LETRS EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. A beginning first-grade student is able to segment and pronounce the first
sound in a spoken word. He tries to guess at words by looking at the first
letter only. When he writes words, he spells a few sounds phonetically, but
not all the sounds. According to Ehri, this student is most likely in which
phase of word-reading development?
a. early alphabetic
b. later alphabetic
c. prealphabetic
d. consolidated alphabetic - ANSWER ✔ a. early alphabetic
2. A kindergarten teacher is having students listen to three spoken words and
identify the two words that end with the same sound. The teacher is focusing
on which language system?
a. morphology
b. phonology
c. orthography
d. semantics - ANSWER ✔ b. phonology
3. Considering the Simple View of Reading, what would be the BEST course
of action for a third-grade teacher with concerns about several students who
have not achieved fluency?
a. Observe whether students are able to work on several subskills at
once.
b. Verify that students have been engaged in independent reading at
home for 20 minutes every day.
c. Increase demand on students to improve their passage reading rate.
d. Determine if the students need remediation in word recognition,
language comprehension, or both. - ANSWER ✔ d. Determine if the
, students need remediation in word recognition, language
comprehension, or both.
4. In any first-grade classroom in a typical school in the United States,
approximately one-third of students are likely to score in the "basic" or
"below basic" range. The largest proportion of those students is likely to
show which characteristics?
a. primary difficulties with phonology, decoding, and word recognition
b. primary difficulties with phonology only
c. primary difficulties with automatic word recognition only
d. primary difficulties with language comprehension only - ANSWER
✔ a. primary difficulties with phonology, decoding, and word
recognition
5. Which of the following statements is FALSE with regard to an effective
implementation of a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS)?
a. It is possible for 95 percent of kindergarten students to meet
benchmark by the end of the year.
b. Reading problems can be treated as easily in third grade as in first
grade.
c. Progress-monitoring assessments should be brief, curriculum based,
and economical.
d. Students can learn to read even if there is little help available at home.
- ANSWER ✔ b. Reading problems can be treated as easily in third
grade as in first grade.
6. . One important goal of beginning reading instruction is the development of
a sight vocabulary that enables the student to recognize a word instantly,
without having to decode it. What types of words should make up a student's
sight word vocabulary?
a. phonetically irregular words
b. both regular and irregular words
c. phonetically regular words
d. high-frequency words - ANSWER ✔ b. both regular and irregular
words
7. Once students decode well, which statement describes the relationship
between vocabulary and reading comprehension? - ANSWER ✔
Vocabulary is the best single predictor of reading comprehension.
,8. In teaching the word invisible, the teacher broke it into the parts in - vis -
ible and talked about the meanings of the parts. Which aspect of language
was emphasized? - ANSWER ✔ morphology
9. The Hart and Risley study (1995) identified a "30-million-word" gap. This
gap refers to: - ANSWER ✔ the difference in the number of words heard
by preschool children raised in high- and low-language family
environments.
10.Which of the following is least likely to narrow the vocabulary gap between
language-rich and language-poor students? - ANSWER ✔ watching
children's television programs
11.To introduce a Tier 2 vocabulary word explicitly and systematically before
reading, which of these strategies would be the least effective? - ANSWER
✔ asking students to write the word 10 times until they can spell it
12.Students must learn the meanings of several thousand new words every year
if they are going to meet grade-level expectations for vocabulary growth.
About how many of those word meanings should teachers aim to teach
explicitly and thoroughly per week? - ANSWER ✔ 10-12
13.When a student is an accurate but slow reader, which of the following
practices is most effective? - ANSWER ✔ Focus instruction on
foundational reading skills that address multiple aspects of language.
14.In what way should the vocabulary instruction of English Learners (ELs) be
distinguished from the vocabulary instruction of native English speakers? -
ANSWER ✔ They may need to learn the meanings of the Tier 1 words in a
passage.
15.To select the best vocabulary words to teach before reading a text, the
teacher should prioritize which types of words? - ANSWER ✔ words that
are central to understanding key meanings in the passage
, 16.A primary-grade teacher who wants to implement research-based vocabulary
instruction should try to emphasize: - ANSWER ✔ word relationships,
including antonyms, synonyms, categories, and semantic families.
17.Which statement best describes the relationship between reading
comprehension and word decoding in a beginning reader's development?
Developing decoding skills is secondary to the development of text
comprehension skills.
Reading comprehension strategies directly facilitate the development of
decoding skills.
Accurate, fast word recognition is necessary for development of reading fluency
and text comprehension.
These skills develop independently of one another. - ANSWER ✔ Accurate,
fast word recognition is necessary for development of reading fluency and text
comprehension.
18.Near the close of the day, a kindergarten teacher guides the students in
conversation about the day's activities. She writes down what is said on large
chart paper, then reads it to the class. This activity would aid their literacy
development primarily by promoting which skill?
oral language comprehension
basic understanding of orthographic patterns
phonological awareness
syntactic processing - ANSWER ✔ oral language comprehension
19.What is the most important implication of the Four-Part Processing Model
for Word Recognition?
Context is a primary driver of word recognition during reading.
Reading is primarily a visually driven process, dependent on the "brain's
letterbox."
Students can compensate for weak phonology if they know the meaning of
many words.
Reading depends on constructing pathways between the phonological,
orthographic, and meaning processors. - ANSWER ✔ Reading depends on
constructing pathways between the phonological, orthographic, and meaning
processors.
ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. A beginning first-grade student is able to segment and pronounce the first
sound in a spoken word. He tries to guess at words by looking at the first
letter only. When he writes words, he spells a few sounds phonetically, but
not all the sounds. According to Ehri, this student is most likely in which
phase of word-reading development?
a. early alphabetic
b. later alphabetic
c. prealphabetic
d. consolidated alphabetic - ANSWER ✔ a. early alphabetic
2. A kindergarten teacher is having students listen to three spoken words and
identify the two words that end with the same sound. The teacher is focusing
on which language system?
a. morphology
b. phonology
c. orthography
d. semantics - ANSWER ✔ b. phonology
3. Considering the Simple View of Reading, what would be the BEST course
of action for a third-grade teacher with concerns about several students who
have not achieved fluency?
a. Observe whether students are able to work on several subskills at
once.
b. Verify that students have been engaged in independent reading at
home for 20 minutes every day.
c. Increase demand on students to improve their passage reading rate.
d. Determine if the students need remediation in word recognition,
language comprehension, or both. - ANSWER ✔ d. Determine if the
, students need remediation in word recognition, language
comprehension, or both.
4. In any first-grade classroom in a typical school in the United States,
approximately one-third of students are likely to score in the "basic" or
"below basic" range. The largest proportion of those students is likely to
show which characteristics?
a. primary difficulties with phonology, decoding, and word recognition
b. primary difficulties with phonology only
c. primary difficulties with automatic word recognition only
d. primary difficulties with language comprehension only - ANSWER
✔ a. primary difficulties with phonology, decoding, and word
recognition
5. Which of the following statements is FALSE with regard to an effective
implementation of a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS)?
a. It is possible for 95 percent of kindergarten students to meet
benchmark by the end of the year.
b. Reading problems can be treated as easily in third grade as in first
grade.
c. Progress-monitoring assessments should be brief, curriculum based,
and economical.
d. Students can learn to read even if there is little help available at home.
- ANSWER ✔ b. Reading problems can be treated as easily in third
grade as in first grade.
6. . One important goal of beginning reading instruction is the development of
a sight vocabulary that enables the student to recognize a word instantly,
without having to decode it. What types of words should make up a student's
sight word vocabulary?
a. phonetically irregular words
b. both regular and irregular words
c. phonetically regular words
d. high-frequency words - ANSWER ✔ b. both regular and irregular
words
7. Once students decode well, which statement describes the relationship
between vocabulary and reading comprehension? - ANSWER ✔
Vocabulary is the best single predictor of reading comprehension.
,8. In teaching the word invisible, the teacher broke it into the parts in - vis -
ible and talked about the meanings of the parts. Which aspect of language
was emphasized? - ANSWER ✔ morphology
9. The Hart and Risley study (1995) identified a "30-million-word" gap. This
gap refers to: - ANSWER ✔ the difference in the number of words heard
by preschool children raised in high- and low-language family
environments.
10.Which of the following is least likely to narrow the vocabulary gap between
language-rich and language-poor students? - ANSWER ✔ watching
children's television programs
11.To introduce a Tier 2 vocabulary word explicitly and systematically before
reading, which of these strategies would be the least effective? - ANSWER
✔ asking students to write the word 10 times until they can spell it
12.Students must learn the meanings of several thousand new words every year
if they are going to meet grade-level expectations for vocabulary growth.
About how many of those word meanings should teachers aim to teach
explicitly and thoroughly per week? - ANSWER ✔ 10-12
13.When a student is an accurate but slow reader, which of the following
practices is most effective? - ANSWER ✔ Focus instruction on
foundational reading skills that address multiple aspects of language.
14.In what way should the vocabulary instruction of English Learners (ELs) be
distinguished from the vocabulary instruction of native English speakers? -
ANSWER ✔ They may need to learn the meanings of the Tier 1 words in a
passage.
15.To select the best vocabulary words to teach before reading a text, the
teacher should prioritize which types of words? - ANSWER ✔ words that
are central to understanding key meanings in the passage
, 16.A primary-grade teacher who wants to implement research-based vocabulary
instruction should try to emphasize: - ANSWER ✔ word relationships,
including antonyms, synonyms, categories, and semantic families.
17.Which statement best describes the relationship between reading
comprehension and word decoding in a beginning reader's development?
Developing decoding skills is secondary to the development of text
comprehension skills.
Reading comprehension strategies directly facilitate the development of
decoding skills.
Accurate, fast word recognition is necessary for development of reading fluency
and text comprehension.
These skills develop independently of one another. - ANSWER ✔ Accurate,
fast word recognition is necessary for development of reading fluency and text
comprehension.
18.Near the close of the day, a kindergarten teacher guides the students in
conversation about the day's activities. She writes down what is said on large
chart paper, then reads it to the class. This activity would aid their literacy
development primarily by promoting which skill?
oral language comprehension
basic understanding of orthographic patterns
phonological awareness
syntactic processing - ANSWER ✔ oral language comprehension
19.What is the most important implication of the Four-Part Processing Model
for Word Recognition?
Context is a primary driver of word recognition during reading.
Reading is primarily a visually driven process, dependent on the "brain's
letterbox."
Students can compensate for weak phonology if they know the meaning of
many words.
Reading depends on constructing pathways between the phonological,
orthographic, and meaning processors. - ANSWER ✔ Reading depends on
constructing pathways between the phonological, orthographic, and meaning
processors.
