PLTW PBS FINAL REVIEW EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
What do cells need in order to function? - ANS oxygen
What is hemoglobin? - ANS protein found in the red blood cells
What do hemoglobin do? - ANS transport oxygen
What can deformed hemoglobin cause? - ANS variety of health issues
What happens when the shape of a Hemoglobin is changed? - ANS it wont be able to
function properly
How do cells get the oxygen they need for energy production? - ANS hemoglobin travels
around the body in red blood cells and the oxygen diffuses out of the red blood cell into the cell
What do normal red blood cells look like when placed under a microscope? - ANS They are
red and are round and shaped like donuts. It does not have a nucleus.
Why do some people have differently shaped red blood cells? - ANS because they have
abnormal hemoglobin
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, What effect does the altered shape of the red blood cell have on the health of the individual? -
ANS decreased oxygen delivery to those cells, blockage of blood cells, reduced number of red
blood cells (anemia)
What are some symptoms of sickle cell anemia? - ANS Jaundice (caused by biliruben), pains
(caused by blood flow being cut off), fatigue, sometimes paleness
What is the difference between someone having sickle cell trait and having sickle cell anemia? -
ANS if you have sickle cell trait (Aa) then you do not show any symptoms. if you have sickle
cell anemia (aa), then you show symptoms.
Is sickle cell a dominant of recessive gene? - ANS recessive
If someone has sickle cell trait, can they pass it to their children? - ANS Yes, if both parents
have sickle cell trait then they can have a child with sickle cell anemia
Where in the world does sickle cell disease occur? - ANS It mostly occurs in Africa
Why is it an advantage to have sickle cell trait? - ANS If they contract malaria, they are less
likely to die from it.
What can be visualized using a pedigree? - ANS expression of a trait through the generations
of a family
What carries the traits in reproductive cells? - ANS chromosomes
How are genetic diseases passed? - ANS from parent through child before birth
What happens when you change the genetic material of an organism? - ANS The organism
may have changes in the traits of an organism
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 10
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
What do cells need in order to function? - ANS oxygen
What is hemoglobin? - ANS protein found in the red blood cells
What do hemoglobin do? - ANS transport oxygen
What can deformed hemoglobin cause? - ANS variety of health issues
What happens when the shape of a Hemoglobin is changed? - ANS it wont be able to
function properly
How do cells get the oxygen they need for energy production? - ANS hemoglobin travels
around the body in red blood cells and the oxygen diffuses out of the red blood cell into the cell
What do normal red blood cells look like when placed under a microscope? - ANS They are
red and are round and shaped like donuts. It does not have a nucleus.
Why do some people have differently shaped red blood cells? - ANS because they have
abnormal hemoglobin
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 10
, What effect does the altered shape of the red blood cell have on the health of the individual? -
ANS decreased oxygen delivery to those cells, blockage of blood cells, reduced number of red
blood cells (anemia)
What are some symptoms of sickle cell anemia? - ANS Jaundice (caused by biliruben), pains
(caused by blood flow being cut off), fatigue, sometimes paleness
What is the difference between someone having sickle cell trait and having sickle cell anemia? -
ANS if you have sickle cell trait (Aa) then you do not show any symptoms. if you have sickle
cell anemia (aa), then you show symptoms.
Is sickle cell a dominant of recessive gene? - ANS recessive
If someone has sickle cell trait, can they pass it to their children? - ANS Yes, if both parents
have sickle cell trait then they can have a child with sickle cell anemia
Where in the world does sickle cell disease occur? - ANS It mostly occurs in Africa
Why is it an advantage to have sickle cell trait? - ANS If they contract malaria, they are less
likely to die from it.
What can be visualized using a pedigree? - ANS expression of a trait through the generations
of a family
What carries the traits in reproductive cells? - ANS chromosomes
How are genetic diseases passed? - ANS from parent through child before birth
What happens when you change the genetic material of an organism? - ANS The organism
may have changes in the traits of an organism
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 10
