1|Page
NSG 120 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 PRACTICE GUIDE |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED
The nurse is caring for a client with the following ABG's of pH of 7.49, PC02 45 and HCO3 30. The nurse interprets
this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Metabolic alkalosis
The nurse is performing a skin assessment and notes a red area on the client coccyx that does not blanch but has no
broken skin the nurse correctly documents this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Decubitus
pressure ulcer
Which of the following describes:
carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase lowering pH and stimulating the respiratory center resulting in increased
rate and depth of respirations and hyperventilation? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Hypercapnia
Which of the following would be considered an autoimmune disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Rheumatoid
arthritis (RA)
Pernicious anemia
AIDs
The nurse is caring for a client with longstanding Type 2 diabetes which of the following is a potential long-term
complication of the disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Diabetic Retinopathy
What is the common warnings of a myocardial infarction? Select all that apply -----✔✔ Correct Answer----·
Feeling of pressure in chest
· Nausea
· Anxiety & Fear
· Diaphoresis (sweating), SOB
Which of the following are the cardinal signs of congestive heart failure? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----· Exercise
intolerance and Dysrhythmias
The nurse has a client with heart failure the client would like the nurse to explain what the diagnosis means. Which
of the following responses should the nurse make? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----The heart is unable to pump
sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body
GOODLUCK!!!
,2|Page
A client with obstructive pulmonary disease COPD presents to the emergency room with difficulty breathing. The
physical examination reveals bluish skin nailbeds and mucous membranes. Which term correctly describes this
condition? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Cyanosis
The nurse is assessing a client and notes wheezing and a cough. The client uses accessory muscles during breathing.
The primary health care provider provides bronchodilators and corticosteroids in the form of inhalers. The nurse
should recognize that a client is most likely experiencing which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Asthma
The nurse is reading a client's history and notes that the client has a history of leukopenia the nurse interprets this to
mean that the client has which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Decreased leukocytes
Which of the following is the correct sequence or pathway for blood flow through the heart? -----✔✔ Correct
Answer----right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery ->lungs ->pulmonary vein-> left atrium-> left
ventricle-> aorta
The nurse is teaching a client that diabetes causes a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease because of
which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Hyperglycemia causes endothelial degeneration leading to
Acura Cirrhosis
A 7-year-old client was recently diagnosed with type one diabetes. The client asked why I have to have insulin
injections? The nurse should explain which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Pancreas is not
producing insulin
A nurse is admitting a client to the emergency room the client begins to have a seizure activity including the loss of
consciousness and limb jerking. The nurse priority is to do which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Protect the client from injury
Which of the following blood tests are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Hemoglobin A1C
Which neurotransmitter is depleted in client with Parkinson's disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Dopamine
Which of the following is the condition where fat containing substances are deposited on the coronary artery lumens
causing it to narrow? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Coronary artery disease
A client has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis the nurse recognizes that the client's condition is a result of
which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Autoimmune mediated response that is caused by the
demyelination of the neurons of the brain, spinal cord
GOODLUCK!!!
, 3|Page
Bradykinesia occurring in Parkinson's disease places the client with Parkinson's disease most at risk for which of the
following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Falls and injury's
A client who is being seen in an outpatient clinic reports a single episode of unilateral arm and leg weakness and
blurred vision that lasted approximately 45 minutes. The symptoms have completely subsided, and the client is now
back to their baseline. The client most likely experienced which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
TIA (transient ischemic attack)
mini stroke
The nurses came for a client diagnosed with expressive aphasia after having a stroke how should the nurse explain
expressive aphasia to the client's family? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----it's characterized by an impaired ability to
speak or write fluently or appropriately
After a patient experiences a stroke specific local signs and symptoms are based on the area affected these signs and
symptoms include any of the following except what? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
A client is admitted to the emergency department that has acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome. The nurse knows which
of the following are characteristics of this disease? select all -----✔✔ Correct Answer----· Autoimmune disease
· Often follows a viral infection or immunization
· Causes Semi-paralysis in an ascending fashion
The nurse is caring for a client with photophobia, fever, spontaneous flexion of the knees when the knees are bent,
resistance to extension of the leg and hip flexed. which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be the
diagnosis of this client? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Meningitis
The client has a history of seizures and reports seeing flashing lights immediately prior to the seizure. The nurse
should recognize this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Aura
The client has reported pain localized to the right great toe additionally the radiographic reports revealed
inflammation and uric acid crystals in the joint of the great toe. Which disorder does the client have? -----✔✔
Correct Answer----Gout
The nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk? -----✔✔ Correct
Answer----65-year-old woman who is sanitary and smokes cigarettes
While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures the nursing instructor says the fracture is
characterized by the bone being exposed to air through a break in the skin. Which type of fracture is this? -----
✔✔ Correct Answer----Open Facture
GOODLUCK!!!
NSG 120 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 PRACTICE GUIDE |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED
The nurse is caring for a client with the following ABG's of pH of 7.49, PC02 45 and HCO3 30. The nurse interprets
this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Metabolic alkalosis
The nurse is performing a skin assessment and notes a red area on the client coccyx that does not blanch but has no
broken skin the nurse correctly documents this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Decubitus
pressure ulcer
Which of the following describes:
carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase lowering pH and stimulating the respiratory center resulting in increased
rate and depth of respirations and hyperventilation? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Hypercapnia
Which of the following would be considered an autoimmune disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Rheumatoid
arthritis (RA)
Pernicious anemia
AIDs
The nurse is caring for a client with longstanding Type 2 diabetes which of the following is a potential long-term
complication of the disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Diabetic Retinopathy
What is the common warnings of a myocardial infarction? Select all that apply -----✔✔ Correct Answer----·
Feeling of pressure in chest
· Nausea
· Anxiety & Fear
· Diaphoresis (sweating), SOB
Which of the following are the cardinal signs of congestive heart failure? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----· Exercise
intolerance and Dysrhythmias
The nurse has a client with heart failure the client would like the nurse to explain what the diagnosis means. Which
of the following responses should the nurse make? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----The heart is unable to pump
sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body
GOODLUCK!!!
,2|Page
A client with obstructive pulmonary disease COPD presents to the emergency room with difficulty breathing. The
physical examination reveals bluish skin nailbeds and mucous membranes. Which term correctly describes this
condition? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Cyanosis
The nurse is assessing a client and notes wheezing and a cough. The client uses accessory muscles during breathing.
The primary health care provider provides bronchodilators and corticosteroids in the form of inhalers. The nurse
should recognize that a client is most likely experiencing which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Asthma
The nurse is reading a client's history and notes that the client has a history of leukopenia the nurse interprets this to
mean that the client has which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Decreased leukocytes
Which of the following is the correct sequence or pathway for blood flow through the heart? -----✔✔ Correct
Answer----right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery ->lungs ->pulmonary vein-> left atrium-> left
ventricle-> aorta
The nurse is teaching a client that diabetes causes a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease because of
which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Hyperglycemia causes endothelial degeneration leading to
Acura Cirrhosis
A 7-year-old client was recently diagnosed with type one diabetes. The client asked why I have to have insulin
injections? The nurse should explain which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Pancreas is not
producing insulin
A nurse is admitting a client to the emergency room the client begins to have a seizure activity including the loss of
consciousness and limb jerking. The nurse priority is to do which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Protect the client from injury
Which of the following blood tests are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
Hemoglobin A1C
Which neurotransmitter is depleted in client with Parkinson's disease? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Dopamine
Which of the following is the condition where fat containing substances are deposited on the coronary artery lumens
causing it to narrow? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Coronary artery disease
A client has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis the nurse recognizes that the client's condition is a result of
which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Autoimmune mediated response that is caused by the
demyelination of the neurons of the brain, spinal cord
GOODLUCK!!!
, 3|Page
Bradykinesia occurring in Parkinson's disease places the client with Parkinson's disease most at risk for which of the
following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Falls and injury's
A client who is being seen in an outpatient clinic reports a single episode of unilateral arm and leg weakness and
blurred vision that lasted approximately 45 minutes. The symptoms have completely subsided, and the client is now
back to their baseline. The client most likely experienced which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----
TIA (transient ischemic attack)
mini stroke
The nurses came for a client diagnosed with expressive aphasia after having a stroke how should the nurse explain
expressive aphasia to the client's family? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----it's characterized by an impaired ability to
speak or write fluently or appropriately
After a patient experiences a stroke specific local signs and symptoms are based on the area affected these signs and
symptoms include any of the following except what? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
A client is admitted to the emergency department that has acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome. The nurse knows which
of the following are characteristics of this disease? select all -----✔✔ Correct Answer----· Autoimmune disease
· Often follows a viral infection or immunization
· Causes Semi-paralysis in an ascending fashion
The nurse is caring for a client with photophobia, fever, spontaneous flexion of the knees when the knees are bent,
resistance to extension of the leg and hip flexed. which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be the
diagnosis of this client? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Meningitis
The client has a history of seizures and reports seeing flashing lights immediately prior to the seizure. The nurse
should recognize this as which of the following? -----✔✔ Correct Answer----Aura
The client has reported pain localized to the right great toe additionally the radiographic reports revealed
inflammation and uric acid crystals in the joint of the great toe. Which disorder does the client have? -----✔✔
Correct Answer----Gout
The nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk? -----✔✔ Correct
Answer----65-year-old woman who is sanitary and smokes cigarettes
While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures the nursing instructor says the fracture is
characterized by the bone being exposed to air through a break in the skin. Which type of fracture is this? -----
✔✔ Correct Answer----Open Facture
GOODLUCK!!!
