ISSA CERTIFIED PERSONAL TRAINER (CPT) FINAL EXAM – ISSA – COMPLETE 200 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE A+ VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
1. Which molecule is the energy currency of the cell?: adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
2. Which digestive organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions?: pancreas
3. What calculation estimates the primary macronutrient the body uses for
energy at a given point in time?: respiratory quotient
4. Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for "fight-or-flight"?: sym-
pathetic nervous system
5. Which type of bone protects internal organs and provides a large surface
area for muscles to attach?: flat bone
6. Which of the following is included in the axial skeleton?: skull
7. According to the size principle of motor recruitment, in what order will
muscle fibers be recruited during activity?: smallest and slowest firing rate to largest and fastest
firing rate
8. Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body?: skeletal muscle
9. Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary move-
ment like exercise?: somatic nervous system
10. What is the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for?: receiving sensory input
and organizing, analyzing, and processing neural information
11. What is the term for blood circulation within the heart and lungs?: pulmonary
circulation
12. Which heart structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart and initiates
contraction of the right atrium?: sinoatrial (SA) node
13. In which anatomical plane does the internal and external rotation of the
shoulder occur?: transverse plane
14. According to the American Heart Association, what is considered a 'normal'
blood pressure?: 120/80 mm Hg
15. Which energy pathway produces the greatest amount of ATP?: oxidative energy
pathway
16. Which organ is the largest lymphatic organ in the body?: the spleen
17. Which endocrine hormone promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood
by target tissues?: insulin
18. What neural function is processed directly by the spinal cord and not the
brain?: a reflex
, ISSA CERTIFIED PERSONAL TRAINER (CPT) FINAL EXAM – ISSA – COMPLETE 200 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE A+ VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
19. What class of hormones is released by the adrenal glands during times of
stress?: catecholamines
20. Which digestive organ is responsible for the storage of fat-soluble vitamins
and blood filtration and detoxification?: liver
21. The process of glycolysis is the breakdown of what molecule in the body?-
: glucose
22. Which energy pathway is dominant when the body is at rest or during
low-intensity, long-duration activity?: oxidative energy pathway
23. What is the process of breaking triglycerides down into fatty acids to be
converted to acetyl-CoA during aerobic metabolism called?: beta-oxidation
24. What is the primary muscle involved in pulmonary ventilation?: diaphragm
25. Which two macronutrients are the most preferred sources of energy in the
body?: carbohydrate and fat
26. What is the name of the heart valves located between the atria and ventri-
cles that keep blood moving in only one direction?: atrioventricular (AV) valves
27. Which glands of the endocrine system produce and release substances
through ducts or openings on the body's surfaces?: exocrine glands
28. Where in the cell do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur?: -
mitochondria
29. The calcaneus is an example of what type of bone?: short bone
30. What is the condition of low blood pressure measuring 90/60 mm Hg or
less?: hypotension
31. Which endocrine hormone promotes the release of glucose from the liver
and into the bloodstream?: glucagon
32. What term is described as the volume of blood the left ventricle pushes out
in a single heartbeat?: stroke volume
33. What muscle fiber arrangement can be seen in the soleus muscle?: bipennate
muscle
34. Which type of blood cells make up approximately 40 percent of blood
volume?: red blood cells
35. Which classification of neurons communicates tactile, auditory, and visual
information?: sensory neurons
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE A+ VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
1. Which molecule is the energy currency of the cell?: adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
2. Which digestive organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions?: pancreas
3. What calculation estimates the primary macronutrient the body uses for
energy at a given point in time?: respiratory quotient
4. Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for "fight-or-flight"?: sym-
pathetic nervous system
5. Which type of bone protects internal organs and provides a large surface
area for muscles to attach?: flat bone
6. Which of the following is included in the axial skeleton?: skull
7. According to the size principle of motor recruitment, in what order will
muscle fibers be recruited during activity?: smallest and slowest firing rate to largest and fastest
firing rate
8. Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body?: skeletal muscle
9. Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary move-
ment like exercise?: somatic nervous system
10. What is the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for?: receiving sensory input
and organizing, analyzing, and processing neural information
11. What is the term for blood circulation within the heart and lungs?: pulmonary
circulation
12. Which heart structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart and initiates
contraction of the right atrium?: sinoatrial (SA) node
13. In which anatomical plane does the internal and external rotation of the
shoulder occur?: transverse plane
14. According to the American Heart Association, what is considered a 'normal'
blood pressure?: 120/80 mm Hg
15. Which energy pathway produces the greatest amount of ATP?: oxidative energy
pathway
16. Which organ is the largest lymphatic organ in the body?: the spleen
17. Which endocrine hormone promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood
by target tissues?: insulin
18. What neural function is processed directly by the spinal cord and not the
brain?: a reflex
, ISSA CERTIFIED PERSONAL TRAINER (CPT) FINAL EXAM – ISSA – COMPLETE 200 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE A+ VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
19. What class of hormones is released by the adrenal glands during times of
stress?: catecholamines
20. Which digestive organ is responsible for the storage of fat-soluble vitamins
and blood filtration and detoxification?: liver
21. The process of glycolysis is the breakdown of what molecule in the body?-
: glucose
22. Which energy pathway is dominant when the body is at rest or during
low-intensity, long-duration activity?: oxidative energy pathway
23. What is the process of breaking triglycerides down into fatty acids to be
converted to acetyl-CoA during aerobic metabolism called?: beta-oxidation
24. What is the primary muscle involved in pulmonary ventilation?: diaphragm
25. Which two macronutrients are the most preferred sources of energy in the
body?: carbohydrate and fat
26. What is the name of the heart valves located between the atria and ventri-
cles that keep blood moving in only one direction?: atrioventricular (AV) valves
27. Which glands of the endocrine system produce and release substances
through ducts or openings on the body's surfaces?: exocrine glands
28. Where in the cell do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur?: -
mitochondria
29. The calcaneus is an example of what type of bone?: short bone
30. What is the condition of low blood pressure measuring 90/60 mm Hg or
less?: hypotension
31. Which endocrine hormone promotes the release of glucose from the liver
and into the bloodstream?: glucagon
32. What term is described as the volume of blood the left ventricle pushes out
in a single heartbeat?: stroke volume
33. What muscle fiber arrangement can be seen in the soleus muscle?: bipennate
muscle
34. Which type of blood cells make up approximately 40 percent of blood
volume?: red blood cells
35. Which classification of neurons communicates tactile, auditory, and visual
information?: sensory neurons
