BIOM 3090 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions

BIOM 3090 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions


Anti-hypertensives - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-drugs used to lower blood
| | | | | | | |



pressure through various mechanisms of action.
| | | | |




Blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-pressure exerted by circulating
| | | | | | | |



blood on walls of vessels
| | | | |




CO X PVR
| |




systolic/diastolic mmHg |




Peripheral vascular resistance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The force
| | | | | | |



exerted against the blood flow and is determined by the diameter of the
| | | | | | | | | | | |



vessel. The lower the vascular resistance the less force is needed to
| | | | | | | | | | | | |



eject the blood out of the heart during systole.
| | | | | | | |




Increased stretch in blood vessels = - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-stimulates
| | | | | | | | |



baroreceptors --> decrease SNS activity | | | |

,Decreased stretch of blood vessels= - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-decrease
| | | | | | | |



baroreceptor activity --> increase in SNS activity
| | | | | |




How do kidneys control long term blood pressure? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-control blood volume through renin-agiostensin | | | | |



aldosterone axis |




Healthy blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-120/80 or less
| | | | | | |




Decrease in pressure in renal arteries = - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |



increase in renin --> increase in angiostensin II --> constriction and
| | | | | | | | | | |



increase in aldosterone --> increase sodium and water retention =
| | | | | | | | | |



increase in blood volume
| | |




hypertensive BP - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-over 140/90
| | | | |




pre-hypertensive BP - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-systolic bw 120 and 140
| | | | | | | | |



and diastolic bw
| |




hypotensive BP - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-below 90/60 mmHg
| | | | | |




Sympatholytics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-drug that inhibits activity of
| | | | | | | |



sympathetic nervous system | |

,Clonidine - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a2 agonist
| | | |




-treatment for hypertension and opioid withdrawal
| | | | |




-side effects of bradycardia and hypotension
| | | | |




How does clonidine work as an antihypertensive? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-acts on brainstem vasomotor centers to suppress
| | | | | | |



sympathetic outflow to periphery
| | |




decreases nor-ep in CNS to decrease SNS activity and increase PSNS
| | | | | | | | | | |



activity


How does clonidine work to treat high BP? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |



Decrease CO and PVR by decreasing SNS and increasing PSNS
| | | | | | | | |




Important function of PSNS related to Hypertension? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-PSNS controls urination which is related to blood volume
| | | | | | | |




Main functions of SNS? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Controls bodies
| | | | | | | |



response to stress including heart rate
| | | | |




Beta blockers/ B-adrenergic antagonists - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | |



sympatholytic (inhibits SNS) activity in heart and kidney
| | | | | | | |

, block actions of catecholamines at B1 receptors = decreased BP
| | | | | | | | | |




Decreases CO and PVR = antihypertensive effects
| | | | | |




Catecholamines - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-hormones secreted by the
| | | | | | |



adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress
| | | | | | | | | |



response


dopamine norepinephrine and epinephrine
| | |




What happens when you block B1 receptors in heart? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-Decreases CO |




What happens when you block B1 receptors in the kidney? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-decreases renin release which decreases PVR | | | | |




Propranolol - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-non-selective beta blocker: doesnt
| | | | | | |



distinguish bw B1 and B2 receptors
| | | | | |




used for arrhythmias to slow HR
| | | | |