Hondros Nur 205 final Exam (Latest
Update ) Questions AND
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct –
Hondros
Hyponatremia symptoms - correct answer Nausea
Muscle cramps
Confusion
Muscular twitching, coma
Seizures
Headache
Hypernatremia causes - correct answer excess water loss, excess sodium
administration, diabetes insipidus, heat stroke, hypertonic IV solutions
Hypernatremia symptoms - correct answer Water retention (edema), hypertension
Red, flushed skin; dry, sticky mucous membranes; increased thirst; elevated
temperature; decreased urine output
,Hypercalcemia causes - correct answer Hyperparathyroidism
Malignant bone disease
Prolonged immobilization
Excess calcium supplementation
Hypocalcemia causes - correct answer *Inadequate dietary intake of calcium*
*Inhibited absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract*
*Inadequate vitamin D consumption*
Diarrhea
Long-term immobilization and *bone demineralization*
Excessive gastrointestinal losses from diarrhea or wound draining
*End-stage* renal disease
*Calcium-excreting medications* such as diuretics, caffeine, anticonvulsants, heparin,
laxatives, and nicotine
*Decrease secretion of parathyroid hormone*
Acute pancreatitis
Crohn's disease
*Excessive administration of blood*
,Hypercalcemia symptoms - correct answer Muscle weakness, Constipation, Anorexia,
N/V, Polyuria, Polydipsia, Neurosis, Dysrhythmias,
Hypocalcemia symptoms - correct answer C.A.T.S.
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany (involuntary contraction of muscles)
S - Spasms and stridor
Hypokalemia causes - correct answer -- Excessive use of diuretics, corticosteroids,
digitalis, laxatives
-- Cushing's syndrome
-- Vomiting & diarrhea
-- Wound drainage
-- NG suctioning
-- Excessive diaphoresis
-- Kidney disease
, -- NPO
-- Alkalosis
-- Water intoxication
Hypokalemia symptoms - correct answer Dry mouth, thirst, weakness, drowsiness,
muscle aches, tachycardia hypotension
Hyperkalemia causes - correct answer M.A.C.H.I.N.E.
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion - Impaired
Hyperkalemia symptoms - correct answer Symptoms-
Update ) Questions AND
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct –
Hondros
Hyponatremia symptoms - correct answer Nausea
Muscle cramps
Confusion
Muscular twitching, coma
Seizures
Headache
Hypernatremia causes - correct answer excess water loss, excess sodium
administration, diabetes insipidus, heat stroke, hypertonic IV solutions
Hypernatremia symptoms - correct answer Water retention (edema), hypertension
Red, flushed skin; dry, sticky mucous membranes; increased thirst; elevated
temperature; decreased urine output
,Hypercalcemia causes - correct answer Hyperparathyroidism
Malignant bone disease
Prolonged immobilization
Excess calcium supplementation
Hypocalcemia causes - correct answer *Inadequate dietary intake of calcium*
*Inhibited absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract*
*Inadequate vitamin D consumption*
Diarrhea
Long-term immobilization and *bone demineralization*
Excessive gastrointestinal losses from diarrhea or wound draining
*End-stage* renal disease
*Calcium-excreting medications* such as diuretics, caffeine, anticonvulsants, heparin,
laxatives, and nicotine
*Decrease secretion of parathyroid hormone*
Acute pancreatitis
Crohn's disease
*Excessive administration of blood*
,Hypercalcemia symptoms - correct answer Muscle weakness, Constipation, Anorexia,
N/V, Polyuria, Polydipsia, Neurosis, Dysrhythmias,
Hypocalcemia symptoms - correct answer C.A.T.S.
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany (involuntary contraction of muscles)
S - Spasms and stridor
Hypokalemia causes - correct answer -- Excessive use of diuretics, corticosteroids,
digitalis, laxatives
-- Cushing's syndrome
-- Vomiting & diarrhea
-- Wound drainage
-- NG suctioning
-- Excessive diaphoresis
-- Kidney disease
, -- NPO
-- Alkalosis
-- Water intoxication
Hypokalemia symptoms - correct answer Dry mouth, thirst, weakness, drowsiness,
muscle aches, tachycardia hypotension
Hyperkalemia causes - correct answer M.A.C.H.I.N.E.
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion - Impaired
Hyperkalemia symptoms - correct answer Symptoms-
