Developmental Stages of Spelling - ANSWER Precommunicative Stage
Semiphonetic Stage
Phonetic Stage
Transitional Stage
Correct Stage
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Precommunicative Stage - ANSWER The child uses
letters from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of letter sound correspondences. the
child may also lack knowledge of the entire alphabet, the distinction between upper and
lower case letters, and the left to right direction of the English orthography.
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Semiphonetic Stage - ANSWER The child begins to
understand letter sound correspondence-- that sounds are assigned to letters. At this stage,
the child often employs rudimentary logic, using single letters, for example, to represent
words, sounds and syllables. (U for you)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Phonetic Stage - ANSWER Children use a letter or
group of letters to represent every speech sound that they hear in a word. Although some of
their choices do not conform to conventional English spelling, their attempts to spell words
are systematic and easily understood (the letters tak for take and en for in)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Transitional Stage - ANSWER The speller begins to
assimilate the conventional alternative for representing sounds, moving from a dependence
only or mainly on phonology (sound) for representing words, to evidencing a greater
understanding of common letter patterns words and the structure of words. Some examples
of misspelling typical of this stage are egul for eagle, and higheked for hiked.
1
,Developmental Stages of Spelling: Correct Stage - ANSWER At this stage, spellers know
common letter sound relationships and generalizations (rules) for spelling, as well as how to
use morphemic information in spelling. The student understands how to spell many
common prefixes and suffixes, silent consonants, alternative spellings, and irregular
spellings. A large number of learned words are accumulated, and the speller recognizes
incorrect forms.
Brian writes "hom" for the word home. When considering the developmental stages of
spelling, Brian uses--- - ANSWER Phonetic Spelling
In phonetic spelling, students use their knowledge of letters and graphemes and in this
example, Brian has used a letter for every sound heard in home.
Suzie writes "spcl" for the word special. When considering the Developmental Stages of
Spelling, Suzie uses-- - ANSWER Semiphonetic Spelling
She uses some knowledge of letter sounds relationships but does not use vowels in this
example.
Which of the following are examples of informal assessments that prekindergarten teachers
can use?
-Progress monitoring measures
-diagnostic assessments
-ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios - ANSWER -ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios
2
,-ongoing observations- teachers observe their students work and play in a variety of
settings.
-systematic observations- teachers choose specific children to observe for specific purposes
for a specific timeframe.
-portfolios- teachers collect and date authentic work samples over time. Portfolios provide a
powerful overview of a child's development and serve to guide instructional decisions.
A recent study concludes which of the following regarding dyslexia and the size of the
population it affects in the US? (looking for a %) - ANSWER Dyslexia affects 15-20% of the
population in America.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia (List) - ANSWER -Multisensory
-Structured, Systematic, Sequential, and Cumulative
-Flexible
-Personal and Direct
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Multisensory - ANSWER Involve regular interaction
between the teacher and the students and the simultaneous use of simple senses including
auditory, visual and kinesthetic. A dyslexic learner is taught to tee the letter A, say its name
and sound and write it in the air- all at the same time. The use of multisensory input is
thought to enhance memory storage and retrieval.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Structured, Systematic, Sequential and Cumulative -
ANSWER Language elements and rules are introduced in a linguistically logical,
understandable order. Students go back to the very beginning of their language learning, to
lay a proper foundation. Beginning by reading and writing sounds in isolation (phonemes),
then blending sounds into syllables and words. Elements of language- consonants, vowels,
digraph blends, and diphthongs are introduced in an orderly fashion. Only later, learners
proceed to advanced structural elements such as syllable types, roots, prefixes and suffixes.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Flexible - ANSWER Teachers ensure the learner is not
simply recognizing a patterns and applying it without understanding. When confusion of a
previously taught rule is discovered, it is re-taught from the beginning.
3
, Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Personal and Direct - ANSWER Building a close
teacher student relationship with continuous feedback and positive reinforcement leading to
success and self confidence.
Mrs. Swanson is attempting to help students select books that they can read on their own.
As part of this process, she must determine each student's independent reading level.
In order to accomplish this task effectively, Mrs. Swanson should select books in which
students- - ANSWER Have 5 or less word recognition errors per 100 words of text.
A student is at the independent reading level when he or she can read successfully 95% of
the words. This is the level at which students can read on their own. Since Mrs. Swanson is
helping students select books they can read on their own, she needs to determine they are
at the independent reading level. It is very important when students are going to be reading
for fun that they read books that are on their independent reading level. This level, along
with the instructional and frustration levels, is usually found by administering an informal
reading inventory to the student.
What does an IRI mean? - ANSWER Informal Reading Inventory.
Frequently used to place readers in materials of appropriate difficulty. The purpose of an IRI
is to provide greater insight into a student's reading level. It does not provide a specific
diagnosis; rather, it provides the classroom teacher and understanding of a child's abilities,
which in turn may lead to more accurate instruction. There are commercially available IRIs
and teacher made IRIs. They are intended to assess a child's reading behavior in the
materials actually used in his or her classroom instructional program.
What is an TPRI? - ANSWER Texas Primary Reading Inventory
What is DIBELS? - ANSWER The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills
What is the best way to teach sight words? - ANSWER Using Creative ways to expose the
students to the words in multiple situations and contexts.
4
Semiphonetic Stage
Phonetic Stage
Transitional Stage
Correct Stage
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Precommunicative Stage - ANSWER The child uses
letters from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of letter sound correspondences. the
child may also lack knowledge of the entire alphabet, the distinction between upper and
lower case letters, and the left to right direction of the English orthography.
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Semiphonetic Stage - ANSWER The child begins to
understand letter sound correspondence-- that sounds are assigned to letters. At this stage,
the child often employs rudimentary logic, using single letters, for example, to represent
words, sounds and syllables. (U for you)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Phonetic Stage - ANSWER Children use a letter or
group of letters to represent every speech sound that they hear in a word. Although some of
their choices do not conform to conventional English spelling, their attempts to spell words
are systematic and easily understood (the letters tak for take and en for in)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Transitional Stage - ANSWER The speller begins to
assimilate the conventional alternative for representing sounds, moving from a dependence
only or mainly on phonology (sound) for representing words, to evidencing a greater
understanding of common letter patterns words and the structure of words. Some examples
of misspelling typical of this stage are egul for eagle, and higheked for hiked.
1
,Developmental Stages of Spelling: Correct Stage - ANSWER At this stage, spellers know
common letter sound relationships and generalizations (rules) for spelling, as well as how to
use morphemic information in spelling. The student understands how to spell many
common prefixes and suffixes, silent consonants, alternative spellings, and irregular
spellings. A large number of learned words are accumulated, and the speller recognizes
incorrect forms.
Brian writes "hom" for the word home. When considering the developmental stages of
spelling, Brian uses--- - ANSWER Phonetic Spelling
In phonetic spelling, students use their knowledge of letters and graphemes and in this
example, Brian has used a letter for every sound heard in home.
Suzie writes "spcl" for the word special. When considering the Developmental Stages of
Spelling, Suzie uses-- - ANSWER Semiphonetic Spelling
She uses some knowledge of letter sounds relationships but does not use vowels in this
example.
Which of the following are examples of informal assessments that prekindergarten teachers
can use?
-Progress monitoring measures
-diagnostic assessments
-ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios - ANSWER -ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios
2
,-ongoing observations- teachers observe their students work and play in a variety of
settings.
-systematic observations- teachers choose specific children to observe for specific purposes
for a specific timeframe.
-portfolios- teachers collect and date authentic work samples over time. Portfolios provide a
powerful overview of a child's development and serve to guide instructional decisions.
A recent study concludes which of the following regarding dyslexia and the size of the
population it affects in the US? (looking for a %) - ANSWER Dyslexia affects 15-20% of the
population in America.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia (List) - ANSWER -Multisensory
-Structured, Systematic, Sequential, and Cumulative
-Flexible
-Personal and Direct
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Multisensory - ANSWER Involve regular interaction
between the teacher and the students and the simultaneous use of simple senses including
auditory, visual and kinesthetic. A dyslexic learner is taught to tee the letter A, say its name
and sound and write it in the air- all at the same time. The use of multisensory input is
thought to enhance memory storage and retrieval.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Structured, Systematic, Sequential and Cumulative -
ANSWER Language elements and rules are introduced in a linguistically logical,
understandable order. Students go back to the very beginning of their language learning, to
lay a proper foundation. Beginning by reading and writing sounds in isolation (phonemes),
then blending sounds into syllables and words. Elements of language- consonants, vowels,
digraph blends, and diphthongs are introduced in an orderly fashion. Only later, learners
proceed to advanced structural elements such as syllable types, roots, prefixes and suffixes.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Flexible - ANSWER Teachers ensure the learner is not
simply recognizing a patterns and applying it without understanding. When confusion of a
previously taught rule is discovered, it is re-taught from the beginning.
3
, Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Personal and Direct - ANSWER Building a close
teacher student relationship with continuous feedback and positive reinforcement leading to
success and self confidence.
Mrs. Swanson is attempting to help students select books that they can read on their own.
As part of this process, she must determine each student's independent reading level.
In order to accomplish this task effectively, Mrs. Swanson should select books in which
students- - ANSWER Have 5 or less word recognition errors per 100 words of text.
A student is at the independent reading level when he or she can read successfully 95% of
the words. This is the level at which students can read on their own. Since Mrs. Swanson is
helping students select books they can read on their own, she needs to determine they are
at the independent reading level. It is very important when students are going to be reading
for fun that they read books that are on their independent reading level. This level, along
with the instructional and frustration levels, is usually found by administering an informal
reading inventory to the student.
What does an IRI mean? - ANSWER Informal Reading Inventory.
Frequently used to place readers in materials of appropriate difficulty. The purpose of an IRI
is to provide greater insight into a student's reading level. It does not provide a specific
diagnosis; rather, it provides the classroom teacher and understanding of a child's abilities,
which in turn may lead to more accurate instruction. There are commercially available IRIs
and teacher made IRIs. They are intended to assess a child's reading behavior in the
materials actually used in his or her classroom instructional program.
What is an TPRI? - ANSWER Texas Primary Reading Inventory
What is DIBELS? - ANSWER The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills
What is the best way to teach sight words? - ANSWER Using Creative ways to expose the
students to the words in multiple situations and contexts.
4
