant
*Rationale: The Dubowitz/Ballard score is used to estimate
gestational age. A score of 34 corresponds to approximately 34
weeks gestation, which is pre-term. Term infants typically score
between 38-42 .*
3
, 4. Which of the following would be most helpful in confirming
the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?
A) Chest X-ray
B) Sweat chloride test
C) Hemoglobin electrophoresis
D) Serum electrolytes
Answer: B) Sweat chloride test
*Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is diagnosed by elevated chloride
levels in sweat (>60 mmol/L on two separate occasions). A
normal sweat chloride test result is less than 40 mmol/L .*
5. A Bodai adaptor is required for which of the following
procedures?
A) Flexible bronchoscopy
B) Thoracentesis
C) Extracorporeal CO₂ removal
D) Bronchial lavage
4
TEST BANK| COMPLETE 550 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+| NEONATAL
PEDIATRIC SPECIALIST EXAM PREP 2026/2027
(BRAND NEW!!)
1. A neonatal respiratory therapist notes that a 2-day-old
infant requires increasing FiO₂ to maintain target SpO₂. A
transilluminator is placed on the chest and reveals a bright,
glowing halo around the point of contact. What is the most
likely condition?
A) Pneumonia
B) Tension pneumothorax
C) Diaphragmatic hernia
D) Pleural effusion
1
,Answer: B) Tension pneumothorax
Rationale: Transillumination of the chest is a rapid, bedside
screening tool for pneumothorax in neonates. A bright halo or
"glow" around the light source indicates air trapped in the pleural
space, which scatters the light. This is highly suggestive of a
pneumothorax, particularly a tension pneumothorax .
2. What is the appropriate depth of insertion (in cm) for a 4.0
mm endotracheal tube in a pediatric patient?
A) 8 cm
B) 10 cm
C) 12 cm
D) 14 cm
Answer: D) 14 cm
*Rationale: Endotracheal tube (ETT) depth can be estimated using
the formula: (ETT internal diameter in mm) x 3 = depth at the lip
in cm. For a 4.0 mm ETT, 4 x 3 = 12 cm. However, some
2
,references use 4.0 x 3.5 = 14 cm. More commonly, the formula
(age in years/4) + 4 is used for uncuffed tubes. A 4.0 tube is
typically used in a 4-6 year old. The weight-based formula
(weight in kg + 6) is also used. For a 4.0 ETT, depth is typically
14-15 cm at the lip .*
3. A newborn has a Dubowitz score of 34. This indicates:
A) High probability of pulmonary maturity
B) A pre-term infant
C) Low risk of respiratory distress
D) Intrauterine growth retardation
Answer: B) A pre-term infant
*Rationale: The Dubowitz/Ballard score is used to estimate
gestational age. A score of 34 corresponds to approximately 34
weeks gestation, which is pre-term. Term infants typically score
between 38-42 .*
3
, 4. Which of the following would be most helpful in confirming
the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?
A) Chest X-ray
B) Sweat chloride test
C) Hemoglobin electrophoresis
D) Serum electrolytes
Answer: B) Sweat chloride test
*Rationale: Cystic fibrosis is diagnosed by elevated chloride
levels in sweat (>60 mmol/L on two separate occasions). A
normal sweat chloride test result is less than 40 mmol/L .*
5. A Bodai adaptor is required for which of the following
procedures?
A) Flexible bronchoscopy
B) Thoracentesis
C) Extracorporeal CO₂ removal
D) Bronchial lavage
4
